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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1143 - δάκνω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to bite with the teeth
- metaph., to wound the soul, cut lacerate, rend with reproaches
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δάκν-ω,
ing chariot, X. Cyr. 2.2.26: so metaph., νωμᾷ δικαίῳ πηδαλίῳ στρατόν Pi. P. 1.86; δικαιόταται ἀντιρροπαί Hp. Art. 7; δικαιότατα μοχλεύειν ibid.: hence, fair, impartial, βάσανος Antipho 1.8; συγγραφεύς Luc. Hist.Conscr. 39. legally exact, precise, τῷ δικαιοτάτῳ τῶν λόγων to speak quite exactly, Hdt. 7.108, cf. Th. 3.44; of Numbers, αἱ ἑκατὸν ὀργυιαὶ δίκαιαι Hdt. 2.149. Adv. -αίως, πάντα δ. ὑμῖν τετήρηται D. 21.3; δ. ἐξετάζειν ib.154.
2. lawful, just, esp. τὸ δ. right, opp. τὸ ἄδικον, Hdt. 1.96, A. Pr. 189 (lyr.), etc.; τὸ δ. τὸ νόμιμον καὶ τὸ ἴσον Arist. EN 1129a34; δ. διορθωτικόν, διανεμητικόν, ib. 1131b25, 27; τὸ πολιτικὸν δ. ib. 1134b18; ἔστι ἐπιεικὲς τὸ παρὰ τὸν γεγραμμένον νόμον δ. Id. Rh. 1374a27, cf. EN 1137b12; καὶ δίκαια κἄδικα Ar. Nu. 99; τὰ ἴσα καὶ τὰ δ. D. 21.67; τοὐμὸν δ. my own right, E. IA 810; ἐλθεῖν ἐπὶ τοῦτο τὸ δ. bring the case to this issue, Antipho 6.24; οὐδὲν τῶν δ. ποιεῖν τινί not to do what is just and right by a man, X. HG 5.3.10; τὰ δ. ἔχειν, λαμβάνειν, receive one's due, Id. An. 7.7.14, 17; τὰ δ. πράττεσθαι πόλιν give a city its deserts, A. Ag. 812; ἐκ τοῦ δικαίου, = δικαίως, Ar. Av. 1435, cf. Th. 2.89; so ἀπὸ τοῦ δικαίου, τῶν δικαίων, Inscr.Prien. 50.8 (ii B. C.), 123.8 (i B. C.); μετὰ τοῦ δ. Lys. 2.12, D. 21.177; τὸ δίκαιον lawful claim, ἃ ἔχομεν δίκαια πρός.. Th. 3.54, cf. D. 21.179, Plu. Lu, etc.; τὰ πρὸς ἀλλήλους δ. mutual obligations or contracts, Plb. 3.21.10; ἐπὶ συγκειμένοις τισὶ δικαίοις on certain agreed terms, D.H. 3.51. Adv. -αίως rightly, justly, Hdt. 6.137; μεῖζον ἢ δ. A. Ag. 376 (lyr.); καὶ δ. καὶ ἀδίκως And. 1.135. I Hippon. 49.6 (cj.), A. Th. 399, etc.: fut. δήξομαι Hp. Nat.Mul. 16, Mul. 1.18 (v.l. δάξεται): pf. δέδηχα Babr. 77: aor. 1 ἔδηξα late, Luc. Asin. 9: aor. 2 (the only tense in Hom.) ἔδᾰκον Batr. 181, Tyrt. 10.32, etc., δάκε Il. 5.493, redupl. δέδακε Revelation 12:15 (Strat.): inf. δακέειν Il. 17.572: — Pass., δάκνομαι Thgn. 910: fut. δηχθήσομαι E. Alc. 1100: aor. ἐδήχθην S. Tr. 254, Ar. Ach. 18, etc.; later ἐδάκην Aret. SD 2.2: pf. δέδηγμαι Ar. Ach. 1, etc.; Dor. δεδαγμένος Pi. P. 8.87, Call. Epigr. 50 codd.: — bite, of dogs, δακέειν μὲν ἀπετρωπῶντο λεόντων Il. 18.585; of a gnat, ἰσχανάᾳ δακέειν 17.572; στόμιον δ. champ the bit, A. Pr. 1009; χεῖλος ὀδοῦσι δακών, as a mark of stern determination, Tyrt.l.c.: abs., δακὼν ἀνάσχου Men. Sam. 141; δ. στόμα bite one's tongue, so as to refrain from speaking, πρὸ τῶν τοιούτων χρὴ λόγων δ. στόμα A. Fr. 397, cf. S. Tr. 976; δ. ἑαυτόν to bite one's lips for fear of laughing, Ar. Ra. 43; so (by a joke παρὰ προσδοκίαν) δ. θυμόν Id. Nu. 1369; δ. χόλον A.R. 3.1170.
II metaph. of pungent smoke and dust, sting, Ar. Ach. 18, Lys. 298, Pl. 822; δ. ὄμματα, of dry winds, Hp. Aph. 3.17.
III of the mind, bite, sting, δάκε δὲ φρένας Ἕκτορι μῦθος Il. 5.493, cf. Hes. Th. 567; ἔδακε λύπη Hdt. 7.16.a'; συμφορὰ δ. A. Pers. 846; λόφοι δὲ κώδωντ' οὐ δάκνουσ' ἄνευ δορός have no sting, Id. Th. 399; σαίνουσα δάκνεις S. Fr. 885; τὸ δάκνον τῆς συμβουλῆς Jul. Or. 7.207d; of love, πάντες οἱ ἐν ὥρᾳ τὸν φιλόπαιδα δάκνουσι Pl. R. 474d: — freq. in Pass., δηχθεῖσα κέντροις.. ἠράσθη E. Hipp. 1303; ἔρωτι δεδαγμένος Call. l.c.; of vexation, δάκνομαι ψυχήν Thgn. 910; συμφορᾷ δεδαγμένοι Pi.l.c.; δέδηγμαι καρδίαν Ar. Ach. 1; ὑπὸ τῆς δαπάνης Id. Numbers 12:1-16; πρός τι, ἐπί τινι, at a thing, S. Ph. 378, X. Cyr. 4.3.3; ὑπὸ τῶν ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ λόγων Pl. Smp. 218a: c. part., ἐδήχθη ἀκούσας X. Cyr. 1.4.13. (Cf.Skt. dáśati 'bite', Goth. tahjan 'tear'.)
δάκνω; to bite;
a. properly, with the teeth.
b. metaphorically, to wound the soul, cut, lacerate, rend with reproaches: Galatians 5:15. So even in Homer, Iliad 5, 493 μῦθος δακε φρενας, Menander quoted in Athen. 12, 77, p. 552 e., and times without number in other authors.
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δάκνω survives in MGr δαγκάνω , also δάκνω , with noun δάγκαμα ";a bite,"; which puts it among words which have not changed in 3000 years. But we cannot quote from Κοινή documents. Vettius Valens p. 127.29 has the noun, θηρίων δακετῶν αἰτίαις .
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Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.