Bible Commentaries
Romans 16

Introduction

Overview

Romans 16:1, Paul wills the brethren to greet many; Romans 16:17, and advises them to take heed of those which cause dissension and offences; Romans 16:21, and after sundry salutations ends with praise and thanks to God.

Verse 1

commend: 2 Corinthians 3:1

our: Matthew 12:50, Mark 10:30, 1 Timothy 5:2, James 2:15, 1 Peter 1:22, 1 Peter 1:23

a servant: Luke 8:3, 1 Timothy 5:9, 1 Timothy 5:10

Cenchrea: Acts 18:18

Reciprocal: Exodus 35:25 - General Proverbs 31:31 - and let Matthew 10:41 - that receiveth a prophet Acts 18:27 - the brethren 1 Corinthians 9:5 - a sister Titus 3:15 - Greet Hebrews 13:24 - Salute 3 John 1:14 - Greet

Verse 2

ye receive: Romans 15:7, Matthew 10:40-42, Matthew 25:40, Philippians 2:29, Colossians 4:10, Philemon 1:12, Philemon 1:17, 2 John 1:10, 3 John 1:5-10

as: Ephesians 5:3, Philippians 1:27, 1 Timothy 2:10, Titus 2:3

for: Romans 16:3, Romans 16:4, Romans 16:6, Romans 16:9, Romans 16:23, Acts 9:36, Acts 9:39, Acts 9:41, Philippians 4:14-19, 2 Timothy 1:18

Reciprocal: 2 Kings 4:13 - thou hast 1 Chronicles 22:17 - all the princes Proverbs 11:16 - gracious Luke 5:7 - that they should Acts 18:27 - the brethren Romans 16:15 - and all 1 Corinthians 16:15 - to the Ephesians 6:1 - in Philippians 4:3 - help

Verse 3

Greet: Had the notes of time in this epistle fixed the writing of it to any date prior to St. Paul's first residence at Corinth, the salutation of Aquila and Priscilla would have contradicted the history, because it would have been prior to his acquaintance with these persons. If they had fixed it during that residence at Corinth, during his journey to Jerusalem, or during his progress through Asia Minor, an equal contradiction would have been incurred because, during all that time, they were either with St. Paul, or abiding at Ephesus. Lastly, had they fixed this epistle to be either contemporary with the first epistle to the Corinthians, or prior to it, a similar contradiction would have ensued, for they were then with St. Paul. As it is, all things are consistent. - See Dr. Paley.

Priscilla: Acts 18:2-17, Acts 18:26, 1 Corinthians 16:19, 2 Timothy 4:19

my: Romans 16:9, 1 Corinthians 16:16

Reciprocal: 1 Chronicles 22:17 - all the princes Acts 15:23 - greeting Romans 16:2 - for Philippians 4:21 - Salute

Verse 4

have: Romans 5:7, John 15:13, Philippians 2:30, 1 John 3:16

laid: Joshua 10:24, 2 Samuel 22:41, Micah 2:3

also: Acts 15:41, Acts 16:5, 1 Corinthians 7:17, 1 Corinthians 16:1, 1 Thessalonians 2:14, Revelation 1:4

Reciprocal: Judges 9:17 - adventured his life Judges 11:36 - forasmuch Judges 12:3 - put 1 Chronicles 11:19 - that have put their lives Esther 4:16 - if I perish Job 16:12 - by my neck Acts 18:2 - Aquila Romans 16:2 - for Romans 16:16 - The 1 Corinthians 16:19 - Aquila 2 Corinthians 8:18 - throughout 2 Corinthians 11:28 - the care 2 Timothy 4:19 - Prisca

Verse 5

the church: Matthew 18:20, 1 Corinthians 16:19, Colossians 4:15, Philemon 1:2

my: Romans 16:8, Romans 16:12, 3 John 1:1

who: Romans 11:16, 1 Corinthians 16:15, James 1:18, Revelation 14:4

Achaia: Romans 15:26, Acts 18:12, Acts 18:27, 2 Corinthians 1:1, 2 Corinthians 9:2

Reciprocal: Deuteronomy 26:2 - That thou shalt Jeremiah 2:3 - the firstfruits 2 Corinthians 11:10 - the regions

Verse 6

who: Romans 16:12, Matthew 27:55, 1 Timothy 5:10

Reciprocal: Exodus 35:25 - General 2 Kings 4:13 - thou hast Proverbs 11:16 - gracious Proverbs 31:31 - and let Romans 16:2 - for 1 Corinthians 16:16 - laboureth 1 Thessalonians 1:3 - and labour

Verse 7

kinsmen: Romans 16:11, Romans 16:21, fellow prisoners, 2 Corinthians 11:23, Colossians 4:10, Philemon 1:23, Revelation 1:9

who: Galatians 2:2, Galatians 2:6

were: Romans 8:1, Isaiah 45:17, Isaiah 45:25, John 6:56, John 14:20, John 15:2, 1 Corinthians 1:30, 2 Corinthians 5:17, 2 Corinthians 5:21, Galatians 1:22, Galatians 5:6, Galatians 6:15, Ephesians 2:10, 1 John 4:13, 1 John 5:20

Reciprocal: Acts 21:16 - an old 2 Corinthians 12:2 - in Christ Philippians 3:9 - in

Verse 8

my: Romans 16:5, Philippians 4:1, 1 John 3:14

Reciprocal: Romans 16:22 - salute

Verse 9

our: Romans 16:2, Romans 16:3, Romans 16:21

Reciprocal: 1 Corinthians 16:16 - helpeth Philippians 4:3 - help

Verse 10

approved: Romans 14:18, Deuteronomy 8:2, 1 Corinthians 11:19, 2 Corinthians 2:9, 2 Corinthians 8:22, Philippians 2:22, 1 Timothy 3:10, 1 Peter 1:7

of: 2 Timothy 4:19

household: or, friends

Reciprocal: 2 Corinthians 6:4 - in all 2 Corinthians 10:18 - approved 2 Corinthians 13:7 - approved 2 Timothy 2:15 - approved 3 John 1:14 - Our

Verse 11

Reciprocal: Romans 16:7 - kinsmen Romans 16:21 - my kinsmen 1 Corinthians 1:30 - in 2 Corinthians 5:17 - be 3 John 1:14 - Our

Verse 12

labour: Matthew 9:38, 1 Corinthians 15:10, 1 Corinthians 15:58, 1 Corinthians 16:16, Colossians 1:29, Colossians 4:12, 1 Thessalonians 1:3, 1 Thessalonians 5:12, 1 Thessalonians 5:13, 1 Timothy 4:10, 1 Timothy 5:17, 1 Timothy 5:18, Hebrews 6:10, Hebrews 6:11

Reciprocal: Exodus 35:25 - General Proverbs 31:31 - and let Acts 15:25 - our Romans 16:5 - my Romans 16:6 - who Philippians 4:3 - help Revelation 2:3 - hast laboured

Verse 13

Rufus: Mark 15:21

chosen: Matthew 20:16, John 15:16, Ephesians 1:4, 2 Thessalonians 2:13, 2 John 1:1

his: Matthew 12:49, Matthew 12:50, Mark 3:35, John 19:27, 1 Timothy 5:2

Reciprocal: Judges 5:7 - a mother

Verse 14

and: Romans 8:29, Colossians 1:2, Hebrews 3:1, 1 Peter 1:22, 1 Peter 1:23

Verse 15

and all: Romans 16:2, Romans 1:7, Isaiah 60:21, Ephesians 1:1, 1 Peter 1:2

Reciprocal: 1 Corinthians 16:19 - the church

Verse 16

with: Acts 20:37, 1 Corinthians 16:20, 2 Corinthians 13:12, 1 Thessalonians 5:26, 1 Peter 5:14

The: Romans 16:4

Reciprocal: Genesis 29:11 - kissed Genesis 29:13 - kissed Luke 7:45 - gavest Acts 20:1 - embraced 2 Corinthians 13:13 - General Philippians 4:22 - the

Verse 17

mark: Philippians 3:17, 2 Thessalonians 3:14, 2 Thessalonians 3:15

cause: Acts 15:1-5, Acts 15:24, 1 Corinthians 1:10-13, 1 Corinthians 3:3, 1 Corinthians 11:18, Galatians 1:7-9, Galatians 2:4, Philippians 3:2, Philippians 3:3, Colossians 2:8, 2 Peter 2:1, 2 Peter 2:2, 1 John 2:19, 2 John 1:7-10, Jude 1:19

offences: Matthew 18:7, Luke 17:1

and: Matthew 18:17, 1 Corinthians 5:9-11, 2 Thessalonians 3:6, 2 Thessalonians 3:14, 1 Timothy 6:3-5, 2 Timothy 3:5, Titus 3:10, 2 John 1:10, 2 John 1:11

Reciprocal: 1 Kings 13:9 - Eat no bread Proverbs 6:14 - soweth Proverbs 28:10 - causeth Matthew 7:15 - which Matthew 13:27 - whence Matthew 13:41 - and they Mark 9:42 - offend Romans 14:13 - put 1 Corinthians 3:12 - wood 1 Corinthians 5:11 - called 1 Corinthians 14:6 - doctrine 2 Corinthians 11:20 - take Ephesians 4:14 - tossed Ephesians 5:11 - no Philippians 1:10 - without Philippians 1:15 - even Philippians 2:14 - disputings 2 Thessalonians 2:15 - the traditions 1 Timothy 4:16 - unto the 1 Timothy 6:5 - from 2 Timothy 3:10 - my Titus 1:10 - there Hebrews 13:9 - carried James 3:6 - a world

Verse 18

serve: Matthew 6:24, John 12:26, Galatians 1:10, Philippians 2:21, Colossians 3:24, James 1:1, Jude 1:1, Revelation 1:1

but: 1 Samuel 2:12-17, 1 Samuel 2:29, Isaiah 56:10-12, Ezekiel 13:19, Hosea 4:8-11, Micah 3:5, Malachi 1:10, Matthew 24:48-51, Philippians 3:19, 1 Timothy 6:5, 2 Peter 2:10-15, Jude 1:12

by: 2 Chronicles 18:5, 2 Chronicles 18:12-17, Isaiah 30:10, Isaiah 30:11, Jeremiah 8:10, Jeremiah 8:11, Jeremiah 23:17, Jeremiah 28:1-9, Jeremiah 28:15-17, Ezekiel 13:16, Micah 3:5, Matthew 7:15, Matthew 24:11, Matthew 24:24, 2 Corinthians 2:17, 2 Corinthians 4:2, 2 Corinthians 11:13-15, Colossians 2:4, 2 Thessalonians 2:10, 1 Timothy 6:5, 2 Timothy 2:16-18, 2 Timothy 3:2-6, Titus 1:10-12, 2 Peter 2:3, 2 Peter 2:18-20, 1 John 4:1-3, Jude 1:16

the simple: Romans 16:19, Psalms 19:7, Psalms 119:130, Proverbs 8:5, Proverbs 14:15, Proverbs 22:3, 2 Corinthians 11:3

Reciprocal: Numbers 22:7 - rewards of divination Numbers 23:12 - General 1 Samuel 2:15 - General 2 Samuel 15:6 - stole 2 Samuel 15:11 - their simplicity 1 Kings 13:18 - But Psalms 12:2 - flattering Proverbs 1:10 - General Proverbs 7:7 - the simple Proverbs 20:19 - flattereth Proverbs 28:10 - causeth Proverbs 28:21 - for Proverbs 29:5 - spreadeth Proverbs 30:15 - Give Jeremiah 29:8 - Let Ezekiel 12:24 - General Ezekiel 13:4 - like Ezekiel 34:2 - Woe Ezekiel 45:20 - every one Daniel 11:34 - cleave Hosea 7:14 - assemble Hosea 10:11 - and loveth Amos 7:12 - eat Micah 2:11 - I will Matthew 10:16 - harmless Matthew 13:41 - and they Matthew 18:17 - let Matthew 24:49 - and to Luke 6:26 - when Luke 12:45 - to eat John 6:26 - Ye seek John 10:1 - the same Romans 1:1 - a servant Romans 14:18 - in 1 Corinthians 2:1 - with 1 Corinthians 2:4 - not 2 Corinthians 1:12 - simplicity 2 Corinthians 7:2 - we have wronged 2 Corinthians 11:20 - take Galatians 1:7 - but Galatians 4:17 - zealously Ephesians 4:14 - tossed Philippians 1:15 - even Colossians 2:18 - no 1 Thessalonians 2:5 - a cloak 1 Timothy 3:3 - not covetous 1 Timothy 4:2 - lies 2 Timothy 3:4 - lovers of God 2 Timothy 3:5 - from 2 Timothy 3:8 - men Titus 1:12 - liars Hebrews 13:9 - carried James 3:6 - a world 2 Peter 2:14 - beguiling 2 Peter 3:17 - being 2 John 1:10 - come Revelation 12:9 - deceiveth Revelation 13:11 - and he had

Verse 19

obedience: Romans 1:8, 1 Thessalonians 1:8, 1 Thessalonians 1:9

I am: Ephesians 1:15-17, Colossians 1:3-9, 1 Thessalonians 1:2, 1 Thessalonians 1:3, 1 Thessalonians 3:6-10

yet: 1 Kings 3:9-12, Psalms 101:2, Isaiah 11:2, Isaiah 11:3, Matthew 10:16, 1 Corinthians 14:20, Ephesians 1:17, Ephesians 1:18, Ephesians 5:17, Philippians 1:9, Colossians 1:9, Colossians 3:16, 2 Timothy 3:15-17, James 3:13-18

simple: or, harmless, Luke 10:3, Philippians 2:15

Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 15:11 - their simplicity 1 Chronicles 4:10 - that thou Psalms 116:6 - preserveth Psalms 119:130 - it giveth Proverbs 7:7 - the simple Proverbs 13:16 - prudent Proverbs 14:15 - simple Proverbs 16:21 - wise Ecclesiastes 10:10 - wisdom Jeremiah 4:22 - they are wise Ezekiel 45:20 - every one Romans 1:14 - both to Romans 16:18 - the simple 2 Corinthians 1:12 - simplicity 2 Corinthians 11:3 - the simplicity Colossians 2:4 - lest Colossians 4:5 - Walk 1 Peter 1:2 - unto 1 John 4:1 - try

Verse 20

the God: Romans 15:33

shall: Genesis 3:15, Isaiah 25:8-12, Romans 8:37, Hebrews 2:14, Hebrews 2:15, 1 John 3:8, Revelation 12:10, Revelation 20:1-3

bruise: or, tread, Job 40:12, Isaiah 63:3, Zechariah 10:5, Malachi 4:3, Luke 10:19

The grace: Romans 16:24, 1 Corinthians 16:2-4, 2 Corinthians 13:14, Galatians 6:18, Philippians 4:23, 1 Thessalonians 5:28, 2 Thessalonians 3:18, 2 Timothy 4:22, Philemon 1:25, Revelation 22:21

Reciprocal: Numbers 23:23 - no enchantment Deuteronomy 33:27 - thrust Joshua 10:24 - put your feet Psalms 44:5 - tread Psalms 91:13 - adder Psalms 108:13 - tread Isaiah 16:4 - oppressors Isaiah 26:6 - General Isaiah 65:25 - dust Jeremiah 15:21 - deliver Zechariah 3:2 - the Lord said Mark 3:27 - General Mark 5:7 - that Mark 16:18 - shall take Luke 10:17 - General John 16:11 - the Acts 2:35 - thy foes Acts 28:5 - felt 1 Corinthians 16:23 - General 2 Corinthians 13:11 - the God Ephesians 2:5 - grace ye Philippians 4:9 - the God Colossians 4:18 - Grace 1 Thessalonians 5:23 - God 2 Thessalonians 3:16 - the Lord of 1 Timothy 1:14 - the grace 1 Timothy 6:21 - Grace Hebrews 10:29 - trodden Hebrews 13:20 - the God Hebrews 13:25 - General Revelation 12:9 - and Satan Revelation 12:11 - they overcame Revelation 20:2 - he laid

Verse 21

Timotheus: Acts 16:1-3, Acts 17:14, Acts 18:5, Acts 19:22, Acts 20:4, 2 Corinthians 1:1, 2 Corinthians 1:19, Colossians 1:1, Philippians 1:1, Philippians 2:19-23, 1 Thessalonians 1:1, 1 Thessalonians 3:2, 1 Thessalonians 3:6, 2 Thessalonians 1:1, 1 Timothy 1:2, 1 Timothy 6:11, 1 Timothy 6:20, 2 Timothy 1:2, Hebrews 13:23

Lucius: Acts 13:1

Jason: Acts 17:5

Sosipater: Acts 20:4, Sopater

my kinsmen: Romans 16:7, Romans 16:11

Reciprocal: Romans 16:9 - our 1 Corinthians 16:10 - for 1 Corinthians 16:20 - the brethren 2 Corinthians 13:13 - General Philippians 4:21 - The Colossians 4:10 - saluteth 2 Timothy 4:21 - and all Titus 3:15 - with me Hebrews 13:24 - They

Verse 22

who: Galatians 6:11

salute: Romans 16:8, Colossians 3:17

Reciprocal: Jeremiah 36:4 - wrote Jeremiah 36:32 - who Philippians 4:21 - The

Verse 23

Gaius: 1 Corinthians 1:14, 3 John 1:1-6

Erastus: Acts 19:22, 2 Timothy 4:20

the chamberlain: Or, as the Vulgate renders, arcarius civitatis, "the treasurer (or steward, ןיךןםןלןע [Strong's G3623],) of the city;" he to whom the receipt and expenditure of the public money were entrusted.

Reciprocal: Matthew 10:41 - that receiveth a prophet Matthew 25:35 - I was a Luke 10:35 - the host Acts 16:15 - come Acts 19:29 - Gaius Acts 20:4 - Gaius Romans 16:2 - for 1 Corinthians 16:20 - the brethren Hebrews 13:2 - not 1 Peter 4:9 - hospitality

Verse 24

Romans 16:20, 1 Thessalonians 5:28

Reciprocal: Romans 15:33 - be 1 Corinthians 16:23 - General 2 Corinthians 13:14 - The grace Galatians 6:18 - the grace Philippians 4:23 - General Colossians 4:18 - Grace 2 Thessalonians 3:18 - General 1 Timothy 6:21 - Grace Philemon 1:25 - grace Hebrews 13:25 - General Revelation 22:21 - General

Verse 25

to him: Romans 14:4, Acts 20:32, Ephesians 3:20, Ephesians 3:21, 1 Thessalonians 3:13, 2 Thessalonians 2:16, 2 Thessalonians 2:17, 2 Thessalonians 3:3, Hebrews 7:25, 1 Peter 5:10, Jude 1:24, Jude 1:25

my gospel: Romans 2:16, 2 Corinthians 4:3, Galatians 2:2, 2 Thessalonians 2:14, 2 Timothy 2:8

and the: Acts 9:20, 1 Corinthians 1:23, 1 Corinthians 2:2, 2 Corinthians 4:5

to the: 1 Corinthians 2:7, Ephesians 1:9, Colossians 1:26, Colossians 1:27

which: Psalms 78:2, Daniel 2:22, Amos 3:7, Matthew 13:17, Matthew 13:35, Luke 10:23, Luke 10:24, Ephesians 3:3-5, Ephesians 3:9, Ephesians 3:11, 1 Peter 1:10-12, 1 Peter 1:20

Reciprocal: Numbers 9:10 - be unclean Deuteronomy 29:29 - secret Deuteronomy 30:11 - it is not hidden Job 11:6 - show thee Job 15:8 - the secret Psalms 7:9 - but Isaiah 48:6 - showed Isaiah 52:15 - for Matthew 11:11 - greater Matthew 13:11 - mysteries Matthew 20:7 - Because Matthew 24:14 - shall be Luke 8:10 - Unto John 15:15 - all Acts 10:11 - and a Acts 16:5 - so Romans 1:1 - the gospel Romans 1:11 - to the Romans 10:14 - and how shall Romans 11:25 - this 1 Corinthians 1:8 - confirm 1 Corinthians 4:1 - mysteries 1 Corinthians 13:2 - understand 1 Corinthians 14:2 - howbeit 2 Corinthians 1:21 - stablisheth 2 Corinthians 10:14 - the gospel Ephesians 3:5 - in other Ephesians 4:10 - fill Colossians 1:28 - Whom Colossians 2:2 - understanding Colossians 2:7 - stablished 1 Timothy 3:16 - the mystery 1 Timothy 6:16 - to whom 2 Timothy 1:8 - according 2 Timothy 1:9 - before 2 Timothy 4:17 - by Titus 1:2 - before 1 John 1:2 - was manifested Revelation 1:1 - Revelation Revelation 10:7 - the mystery Revelation 14:6 - preach

Verse 26

now: Ephesians 1:9, Colossians 1:26, 2 Timothy 1:10, Titus 1:2, Titus 1:3

and by: Romans 1:2, Romans 3:21, Romans 15:4, Acts 8:32-35, Acts 10:43, Acts 26:22, Acts 26:23, Galatians 3:8, Ephesians 2:20, Revelation 19:10

according: Matthew 28:19, Matthew 28:20, Mark 16:15, Luke 24:44-47, Acts 13:46, Acts 13:47, Acts 26:17, Acts 26:18

everlasting: Romans 1:20, Genesis 21:33, Deuteronomy 33:27, Isaiah 9:6, Isaiah 40:28, Micah 5:2, 1 Timothy 1:17, Hebrews 9:14, Hebrews 13:8, 1 John 5:20, Revelation 1:8-11, Revelation 1:17

for the: Romans 1:5, Romans 15:18, Acts 6:7

Reciprocal: Numbers 9:10 - be unclean Deuteronomy 26:18 - keep Deuteronomy 29:29 - secret Deuteronomy 30:11 - it is not hidden Job 11:6 - show thee Job 15:8 - the secret Psalms 18:43 - a people Psalms 22:27 - turn Isaiah 42:4 - and the isles Isaiah 48:6 - showed Isaiah 52:15 - for Isaiah 66:18 - that I Jeremiah 7:23 - Obey Ezekiel 11:20 - they may Daniel 2:22 - revealeth Zechariah 6:15 - And this Matthew 11:11 - greater Matthew 13:35 - I will utter Matthew 13:38 - field Matthew 24:14 - shall be Mark 1:15 - believe John 15:15 - all John 17:20 - for them Acts 10:11 - and a Acts 22:21 - for Romans 6:17 - but ye Romans 10:14 - and how shall Romans 10:16 - obeyed 1 Corinthians 2:7 - even 2 Corinthians 9:13 - professed 2 Corinthians 10:5 - the obedience Galatians 5:7 - obey Ephesians 3:9 - to Ephesians 4:10 - fill Colossians 1:6 - is come 1 Thessalonians 1:3 - your 2 Thessalonians 1:8 - and that 1 Timothy 2:6 - in 2 Timothy 3:15 - the holy 2 Timothy 4:17 - by 1 Peter 1:2 - unto 1 Peter 1:20 - verily 1 John 1:2 - was manifested

Verse 27

God: Romans 11:36, Galatians 1:4, Galatians 1:5, Ephesians 3:20, Ephesians 3:21, Philippians 4:20, 1 Timothy 1:17, 1 Timothy 6:16, 2 Timothy 4:18, Hebrews 13:15, Hebrews 13:21, 1 Peter 2:5, 1 Peter 5:10, 1 Peter 5:11, 2 Peter 3:18, Revelation 1:5, Revelation 1:6, Revelation 4:9-11, Revelation 5:9-14, Revelation 7:10-12, Revelation 19:1-6

only: Romans 11:33, Romans 11:34, Psalms 147:5, Ephesians 1:7, Ephesians 1:8, Ephesians 3:10, Colossians 2:2, Colossians 2:3, Jude 1:25

Reciprocal: Romans 6:11 - through 2 Corinthians 13:14 - Amen 1 Peter 4:11 - to whom Revelation 5:13 - blessing