Baruch 10:1

Clementine Latin Vulgate

Et vidi : et ecce in firmamento quod erat super caput cherubim, quasi lapis sapphirus, quasi species similitudinis solii, apparuit super ea.

Parallel Translations

Jerome's Latin Vulgate (405)
Anno tertio Cyri regis Persarum, verbum revelatum est Danieli cognomento Baltassar, et verbum verum, et fortitudo magna: intellexitque sermonem: intelligentia enim est opus in visione.

Nova Vulgata (1979)
Anno tertio Cyri regis Per sarum verbum revelatum est Danieli cognomento Baltassar, et verum verbum et acies magna; intellexitque sermonem, intellegentia enim fuit ei in visione.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

am 3470, bc 534

Cyrus: Daniel 1:21, Daniel 6:28, 2 Chronicles 36:22, 2 Chronicles 36:23, Ezra 1:1, Ezra 1:2, Ezra 1:7, Ezra 1:8, Ezra 3:7, Ezra 4:3, Ezra 4:5, Ezra 5:13-17, Ezra 6:3, Ezra 6:14, Isaiah 44:28, Isaiah 45:1

whose: Daniel 1:7, Daniel 4:8, Daniel 5:12

and the: Daniel 8:26, Daniel 11:2, Genesis 41:32, Luke 1:20, Revelation 19:9

but: Daniel 10:14, Daniel 12:4, Daniel 12:9

long: Heb. great

and he: Daniel 1:17, Daniel 2:21, Daniel 5:17, Daniel 8:16, Daniel 9:22, Daniel 9:23

Reciprocal: Genesis 15:1 - in Genesis 49:1 - Gather 2 Chronicles 26:5 - had Daniel 11:27 - yet Daniel 11:29 - time Daniel 11:35 - even Habakkuk 2:3 - the vision Ephesians 1:17 - revelation Titus 1:3 - in 1 Peter 1:12 - it

Gill's Notes on the Bible

In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia,.... Not of his being king of Persia only, but of the Medopersian empire, after he had subdued the Babylonian empire, and annexed it to his dominions; and this is not to be reckoned from the time of his taking Babylon, and putting the government of it into the hands of his uncle Darius, with whom he jointly reigned; but from the time of his uncle's death, when he was sole monarch of the whole empire: he reigned thirty years, as Cicero t, from a Persian writer, relates; which is to be reckoned from the time of his being appointed by his uncle commander-in-chief of the Persian and Median armies; for from his taking of Babylon to his death were but nine years; and so many years the canon of Ptolemy assigns to his reign, taking in the two years he reigned with his uncle; for from his being sole monarch, after the death of Cyaxares, or Darius the Mede his uncle, were but seven years; which, according to Xenophon u, is the whole of his reign, who reckons it from thence; and it was in the third of these that Daniel had the visions contained in this and the two following chapters; which, according to Bishop Usher w, and Dean Prideaux x, was in the year of the world 3470 A.M. and 534 B.C. Mr. Bedford y places it in the year 533 B.C.: how long Daniel lived after this is not certain; very probably he died quickly after, since he must be in a very advanced age; for the third year of Cyrus being the seventy third of his captivity, as Dean Prideaux z observes; and if he was eighteen years of age, as that learned man thinks is the least that can be supposed at the time of his carrying into Babylon, he must have been in the ninety first year of his age at this time; or if he was but fifteen years of age at that time, which is the opinion of Aben Ezra on Daniel 1:4, he must be in the third year of Cyrus eighty eight years of age. The Dutch annotators observe, that Daniel lived in the court of Babylon above seventy seven years, which will carry his age to a greater length still. Jarchi on Daniel 1:21 asserts Daniel to be the same with Hatach in Esther 4:5 and so the Targum on that place, who lived in the times of Ahasuerus, supposed to be Xerxes: now between the third of Cyrus, and the beginning of Xerxes's reign, is mentioned a space of seventy one years, which, added to the least number eighty eight before given, will make Daniel now to be one hundred and fifty nine years old, when Ahasuerus or Xerxes began his reign; which is not only an age unfit for such business Hatach was employed in; but agrees not with the period in which Daniel lived, when it was not usual for men to live so long, and must be exploded as fabulous:

a thing was revealed unto Daniel; a secret, which he otherwise could never have known; and which was a singular favour to him, and showed him to be a friend of God, a favourite of his; and this respected the Persian and Grecian monarchies; the various kings of Egypt and Syria, and what should befall them; and the times of Antiochus, and the troubles the Jews would have through him:

(whose name was called Belteshazzar); a name given him by the prince of the eunuchs; see Daniel 1:7:

and the thing was true; was not a false vision, a mere fancy of the brain, an empty conjecture, a delusion of the mind, like the divination and soothsaying of the Gentiles, but a real thing, that was sure and certain, and would be fulfilled, and might be depended upon: but the time appointed was long; ere the whole would be accomplished; for it reached to the times of Antiochus, three hundred years after this, yea, to the resurrection of the dead, and the end of all things: or, "a great host", or "army" a; a vast appearance of things were represented to him; not a host of angels, as Saadiah; but a vast number of facts, like an army of them, and which respected armies and battles; or it may denote the force, power, and efficacy of the word that was true, which should not fail, but be certainly fulfilled:

and he understood the thing, and had understanding of the vision; that is, Daniel understood "the word" b, or words of the prophecy, in which it was expressed; they were clear and plain, and not obscure, dark, and doubtful; and he had a clear view of each of the parts of it, of the whole series of things, the connection of facts, and their dependence on one another, and their certain accomplishment; he saw them in their order, as they were presented to him in vision and prophecy; and was not at any loss about the meaning of any part of them, or the words by which they were signified.

t De Divinatione, l. 1. u Cyropaedia, l. 8. c. 45. w Annales Vet. Test. A. M. 3470. x Connexion, c. par. 1. p. 161, 162. y Scripture Chronology, p. 718. z Ut supra. (Connexion, &c. par. 1. p. 161, 162) a וצבא גדול "et militia magna", Pagninus, Montanus, Gejerus "militia seu belligeratio ingens", Michaelis. b את הדבר "verbum", Pagninus, Montanus, Munster.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

In the third year of Cyrus, king of Persia - In regard to Cyrus, see the notes at Isaiah 41:2. In Daniel 1:21, it is said that “Daniel continued even unto the first year of king Cyrus.” But it is not necessarily implied in that passage that he “died” then. It may mean only that he continued in authority, and was employed, in various ways, as a public officer, until that time. See the note at that passage. For anything that appears, he may have lived several years after, though, for causes now unknown, he may have retired from the court after the accession of Cyrus. This vision may have occurred when he was no longer a public officer, though the whole narrative leads us to suppose that he had not lost his interest in the affairs of the Jewish people. He may have retired on account of age, though his declining years would be naturally devoted to the welfare of his people, and he would embrace any opportunity which he might have of doing them good.

A thing was revealed unto Daniel - A revelation was made to him. The occasion on which it was done is stated in the next verse. It was when he was earnestly engaged in prayer for his people, and when his mind was deeply anxious in regard to their condition.

Whose name was called Belteshazzar - See the notes at Daniel 1:7. The name Belteshazzar was probably that by which he was known in Babylon, and as this prophecy was perhaps published in his own time, the use of this name would serve to identify the author. The name “Daniel” would have been sufficient to give it currency and authority among his own countrymen.

And the thing was true - That is, it would be certainly accomplished. This expresses the deep conviction of the writer that what was revealed in this vision would certainly come to pass. In his own mind there was no doubt that it would be so, though the time extended through many years, and though it could not be expected that it would be complete until long after his own death. Perhaps the declaration here is designed to bring the weight of his own authority and his well-known character to pledge his own word, that what is here said would be accomplished; or, as we should say, to stake his veracity as a prophet and a man, on the fulfillment of what he had affirmed. Such an assertion might be of great use in consoling the minds of the Jews in the troubles that were to come upon their nation.

But the time appointed was long - Margin, “great.” There is considerable variety in the translation and interpretation of this passage. The Latin Vulgate renders it, “fortitudo magna.” The Greek, “And the power was great.” The Syriac, “And the discourse was apprehended with great effort, but he understood the vision.” Luther, “And it was of great matters.” Lengerke, “And the misery (Elend) is great;” that is, the distress of the people. Bertholdt renders it, “Whose contents pertained to great wars.” This variety of interpretation arises from the word rendered in our version “the time appointed” - צבא tsâbâ'. This word properly means an army, host, as going forth to war; then the host of angels, of the stars, and hence, God is so often called “Jehovah of hosts.” Then the word means warfare, military service, a hard service, a season of affliction or calamity. See the notes at Job 7:1. It seems to me that this is the meaning here, and that Gesenius (Lexicon) has correctly expressed the idea: “And true is the edict, and “relates to long warfare;” that is, to many calamities to be endured.” It was not a thing to be soon accomplished, nor did it pertain to peaceful and easy times, but it had reference to the calamities, the evils, and the hardships of wars - wars attended with the evils to which they are usually incident, and which were to be conducted on a great scale. This interpretation will accord with the details in the following chapters.

And he understood the thing ... - This seems to be said in contradistinction to what had occurred on some other occasions when the meaning of the vision which he saw was concealed from him. Of this he says he had full understanding. The prophecy was, in fact, more clearly expressed than had been usual in the revelations made to Daniel, for this is almost entirely a historical narrative, and there could be little doubt as to its meaning.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

CHAPTER X

This and the two following chapters give an account of Daniel's

last vision, wherein the succession of the Persian and Grecian

monarchies is described, together with the wars that should

take place between Syria and Egypt under the latter monarchy.

The last part of the vision (from Daniel 11:36)

seems to relate chiefly to the persecutions of the Church in

the times of Antichrist, till it be purified from all its

pollutions; after which will follow that glorious kingdom of

the saints spoken of in the seventh and eighth chapters. This

chapter begins with an account of Daniel's fasting and

humiliation, 1-3.

Then we have a description of the Divine person who appeared to

the prophet, not unlike him who appeared to the apostle in the

isle of Patmos, 4-21. See Revelation 1:10-16.

NOTES ON CHAP. X

Verse Daniel 10:1. In the third year of Cyrus — Which answers to the first year of Darius the Mede.

The time appointed was long — וצבא גדול vetsaba gadol, but the warfare long; there will be many contentions and wars before these things can be accomplished.