the Second Week after Easter
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King James Version
Matthew 22:24
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“Teacher, Moses said, if a man dies, having no children, his brother is to marry his wife and raise up offspring for his brother.
Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, hauing no children, his brother shall marrie his wife, and raise vp seed vnto his brother.
saying, "Teacher, Moses said, ‘If a man dies having no children, his brother must marry the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.'
saying, "Teacher, Moses said, 'If a man dies having no children, his brother as next of kin shall marry his wife, and raise up children for his brother.'
They said, "Teacher, Moses said if a married man dies without having children, his brother must marry the widow and have children for him.
saying, "Teacher, Moses said, 'IF A MAN DIES, LEAVING NO CHILDREN, HIS BROTHER AS NEXT OF KIN SHALL MARRY HIS WIDOW, AND RAISE CHILDREN FOR HIS BROTHER.'
asking, "Teacher, Moses said, 'IF A MAN DIES HAVING NO CHILDREN, HIS BROTHER AS NEXT OF KIN SHALL MARRY HIS WIFE, AND RAISE UP CHILDREN FOR HIS BROTHER.'
saying, "Teacher, Moses said, ‘If a man dies having no children, his brother as next of kin shall marry his wife and raise up a seed for his brother.'
"Teacher," they said, "Moses declared that if a man dies without having children, his brother is to marry the widow and raise up offspring for him.
Teacher, Moses wrote that if a married man dies and has no children, his brother should marry the widow. Their first son would then be thought of as the son of the dead brother.
"Rabbi, Moshe said, ‘If a man dies childless, his brother must marry his widow and have children to preserve the man's family line.'
saying, Teacher, Moses said, If any one die, not having children, his brother shall marry his wife and shall raise up seed to his brother.
They said, "Teacher, Moses told us that if a married man dies and had no children, his brother must marry the woman. Then they will have children for the dead brother.
Saying, Master, Moses sayd, If a man die, hauing no children, his brother shall marie his wife by the right of alliance, and raise vp seede vnto his brother.
And said to him, Teacher, Moses has told us, If a man die without sons, let his brother take his wife, and raise up offspring for his brother.
"Teacher," they said, "Moses said that if a man who has no children dies, his brother must marry the widow so that they can have children who will be considered the dead man's children.
saying, "Teacher, Moses said if someone dies without having children, his brother is to marry his wife and father descendants for his brother.
saying, Teacher, Moses said, If any should die not having children, his brother shall marry his wife, and shall raise up seed to his brother. Deut. 25:5
saying, Teacher, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
Master, Moses said, If a man, at the time of his death, has no children, let his brother take his wife, and get a family for his brother;
saying, "Teacher, Moshe said, 'If a man dies, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed for his brother.'
"Teacher, Moses said, 'If a man dies having no children, his brother must marry the widow and have children for his brother.'Deuteronomy 25:5-6">[fn]Deuteronomy 25:5;">[xr]
saying to him, Doctor, Musha has said to us that if a man die having no children, his brother shall take his wife and raise up seed unto his brother.
and said to him: Teacher; Moses commanded us, that if a man should die childless, his brother must take his wife and raise up seed to his brother.
Saying: Maister, Moyses sayde, that if a man dye, hauing no childre, his brother shoulde mary his wyfe, and rayse vp seede vnto his brother.
saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
saying, "Teacher, Moses said, 'If a man dies, having no children, his brother will marry his wife, and raise up seed for his brother.'
Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die having no children, his brother shall marry his wife and raise up seed to his brother.
"Teacher," they said, "Moses enjoined, `If a man die childless, his brother shall marry his widow, and raise up a family for him.'
and seiden, Mayster, Moises seide, if ony man is deed, not hauynge a sone, that his brother wedde his wijf, and reise seed to his brothir.
saying, Teacher, Moses said, If a man dies, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed to his brother.
Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man shall die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed to his brother.
"Teacher, Moses said, ‘ If a man dies without having children, his brother must marry the widow and father children for his brother .'
saying: "Teacher, Moses said that if a man dies, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife and raise up offspring for his brother.
"Teacher, Moses said, ‘If a man dies without children, his brother should marry the widow and have a child who will carry on the brother's name.'
"Teacher, Moses said, ‘If a man should die without having children, then his brother must marry his wife. He should have children for his brother.'
"Teacher, Moses said, ‘If a man dies childless, his brother shall marry the widow, and raise up children for his brother.'
saying - Teacher! Moses, said, If any man die not having children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
Saying: Master, Moses said: If a man die having no son, his brother shall marry his wife and raise up issue to his brother.
saying, "Teacher, Moses said, 'If a man dies, having no children, his brother must marry the widow, and raise up children for his brother.'
sayinge: Master Moses bade yf a man dye havinge no chyldre that the brother mary his wyfe and reyse vp seed vnto his brother.
`Teacher, Moses said, If any one may die not having children, his brother shall marry his wife, and shall raise up seed to his brother.
and sayde: Master, Moses sayde: Yf a man dye, hauynge no children, his brother shal mary his wife, & rayse vp sede vnto his brother.
master, said they, by the law of Moses, in case a man die without children, his brother is oblig'd to marry his wife, in order to perpetuate his brother's name.
"Moses said that if a man dies without having any kids, the dead cowboy's brother needs to marry his brother's wife, and if they have a son, the son will be considered the dead brother's son.
Contextual Overview
Bible Verse Review
from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge
Master: Matthew 22:16, Matthew 22:36, Matthew 7:21, Luke 6:46
Moses: Genesis 38:8, Genesis 38:11, Deuteronomy 25:5-10, Ruth 1:11, Mark 12:19, Luke 20:28
Reciprocal: Leviticus 18:16 - General Ruth 3:13 - if he will Ruth 4:5 - to raise up Matthew 14:6 - the daughter Luke 20:33 - General Acts 4:1 - the Sadducees Hebrews 1:3 - sat
Cross-References
And Sarai Abram's wife took Hagar her maid the Egyptian, after Abram had dwelt ten years in the land of Canaan, and gave her to her husband Abram to be his wife.
But unto the sons of the concubines, which Abraham had, Abraham gave gifts, and sent them away from Isaac his son, while he yet lived, eastward, unto the east country.
The Lord will destroy the house of the proud: but he will establish the border of the widow.
Gill's Notes on the Bible
Saying, master,.... Rabbi, or doctor, as he was usually called;
Moses said, in Deuteronomy 25:5
if a man die having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother; which, though not expressed in the self same words, yet is the sense of the passage referred to, and was a practice in use before the times of Moses, as appears from the case of Er and Onan; the design of which was, to preserve families, and keep their inheritances distinct and entire. This law only took place, when a man died without children; for if he left any children, there was no need for his brother to marry his wife; yea, as a Jewish writer observes x, she was forbidden, it was not lawful for him to marry her, and was the case if he had children of either sex, or even grandchildren: for as another of their commentators notes y, his having no child, regards a son or a daughter, or a son's son, or a daughter's son, or a daughter's daughter; and it was the eldest of the brethren, or he that was next in years to the deceased, that was obliged by this law z, though not if he had a wife of his own; and accordingly in the following case proposed, each of the brethren married the eldest brother's wife in their turn, according to the course of seniority; and by this law, the first child that was born after such marriage, was reckoned the seed of the deceased, and was heir to his inheritance. The Jews in their Misna, or oral law, have a whole tract on this subject, called Yebamot, which contains various rules and directions, for the right observance of this law.
x Aben Ezra in Deut. xxv. 5. y Jarchi in ib. Vid. Maimon. Hilch. Yebum, c. 1. sect. 3. z Jarchi in Deut. xxv. 5. Misn. Yebamot, c. 2. sect. 8. & 4, 5. Maimon. Hilch. Yebum, c. 2. sect. 6.
Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Conversation of Jesus with the Sadducees respecting the resurrection - See also Mark 12:18-27; Luke 20:27-38.
Matthew 22:23
The same day came the Sadducees - For an account of the Sadducees, see the notes at Matthew 3:7.
No resurrection - The word âresurrectionâ usually means the raising up the âbodyâ to life after it is dead, John 11:24; John 5:29; 1 Corinthians 15:22. But the Sadducees not only denied this, but also a future state, and the separate existence of the soul after death altogether, as well as the existence of angels and spirits, Acts 23:8. Both these doctrines have commonly stood or fallen together, and the answer of our Saviour respects both, though it more distinctly refers âto the separate existence of the soul, and to a future state of rewards and punishments,â than to the resurrection of the body.
Matthew 22:24
Saying, Master, Moses said ... - Deuteronomy 25:5-6. This law was given by Moses in order to keep the families and tribes of the Israelites distinct, and to perpetuate them.
Raise up seed unto his brother - That is, the children shall be reckoned in the genealogy of the deceased brother; or, to all civil purposes, shall be considered as his.
Matthew 22:25-28
There were with us seven brethren - It is probable that they stated a case as difficult as possible; and though no such case might have occurred, yet it was supposable, and in their view it presented a real difficulty.
The difficulty arose from the fact, that they supposed that, substantially, the same state of things must take place in the other world as here; that if there is such a world, husbands and wives must be there reunited; and they professed not to be able to see how one woman could be the wife of seven men.
Matthew 22:29
Ye do err, not knowing ... - They had taken a wrong view of the doctrine of the resurrection.
It was not taught that people would marry there. The âScriptures,â here, mean the books of the Old Testament. By appealing to them, Jesus showed that the doctrine of the future state was there, and that the Sadducees should have believed it as it was, and not have added the absurd doctrine to it that people must live there as they do here. The way in which the enemies of the truth often attempt to make a doctrine of the Bible ridiculous is by adding to it, and then calling it absurd. The reason why the Saviour produced a passage from the books of Moses Matthew 22:32 was that they had also appealed to his writings, Matthew 22:24. Other places of the Old Testament, in fact, asserted the doctrine more clearly Daniel 12:2; Isaiah 26:19, but he wished to meet them on their own ground. None of those scriptures asserted that people would live there as they do here, and therefore their reasoning was false.
Nor the power of God - They probably denied, as many have done since, that God could gather the scattered dust of the dead and remould it into a body. On this ground they affirmed that the doctrine could not be true - opposing reason to revelation, and supposing that infinite power could not reorganize a body that it had at first organized, and raise a body from its own dust which it had at first raised from nothing.
Matthew 22:30
Neither marry ... - This was a full answer to the objections of the Sadducees.
But are as the angels of God - That is, in the manner of their conversation; in regard to marriage and the mode of their existence.
Luke adds that they shall be âequal with the angels.â That is, they shall be elevated above the circumstances of mortality, and live in a manner and in a kind of conversation similar to that of the angels. It does not imply that they shall be equal in intellect, but only âin the circumstances of their existence,â as that is distinguished from the way in which mortals live. He also adds, âNeither do they die any more, but are the children of God; being the children of the resurrection,â or being accounted worthy to be raised up to life, and therefore âsons of God raised up to him.â
Matthew 22:31, Matthew 22:32
As touching ... - That is, in proof that the dead are raised.
The passage which he quotes is recorded in Exodus 3:6, Exodus 3:15, This was at the burning bush (Mark and Luke). Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob had been dead for a long time when Moses spoke this - Abraham for 329 years, Isaac for 224 years, and Jacob for 198 years - yet God spake then as being still âtheir God.â They must, therefore, be still somewhere living, for God is not the God of the dead; that is, it is absurd to say that God rules over those who are âextinct or annihilated,â but he is the God only of those who have an existence. Luke adds, âall live unto him.â That is, all the righteous dead, all of whom he can be properly called their God, live unto his glory. This passage does not prove directly that the dead âbodyâ would be raised, but only by consequence. It proves that Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob had an existence then, or that their souls were alive. This the Sadducees denied Acts 23:8, and this was the main point in dispute. If this was admitted - if there was a state of rewards and punishments - then it would easily follow that the bodies of the dead would be raised.
Clarke's Notes on the Bible
Verse Matthew 22:24. Raise up seed unto his brother. — This law is mentioned Deuteronomy 25:5. The meaning of the expression is, that the children produced by this marriage should be reckoned in the genealogy of the deceased brother, and enjoy his estates. The word seed should be always translated children or posterity. There is a law precisely similar to this among the Hindoos.
