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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #2822 - חשֶׁךְ
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- darkness, obscurity
- darkness
- secret place
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
2215) ksh (ההסהכ HhShK) AC: Darken CO: Dark AB: Darkness: [from: hs- a dark place]
V) ksh (ההסהכ HhShK) - Darken: KJV (19): (vf: Paal, Hiphil) darken, dark, blacker, darkness, dim, hide - Strongs: H2821 (חָשַׁךְ)
Nf1) eksh (ההסהכה HhShKH) - Dark: KJV (6): dark, darkness - Strongs: H2824 (חֶשְׁכָה), H2825 (חֲשֵׁיכָה)
am) kshm (מההסהכ MHhShK) - Dark place: KJV (7): darkness, dark - Strongs: H4285 (מַחְשָׁךְ)
cm) kfsh (ההסהוכ HhShWK) - Darkness: [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (2): mean - Strongs: H2816 (חֲשׁוֹךְ), H2823 (חָשֹׁךְ)
gm) ksfh (ההוסהכ HhWShK) - Darkness: KJV (80): darkness, dark, obscurity, night - Strongs: H2822 (חשֶׁךְ)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
1 darkness (opposed to אוֺר) literal Genesis 1:2,4 (P), Isaiah 45:7; Job 26:10; Ecclesiastes 2:13, compare in imprecation Job 3:4,5 (וצלמות׳ח) = לילה Genesis 1:5,18 (P), compare Joshua 2:5 (JE), Isaiah 45:19; Job 17:12; Job 24:16; Job 38:19; Psalm 104:20; darkness in mines Job 28:3; of extraordinary darkness, in Egypt Exodus 10:21 (twice in verse) (E); אֲֿפֵלָה׳ח Exodus 10:22 (E), Psalm 105:28, from pillar of cloud Exodus 14:20; at Mt. Sinai Deuteronomy 4:11; Deuteronomy 5:20; of clouds of theophany 2 Samuel 22:12 = Psalm 18:12; of darkness in death, or She'ô l, 1 Samuel 2:9; Job 10:21 (וצלמות׳אֶרֶץ ח), Job 17:13; Job 18:18; Psalm 88:13; Proverbs 20:20 (׳אִישׁוֺן ח = extreme of darkness).
2 = secret place(s) Isaiah 45:3; Job 12:22 ("" צלמות); = hiding-place Job 34:22 ("" id.), compare Psalm 139:11; Psalm 139:12; — on Ezekiel 8:12, see above 3 figurative,
a. = distress Isaiah 5:30; Isaiah 9:1; Isaiah 29:18 (figurative of blindness), Isaiah 42:7; Isaiah 49:9; Isaiah 58:10; Isaiah 59:9; Isaiah 60:2; Lamentations 3:2; Micah 7:8; Psalm 18:29 = 2 Samuel 22:29; Job 15:22,23,30; Job 20:26; Job 22:11; Job 23:17; Job 29:3; Psalm 107:10; Psalm 107:14 (in both "" צלמות), Psalm 112:4; Ecclesiastes 5:16; Ecclesiastes 11:8.
b. = dread, terror, symbolic of judgment Amos 5:18,20; Zephaniah 1:15; Nahum 1:8; Ezekiel 32:8; Joel 2:4; Joel 3:4.
c. = mourning Isaiah 47:5.
d. = perplexity Job 5:14; Job 12:25; Job 19:8; confusion Psalm 35:6.
e. = ignorance Job 37:19; Ecclesiastes 2:14.
f. = evil, sin Isaiah 5:20 (twice in verse); Proverbs 2:13.
g. = obscurity Ecclesiastes 6:4 (twice in verse).
חשׁך (see Biblical Hebrew חֹשֶׁךְ darkness, √ חשׁך).
חשֶׁךְ m.
(1) darkness, Genesis 1:2, seq.; Exodus 10:21, 22 Exodus 10:22, etc.; hence spoken of a dark place, as of Hades, Psalms 88:13 compare Job 10:21 of an underground prison, Isaiah 42:7, 47:5 49:9. אוֹצְרוֹת חשֶׁךְ treasures of darkness; i.e. hid in darkness, in underground cells, Isaiah 45:3.
(2) metaph.
(a) misery, adversity. Isaiah 9:1; Job 15:22, לֹא יַאֲמִין שׁוּב מִנִּי חשֶׁךְ “he does not hope to return out of darkness (or destruction);” 23 Job 15:23, 30 Job 15:30, 20:26 23:17 Micah 7:8; Amos 5:18, 20 Psalms 18:29. Also used of death, Ecclesiastes 11:8 compare אוֹר used of life, verse Ecclesiastes 11:7.
(b) ignorance, Job 37:19 (comp. 12:15, and there verse 24 Job 37:24).
(c) sadness, Ecclesiastes 5:16.-[“(d) wickedness, Proverbs 2:13 comp. τὸ σκότος, John 3:19 also Romans 13:12.”]