Bible Lexicons

βᾰρύς, εῖα, ύ,

poet. gen. pl. fem. βαρεῶν dub. in A. Eu. 932 (anap.): Comp. βαρύτερος, Sup. βαρύτατος: —

I

1. heavy in weight, β. ἀείρεσθαι, opp. κοῦφος, Hdt. 4.150, cf. Pl. Tht. 152d, Arist. Cael. 310b25, etc.: in Hom. mostly with collat. notion of strength and force, χεῖρα βαρεῖαν Il. 1.219, cf. 89; ἀκμᾷ βαρύς Pi. I. 4(3).51; β. τὸ σῶμα App. Mac. 14; of athletes, Philostr. Gym. 31; ὀφρύς bushy, ib. 48; but also, heavy with age, infirmity or suffering, νόσῳ S. Tr. 235; σὺν γήρᾳ Id. OT 17; ἐν γήρᾳ Id. Aj. 1017; ὑπὸ γήρως Ael. VH 9.1; ὑπὸ τῆς μέθης Plu. 2.596a; pregnant, PGoodsp.Cair. 15.15 (iv A. D.); β. βάσις heavy, slow, S. Tr. 966; τυπάδι βαρείᾳ Id. Fr. 844. Adv. κοῦφον βαρέως Pl. Tht. 189d.

2. heavy to bear, grievous, ἄτη, ἔρις, κακότης, Il. 2.111, 20.55, 10.72; Κλῶθες Od. 7.197; κῆρες Il. 21.548; β. κὴρ τὸ μὴ πιθέσθαι A. Ag. 206 (lyr.); βαρὺ or βαρέα στενάχειν sob heavily, Od. 8.95, 534, Il. 8.334, etc.: in Trag. and Prose, burdensome, grievous, oppressive, β. ξυμφορά, τύχαι, καταλλαγαί, etc., A. Pers. 1044 (lyr.), Th. 332 (lyr.), 767 (lyr.), etc.; ἡδονή S. OC 1204; ἀγγελία β. ἢν ἐν τοῖς βαρύτατ' ἂν ἐνέγκαιμι Pl. Cri. 43c; πόλεμος D. 18.241; βαρὺ κοὐχὶ δίκαιον Id. 21.66; νόσος causing disgust, S. Ph. 1330; αὐδά, ἠχώ, ib. 208 (lyr.), E. Hipp. 791; unwholesome, χωρίον X. Mem. 3.6.12; πλησμονή Id. Cyn. 7.4; indigestible, Ath. 3.115e; β. νότος Paus. 10.17.11. Adv. -έως, φέρειν τι take a thing ill, suffer it impatiently, Hdt. 5.19; β. φέρειν ἐπί τινι Plb. 15.1.1 (but β. φέρειν bear with dignity, D.S. 26.3); β. ἔχειν, c. part, Arist. Rh.Al. 1424b5; πρός τι Id. Pol. 1311b9; τοῖς λογίοις Arg. E. Heracl.: Comp. βαρυτέρως τινὶ ἐναντιωθῆναι LXX 3 Maccabees 3:1; βαρέως ἀκούειν hear with disgust, X. An. 2.1.9.

3. violent, ὀργή S. Ph. 368; μῆνις Id. OC 1328; ἀπέχθειαι Pl. Ap. 23a (Sup.); θυμός Theoc. 1.96.

4. weighty, grave, ἐπιστολαί 2 Corinthians 10:10; αἰτιώματα Acts 25:7; τὰ βαρύτερα τοῦ νόμου Matthew 23:23; ample, βαρυτάτην εὐδαιμονίαν τοῖς ἀρχομένοις παρέξειν Hdn. 2.14.3.

II of persons,

1. severe, stern, β. ἐπιτιμητής A. Pr. 77; εὔθυνος Id. Pers. 828, cf. S. OT 546; Κύπρι βαρεῖα Theoc. 1.100; wearisome, troublesome, E. Supp. 894, Pl. Tht. 210c, etc.; ξύνοικος A. Supp. 415, S. Fr. 753; γείτονες Plb. 1.10.6.

2. overbearing, σεμνότεροι ἢ βαρύτεροι Arist. Rh. 1391a27 (but σεμνὸς καὶ β. Str. 14.1.42); ὑπερήφανοι καὶ β. Plu. 2.279c; important, powerful, πόλις Plb. 1.17.5, etc.

3. of soldiers, heavy-armed, X. Cyr. 5.3.37 (s.v.l.); of the ὁπλίτης Pl. Lg. 833b (Comp.); τὰ β. τῶν ὅπλων Plb. 1.76.3.

4. difficult, ὅρκος γὰρ οὐδεὶς ἀνδρὶ φηλήτῃ β. S. Fr. 933.

III of impressions on the senses,

1. of sound, strong, deep, bass, opp. to ὀξύς, Od. 9.257, S. Ph. 208, Pl. Prt. 332c, Arist. EN 1125a14, etc.; βαρὺ ἀμβόασον A. Pers. 572 (lyr.); φθέγγονται βαρύτατον ἀνθρώπων Hp. Aër. 15; βαρύτατα ὑπακούειν, of diseases, Id. Prorrh. 2.39; πενθεῖν Ael. VH 12.1; esp. of musical pitch, low, opp. ὀξύς, βαρυτάτη χορδή Pl. Phdr. 268e; ἆχος, φωνά, Archyt. I, cf. Arist. EE 1235a28, Aristox. Harm. p.3 M.; of accent, grave, ἀντὶ ὀξείας τῆς μέσης συλλαβῆς βαρεῖαν ἐφθεγξάμεθα Pl. Cra. 399b; ὀξείᾳ καὶ βαρείᾳ καὶ μέσῃ φωνῇ Arist. Rh. 1403b30, etc.: hence ἡ βαρεῖα (sc. προσῳδία) accentus gravis, D.T. 630.1, etc.; β. τάσις D.H. Comp. 11, A.D. Synt. 307.13; β. τόνος D.T. 674.13, cf. A.D. Pron. 36.5; β. συλλαβή unaccented, Id. Synt. 100.8, al. Adv. βαρέως with the accent thrown back, Id. Pron. 51.1, Ath. 2.53b: Comp. -ύτερον, opp. ὀξύτερον (ου) opp. οὗ), Arist. SE 178a3 (but, on a lower note, αὐλεῖν Id. GA 788a22).

2. of smell, strong, offensive, Hdt. 6.119.

3. Adv. βαρέως slowly, ἐπισπᾶσθαι Hero Aut. 26.6. (guṛr-u- from gu[rmacr ]ṛ-u-, Skt. gurús 'heavy', Lat. gravis (from fem. gur[schwa]wî-), Goth. kaúrus 'heavy'.)