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Strong's #3862 - παράδοσις
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- giving up, giving over
- the act of giving up
- the surrender of cities
- a giving over which is done by word of mouth or in writing, i.e. tradition by instruction, narrative, precept, etc.
- objectively, that which is delivered, the substance of a teaching
- of the body of precepts, esp. ritual, which in the opinion of the later Jews were orally delivered by Moses and orally transmitted in unbroken succession to subsequent generations, which precepts, both illustrating and expanding the written law, as they did were to be obeyed with equal reverence
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παρά-δοσις, εως, ἡ,
handing down, bequeathing, transmission, τοῦ σκήπτρου Th. 1.9; handing over, transfer, ἡ π. τῶν χρημάτων Arist. Pol. 1309a10, cf. Pl. Lg. 915d; σίτου, etc., POxy. 1257.3 (iii A. D.), etc.; τῆς βασιλείας Plu. Comp.Lyc. Numbers 1:1-54; ἐν παραδόσει παραλαμβάνειν ἀεί, of a reserve fund, IG 11 (2).161 A 126 (Delos, iii B. C.).
2. transmission of legends, doctrines, etc., tradition, διδασκαλία καὶ π. Pl. Lg. 803a; πραγματεῖαι αἱ ἐκ π. ηὐξημέναι Arist. SE 184b5; ἐν παραδόσει ἔχειν τι Plb. 12.6.1, etc.; treatment, exposition, ὅπως πᾶσιν εὐπαρακολούθητος γένηται ἡ π. Hero Bel. 73.12; ἡ βοτανικὴ π. the subject of botany, Dsc. Praef. 1; παραδόσεις καὶ παραγγελίαι Phld. Rh. 1.78 S.; σύντομος π. succinct account, Ammon. in Porph. 38.10. in military sense, transmission of orders, Ael. Tact. 21.2.
3. that which is handed down or bequeathed, tradition, doctrine, teaching, ἡ π. τῶν πρεσβυτέρων Matthew 15:2, Mark 7:3, etc.; αἱ π. τῶν θεῶν καὶ τῶν θείων ἀνδρῶν Dam. Pr. 265: also in Gramm., Ἑλληνικὴ π. A.D. Conj. 213.13, cf. 19 (pl.); in textual criticism, defined as ἡ τῶν γραμματ ικῶν μαρτυρία, EM 815.18; so παρὰ τὴν π. γράφειν Demetr.Lac. Herc. 1012.34, cf. EM 240.4, al.
II surrender, πόλεως Th. 3.53; ἐκ παραδόσεως, opp. κατὰ κράτος, Plb. 9.25.5; giving up to punishment or torture, Isoc. 17.16; π. ἐπὶ θανάτῳ D.H. 7.36.
2. Astrol., handing over, τῶν χρόνων Vett.Val. 141.4.
παράδοσις, παραδοσεως, ἡ (παραδίδωμι), a giving over, giving up; i. e.
1. the act of giving up, the surrender: of cities, Polybius 9, 25, 5; Josephus, b. j. 1, 8, 6; χρημάτων, Aristotle, pol. 5, 7, 11, p. 1309{a}, 10.
2. a giving over which is done by word of mouth or in writing, i. e. tradition by instruction, narrative, precept, etc. (see παραδίδωμι, 4); hence, equivalent to instruction, Epictetus diss. 2, 23, 40; joined with διδασκαλία, Plato, legg. 7, p. 803 a. objectively, what is delivered, the substance of the teaching: so of Paul's teaching, 2 Thessalonians 3:6; in plural of the particular injunctions of Paul's instruction, 1 Corinthians 11:2; 2 Thessalonians 2:15. used in the singular of a written narrative, Josephus, contra Apion 1, 9, 2; 10, 2; again, of the body of precepts, especially ritual, which in the opinion of the later Jews were orally delivered by Moses and orally transmitted in unbroken succession to subsequent generations, which precepts, both illustrating and expanding the written law, as they did, were to be obeyed with equal reverence (Josephus, Antiquities 13, 10, 6 distinguishes between τά ἐκ παραδοσεως τῶν πατέρων and τά γεγραμμένα, i. e. τά ἐν τοῖς Μωϋσέως νόμοις γεγραμμένα νόμιμα): Matthew 15:2f, 6; Mark 7:3, 5, 9, 13; with τῶν ἀνθρώπων added, as opposed to the divine teachings, Mark 7:8; Colossians 2:8 (where see Lightfoot); πατρικαι παραδόσεις, precepts received from the fathers, whether handed down in the O. T. books or orally, Galatians 1:14 ((others restrict the word here to the extra-biblical traditions; cf. Meyer or Lightfoot at the passage). Cf. B. D. American edition under the word
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παρά -δοσις , -εως , ἡ
(< παραδίδωμι ),
[in LXX: Ezra 7:26 (H612), Jeremiah 32:4 (H5414 ni.), Jeremiah 34:2*;]
1. a handing down or over, transfer, transmission (Arist., Polyb., al., LXX).
2. tradition of doctrine (Plat., Epict., al.); by meton., of the doctrine itself : Matthew 15:2-3; Matthew 15:6, Mark 7:3, 1 Corinthians 11:2, Galatians 1:14, Colossians 2:8, 2 Thessalonians 2:15; 2 Thessalonians 3:9.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For the looser use of πατήρ as a title or respect or honour, see P Oxy X. 1296 (iii/A.D.), where the writer refers to two other men as ";father"; (.15, .18) in addition to his real ";father"; (cf. .21) : cf. BGU I. 164.2 (ii/iii A.D.), P Oxy XIV. 1665.2 (iii/A.D.), ib. 1678.19 (iii/A.D.), P Strass I. 26.1 (iv/A.D.), and for a literary reference Menandrea, p. 9.13. In P Par 60.3 (B.C. 154) Apollonius addresses his eldest brother as πατήρ, apparently as head of the family : see Wilcken’s note in UPZ i. p. 321 where exception is taken to the view that the title indicates membership in the same religious community, as suggested in Otto Priester i.p. 124 n..3, Selections, p. 22. In P Lond 1178.10 (A.D. 194) (= III. p. 216) the Emperor Claudius is designated πατὴρ πατρίδος (pater patriae).
With 1 Timothy 5:1 we may compare the fragment of a Christian letter, P Oxy XII. 1592 (iii/iv A.D.), where a woman addresses her spiritual ";father"; as .3 κ (ύρι)έ μου π (άτε)ρ, and rejoices .5 ὅτει τοιοῦτός μου π (ατ)ὴρ τὴν μνήμην ποιεῖται. In the early Christian letter P Amh I. 3ii. 16 (between A.D. 264 and 282) τὸν πατέρα Ἀπολλῶνιν, Harnack, Geschichte II. 2. p. 180, regards πατέρα as the title of the provincial bishop, but Deissmann (LAE, p. 196) thinks that the writer is speaking of his real father, and similarly Ghedini Lettere, p. 71 f. It may be noted that the idea of the Divine ";Fatherhood"; is fully discussed by Westcott Epp. of St. John, p. 27 ff.
For the anarthrous πατήρ cf. Proleg. pp. 71 f., 82 f., and Abbott Joh. Gr. p. 96 f., and for a probable use of πάτηρ as voc. see P Par 51.36 (B.C. 159) (= UPZ i. p. 360). A form πάτρα or πατρά denoting probably ";sister by the father’s side"; occurs in C. and B. ii. p. 394, No. 272 : see Ramsay’s note.
Exx. of πατρόθεν are Syll 216 (= .3 426).10 (B.C. 270–261) ὅπως ἀναγραϕ ̣ῆι τὸ ὄνομα αὐ [τοῦ π ]ατρόθεν ἐν τῆι στήληι, ib. 645 (= .3 1047).41 (c. B.C. 100) ἀναγραψάντων. . . τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ δανεισαμένου πατρόθεν.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
