Bible Lexicons

βᾰρύς, εῖα, ύ,

poet. gen. pl. fem. βαρεῶν dub. in A. Eu. 932 (anap.): Comp. βαρύτερος, Sup. βαρύτατος: —

I

1. heavy in weight, β. ἀείρεσθαι, opp. κοῦφος, Hdt. 4.150, cf. Pl. Tht. 152d, Arist. Cael. 310b25, etc.: in Hom. mostly with collat. notion of strength and force, χεῖρα βαρεῖαν Il. 1.219, cf. 89; ἀκμᾷ βαρύς Pi. I. 4(3).51; β. τὸ σῶμα App. Mac. 14; of athletes, Philostr. Gym. 31; ὀφρύς bushy, ib. 48; but also, heavy with age, infirmity or suffering, νόσῳ S. Tr. 235; σὺν γήρᾳ Id. OT 17; ἐν γήρᾳ Id. Aj. 1017; ὑπὸ γήρως Ael. VH 9.1; ὑπὸ τῆς μέθης Plu. 2.596a; pregnant, PGoodsp.Cair. 15.15 (iv A. D.); β. βάσις heavy, slow, S. Tr. 966; τυπάδι βαρείᾳ Id. Fr. 844. Adv. κοῦφον βαρέως Pl. Tht. 189d.

2. heavy to bear, grievous, ἄτη, ἔρις, κακότης, Il. 2.111, 20.55, 10.72; Κλῶθες Od. 7.197; κῆρες Il. 21.548; β. κὴρ τὸ μὴ πιθέσθαι A. Ag. 206 (lyr.); βαρὺ or βαρέα στενάχειν sob heavily, Od. 8.95, 534, Il. 8.334, etc.: in Trag. and Prose, burdensome, grievous, oppressive, β. ξυμφορά, τύχαι, καταλλαγαί, etc., A. Pers. 1044 (lyr.), Th. 332 (lyr.), 767 (lyr.), etc.; ἡδονή S. OC 1204; ἀγγελία β. ἢν ἐν τοῖς βαρύτατ' ἂν ἐνέγκαιμι Pl. Cri. 43c; πόλεμος D. 18.241; βαρὺ κοὐχὶ δίκαιον Id. 21.66; νόσος causing disgust, S. Ph. 1330; αὐδά, ἠχώ, ib. 208 (lyr.), E. Hipp. 791; unwholesome, χωρίον X. Mem. 3.6.12; πλησμονή Id. Cyn. 7.4; indigestible, Ath. 3.115e; β. νότος Paus. 10.17.11. Adv. -έως, φέρειν τι take a thing ill, suffer it impatiently, Hdt. 5.19; β. φέρειν ἐπί τινι Plb. 15.1.1 (but β. φέρειν bear with dignity, D.S. 26.3); β. ἔχειν, c. part, Arist. Rh.Al. 1424b5; πρός τι Id. Pol. 1311b9; τοῖς λογίοις Arg. E. Heracl.: Comp. βαρυτέρως τινὶ ἐναντιωθῆναι LXX 3 Maccabees 3:1; βαρέως ἀκούειν hear with disgust, X. An. 2.1.9.

3. violent, ὀργή S. Ph. 368; μῆνις Id. OC 1328; ἀπέχθειαι Pl. Ap. 23a (Sup.); θυμός Theoc. 1.96.

4. weighty, grave, ἐπιστολαί 2 Corinthians 10:10; αἰτιώματα Acts 25:7; τὰ βαρύτερα τοῦ νόμου Matthew 23:23; ample, βαρυτάτην εὐδαιμονίαν τοῖς ἀρχομένοις παρέξειν Hdn. 2.14.3.

II of persons,

1. severe, stern, β. ἐπιτιμητής A. Pr. 77; εὔθυνος Id. Pers. 828, cf. S. OT 546; Κύπρι βαρεῖα Theoc. 1.100; wearisome, troublesome, E. Supp. 894, Pl. Tht. 210c, etc.; ξύνοικος A. Supp. 415, S. Fr. 753; γείτονες Plb. 1.10.6.

2. overbearing, σεμνότεροι ἢ βαρύτεροι Arist. Rh. 1391a27 (but σεμνὸς καὶ β. Str. 14.1.42); ὑπερήφανοι καὶ β. Plu. 2.279c; important, powerful, πόλις Plb. 1.17.5, etc.

3. of soldiers, heavy-armed, X. Cyr. 5.3.37 (s.v.l.); of the ὁπλίτης Pl. Lg. 833b (Comp.); τὰ β. τῶν ὅπλων Plb. 1.76.3.

4. difficult, ὅρκος γὰρ οὐδεὶς ἀνδρὶ φηλήτῃ β. S. Fr. 933.

III of impressions on the senses,

1. of sound, strong, deep, bass, opp. to ὀξύς, Od. 9.257, S. Ph. 208, Pl. Prt. 332c, Arist. EN 1125a14, etc.; βαρὺ ἀμβόασον A. Pers. 572 (lyr.); φθέγγονται βαρύτατον ἀνθρώπων Hp. Aër. 15; βαρύτατα ὑπακούειν, of diseases, Id. Prorrh. 2.39; πενθεῖν Ael. VH 12.1; esp. of musical pitch, low, opp. ὀξύς, βαρυτάτη χορδή Pl. Phdr. 268e; ἆχος, φωνά, Archyt. I, cf. Arist. EE 1235a28, Aristox. Harm. p.3 M.; of accent, grave, ἀντὶ ὀξείας τῆς μέσης συλλαβῆς βαρεῖαν ἐφθεγξάμεθα Pl. Cra. 399b; ὀξείᾳ καὶ βαρείᾳ καὶ μέσῃ φωνῇ Arist. Rh. 1403b30, etc.: hence ἡ βαρεῖα (sc. προσῳδία) accentus gravis, D.T. 630.1, etc.; β. τάσις D.H. Comp. 11, A.D. Synt. 307.13; β. τόνος D.T. 674.13, cf. A.D. Pron. 36.5; β. συλλαβή unaccented, Id. Synt. 100.8, al. Adv. βαρέως with the accent thrown back, Id. Pron. 51.1, Ath. 2.53b: Comp. -ύτερον, opp. ὀξύτερον (ου) opp. οὗ), Arist. SE 178a3 (but, on a lower note, αὐλεῖν Id. GA 788a22).

2. of smell, strong, offensive, Hdt. 6.119.

3. Adv. βαρέως slowly, ἐπισπᾶσθαι Hero Aut. 26.6. (guṛr-u- from gu[rmacr ]ṛ-u-, Skt. gurús 'heavy', Lat. gravis (from fem. gur[schwa]wî-), Goth. kaúrus 'heavy'.)

βαρύς, βαρεῖα, βαρύ, heavy;

1. properly, i. e. heavy in weight: φορτίον, Matthew 23:4 (in 11:30 we have the opposite, ἐλαφρόν).

2. metaphorically,

a. burdensome: ἐντολή, the keeping of which is grievous, 1 John 5:3.

b. severe, stern: ἐπιστολή, 2 Corinthians 10:10 (others, imposing, impressive, cf. Wetstein at the passage).

c. weighty, i. e. of great moment: τά βαρύτερα τοῦ νόμου the weightier precepts of the law, Matthew 23:23; αἰτιάματα (better αἰτιώματα (which see)), Acts 25:7.

d. violent, cruel, unsparing (A. V. grievous): λύκοι, Acts 20:29 (so also Homer, Iliad 1:89; Xenophon, Ages. 11, 12).

βαρύς , -εῖα , ύ ,

[in LXX chiefly for H3513;]

heavy: Matthew 23:4. Metaph., burdensome: ἐντολή , 1 John 5:3; severe (perh. impressive): ἐπιστολή , 2 Corinthians 10:10; weighty: τὰ βαρύτερα τ . νόμου , Matthew 23:23; αἰτιώματα , Acts 25:7; violent, cruel (EV, grievous): λύκος , Acts 20:29.†