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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #525 - ἀπαλλάσσω
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- to remove, release, to be removed, to depart
- to set free, deliver
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ἀπαλλάσσω,
Att. ἀπάλλ-ττω, fut. -ξω Isoc. 5.52: pf. ἀπήλλᾰχα X. Mem. 3.13.6: aor. ἀπήλλαξα Hdt. 1.16, Ar. V. 1537, etc.: —
I Pass., pf. ἀπήλλαγμαι Id. Pax 1128, Isoc. 5.49, Ion. ἀπάλλαγμαι Hdt. 2.144, 167: aor. ἀπηλλάχθην, Ion. ἀπαλλ- Id. 2.152, etc.; in Att. ἀπηλλάγην [ᾰ ] as always in Prose; also in Trag. (for the most part metri gr., cf. however S. Ant. 422, El. 783 (v.l.), E. Ph. 592 (v.l.), Andr. 592): fut. ἀπαλλαχθήσομαι Id. Hipp. 356, Ar. Av. 940; in Prose, ἀπαλλαγήσομαι Th. 4.28, etc.: — Med., fut. (in pass. sense) ἀπαλλάξομαι Hdt. 7.122, E. Hel. 437, Th. 8.83, etc.: aor. ἀπαηλλάξαντο E. Heracl. 317, cf. Plu. Cat.Mi. 64..
1. Act., set free, deliver from a thing, παιδίον δυσμορφίης Hdt. 6.61; τινὰ πόνων, κακῶν, A. Eu. 83, Pr. 773; τινὰ ἐκ γόων S. El. 292; ἐκ φόβου καὶ κακῶν And. 1.59: c. acc. only, release, S. Ant. 596, etc.; κόπος μ' ἀ. Id. Ph. 880.
2. put away from, remove from, τί τινος, as ἀ. γῆς πρόσωπον, φρενῶν ἔρωτα, E. Med. 27, Hipp. 774 (lyr.); σφαγῆς χεῖρα IT 994; χρυσὸν χερός Hec. 1222; ἀ. τινά τινος take away or remove from one, Ar. Ec. 1046; τινὰ ἀπὸ τῆς πολιορκίας D.C. 43.32.
3. c. acc. only, put away, remove, τι E. Hec. 1068, Pl. Prt. 354d, etc.; μύθοις ἔργ' ἀ. κακά do away ill by words, E. Fr. 282.26; get rid of creditors, And. 1.122; τοὺς χρήστας Isaiah 5:28; get rid of an opponent, by fair means or foul, D. 24.37; ἀ. τοὺς κατηγόρους Lys. 29.1; τοὺς Πελοποννησίους ἐκ τῆς χώρας Th. 8.48; dismiss, send away, τινά Id. 1.90; remove or displace from an office, ib. 129; ἀ. τοὺς ὑπηρέτας καὶ θεραπευτῆρας Plu. Lyc. 11; also, make away with, destroy, Thphr. HP 9.15.2; ἑαυτόν Plu. Cat.Mi. 70; bring to an end, λόγον E. Med. 790.
4. in Law, give a release, discharge, D. 36.25, cf. 37.1; τοὺς δανείσαντας ἀ. 34.22, cf. PTeb. 315.16 (ii A.D.); discharge a debt, D.C. 59.1, etc.: — so in Pass., Id. 51.17.
II intr.,
1. get off free, escape, esp. with an Adv. added, ῥηιδίως, χαλεπῶς ἀ., Hp. VM 10, 20, cf. X. Cyr. 4.1.5; ὁ στόλος οὕτως ἀ. came off, ended, Hdt. 5.63, cf. A. Ag. 1288, E. Med. 786; οὐκ ὡς ἤθελε ἀπήλλαξεν Hdt. 1.16; κάκιον ἀ. Pl. R. 491d, cf. Men. Epit. 199; καταγελάστως ἀ. Aeschin. 2.38; ἀλυσιτελῶς ἀ. Thphr. Char. 8.11; ἀλύπως ἀ. get along well, PPetr. 3p.58: with part. or Adj., χαίρων ἀ. Hdt. 3.69; ἀθῷοι ἀ. Pl. Sph. 254d, etc.: c. gen., depart from, βίου E. Hel. 302 (dub.l.); τοῦ ζῆν Pl. Ax. 367c; so πῶς ἀπήλλαχεν ἐκ τῆς ὁδοῦ; X. Mem. 3.13.6; ἄριστ' ἀπαλλάττεις ἐπὶ τούτου τοῦ κύβου in respect of.., Diph. 73.. Pass. and Med., to be set free or released from a thing, get rid of it, ἀπαλλαχθέντας δουλοσύνης Hdt. 1.170; τυράννων Id. 5.78; τῶν παρεόντων κακῶν Id. 2.120; πημονῆς A. Pr. 471; φόβου S. El. 783; πραγμάτων τε καὶ μαχῶν Ar. Pax 293; στρατιᾶς Id. Ach. 251; Κλέωνος Th. 4.28; τῆς κακουχίας ἐπὶ τὴν αὑτοῦ σκηνήν Plb. 5.15.6.
2. get off, escape, mostly with some Adj. or Adv. added (as in Act ii), ῥηιδίως ἀ. Hp. VM 3; ἀγῶνος ἀ. καλῶς E. Heracl. 346; ἀζήμιος ἀπαλλαγῆναι, ἀπαλλάττεσθαι, Ar. Pl. 271, Pl. Lg. 721d.
3. abs., to be acquitted, D. 22.39.
4. of a point under discussion, to be dismissed as settled, τοῦτο ἀπήλλακται μὴ.. τὸ φίλον φίλον εἶναι Pl. Ly. 220b, cf. Phlb. 67a.
III
1. remove, depart from, ἐκ τῆς χώρης, ἐξ Αἰγύπτου, Hdt. 1.61, 2.139, al.; μαντικῶν μυχῶν A. Eu. 180; γῆς ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι πόδα E. Med. 729; δόξης, δέους Th. 2.42; ἀ. παρά τινος Aeschin. 1.78; depart, go away, ἐς τὴν ἑωυτοῦ Hdt. 1.82, al.; ἐπὶ τῆς ἑωυτοῦ Id. 9.11, cf. 5.64; πρὸς χώραν Pl. Lg. 938a: abs., Hdt. 2.93, al., Aen. Tact. 10.19, 15.9.
2. ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι τοῦ βίου depart from life, E. Hel. 102, Hipp. 356; βίου ἀπαλλαγὴν ἀ. Pl. R. 496e; freq. without τοῦ βίου, depart, die, E. Heracl. 1000, Pl. Phd. 81c, etc.
3. ἀ. λέχους to be divorced, E. Andr. 592; ἀ. γυναῖκά τε ἀπ' ἀνδρὸς καὶ τὸν ἄνδρα ἀπὸ γυναικός Pl. Lg. 868d.
4. ἀ. τῶν διδασκάλων leave school, Id. Grg. 514c, cf. X. Mem. 1.2.24.
5. ἀ. ἐκ παίδων become a man, Aeschin. 1.40.
6. to be removed from, free from the imputation of, ἀπηλλαγμένος εὐηθίης many removes from folly, Hdt. 1.60; ξυμφορῶν Th. 1.122; αἰσχύνης Id. 3.63: c. inf., κρῖναι ἱκανῶς οὐκ ἀπήλλακτο was not far from judging adequately, Id. 1.138. πολλὸν ἀπηλλαγμένος τινός far inferior to him, Hdt. 2.144.
7. depart from, leave off from, τῶν μακρῶν λόγων S. El. 1335; σκωμμάτων Ar. Pl. 316; ἀ. λημμάτων give up the pursuit of.., D. 3.33; οὐκ ἀπήλλακται γραφικῆς is not averse from.., Luc. Salt. 35. abs., have done, cease, of things, S. Ant. 422; ὅταν ἡ μέθη ἀπαλλαγῇ Arist. MM 1202a3. throw up one's case, give up a prosecution, D. 21.151,198. c. part., εἰπὼν ἀπαλλάγηθι speak and be done withit, Pl. Grg. 491c, cf. Tht. 183c; ταῦτα μαντευσάμενος ἀπαλλάττομαι Id. Ap. 39d; ἀπαλλάχθητι πυρώσας E. Cyc. 600: also in part., with a Verb, οὐκοῦν ἀπαλλαχθεὶς ἄπει; make haste and begone, S. Ant. 244.
8. to depart from enmity, i.e. to be reconciled, settle a dispute, πρὸς ἀλλήλους Pl. Lg. 915c: abs., ib. 768c.
9. recover from an ailment, Aret. SD 1.14.
ἀπαλλάσσω: 1 aorist ἀπηλλαξα; passive (present ἀπαλλάσσομαι); perfect infinitive ἀπηλλάχθαι; (ἀλλάσσω to change; ἀπό, namely, τίνος); common in Greek writings; to remove, release; passive to be removed, to depart: ἀπ' αὐτῶν τάς νόσους, Acts 19:12 (Plato, Eryx. 401 c. εἰ αἱ νοσοι ἀπαλλαγειησαν ἐκ τῶν σωμάτων); in a transferred and especially in a legal sense, ἀπό with the genitive of person, to be set free, the opponent being appeased and withdrawing the suit, to be quit of one: Luke 12:58 (so with a simple genitive of person Xenophon, mem. 2, 9, 6). Hence, universally, to set free, deliver: τινα, Hebrews 2:15; (in secular authors the genitive of the thing freed from is often added; cf. Bleek on Heb. vol. ii. 1, p. 339f).
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ἀπ -αλλάσσω ,
[in LXX for H5493 hi., etc.;]
to remove, release: Hebrews 2:15; pass., to depart: Acts 19:12; in legal sense (MM, VGT, s.v.), seq. ἀπό , c. gen. pers., to be quit of: Luke 12:58 (Cremer, 90, 632).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
In one of the oldest marriage-contracts hitherto discovered among the Greek papyri, P Gen I. 21.12 (ii/B.C.), provision is made for what will take place if the wife of her own accord βούληται ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι, ";desires to be released"; : so P Tebt I. 104.31 (B.C. 92), P Oxy I. 104.26 (a will, A.D. 96) ἡνίκα ἐὰν ἀπαλλαγῇ τοῦ ἀνδρός, ib. II. 265.17 (A.D. 81–95), ib. II. 267.17, .20 (A.D. 36), al, and for the subst. in a similar sense P Oxy VI. 905.11 (A.D. 170) ἐ ]ὰν ̣ δ ̣[ὲ ἀ ]παλλαγὴ γένητ [α ]ι. The correlative is well seen in P Ryl II. 154.26 (A.D. 66) ἐἀν δὲ διαφορᾶς αὐτοῖς γεναμένης [χ ]ωρίζονται ἀπ᾽ ἀλλήλων, ἤτοι τοῦ Χ. ἀποπέμποντος τ [ὴ ]ν Θ. ἢ καὶ αὐτῆς ἑκουσίω [ς ἀ ]παλλασσομέν [η ]ς [ἀ ]π᾽ αὐτοῦ : the corresponding nouns ἀποπομπή and ἑκούσιος ἀπαλλαγή appear in 1. .29. A more general use of the verb is afforded by P Petr II. 2 (3).1 f. (B.C. 260) (= Witkowski.2, p. 22) εἰ ἔρρωσαι καὶ ἐν τοῖς [ἄ ]λλοις ἀλύπως ἀπαλλάσσεις, ";if you are well and in other respects are getting on without annoyance."; P Petr II. 20iv. 8 (as amended P Petr III.) (B.C. 252) λυσιτελέστερον ἀπα ̣λ ̣λ ̣α ̣ξει, ";it will be more profitable for you to release (the boat from ἀγγαρία)."; P Ryl II. 77.35 (A.D. 192) καὶ ἀπαλλαγῆναι ἐπιτηρήσεως ";released from the superintendence of land under lease"; (Edd.). The perf. partic. mid. means ";dead"; in P Lond 915.15 (A.D. 160 or 161) (= III. p. 27) : cf. μετηλλαχώς. P Tebt II. 315 (ii/A.D.) twice shows the word, as.15 [μη ]δὲν ταραχ [θ ]ῇς, ἐγὼ γάρ [σ ]ε [ἀ ]παλλάχω (and so.26) ";I will get you off"; (Edd.). Ib. 385.24 (A.D. 117) ᾧ καὶ δώσι ἀπ ̣αλλασσ ̣ο ̣μ ̣έν ̣ω ̣ . . . ";on his release (from apprenticeship)"; : cf. the subst. in P Oxy IX. 1204.13 (A.D. 299) ἀπαλλαγὴν εὕρασθαι πειρώμενος. . . τῶν πολειτικῶν λειτουργιῶν, ";endeavouring to find a release from municipal offices."; The τοῦ βίου, which produces the use noted above, is expressed in Hadrian’s dying letter (or what purports to be such), P Fay 19.19 [οὔτε ἀ ]νοήτως ἀπαλλάσσομε τοῦ βίου. From inscriptions may be cited Syll 510.89 (ii/B.C.) ὅσοι δὲ ἐγκαταλιπόντες τὰ κτήματα ἀπηλλαγμένοι εἰσίν, οἱ δὲ τοκισταὶ γεγεωργήκασιν, εἶναι τὰ κτήματα τῶν τοκιστῶν, apparently ";have absconded."; So P Fay 12.19 (c. B.C. 103) ἀπηλλάγησαν. There is a curious use in P Flor II. 262.14 (iii/A.D.) ἀπήλαξεν γὰρ τότε τὸν πῆχιν δραχμῶν δέκα, which Comparetti renders ";poichè allora valutò il cubito a dieci dramme";—so we say ";he let it go for a shilling.";
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