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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4892 - συνέδριον
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- any assembly (esp. of magistrates, judges, ambassadors), whether convened to deliberate or pass judgment
- any session or assembly or people deliberating or adjudicating
- the Sanhedrin, the great council at Jerusalem, consisting of the seventy one members, viz. scribes, elders, prominent members of the high priestly families and the high priest, the president of the assembly. The most important causes were brought before this tribunal, inasmuch as the Roman rulers of Judaea had left to it the power of trying such cases, and also of pronouncing sentence of death, with the limitation that a capital sentence pronounced by the Sanhedrin was not valid unless it was confirmed by the Roman procurator.
- a smaller tribunal or council which every Jewish town had for the decision of less important cases.
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συνέδρ-ιον, τό,
council, ς. κατασκευάζειν, συνάγειν, Pl. Prt. 317d, Aeschin. 3.89; ὁμογνώμονες τοῦ ς. πάντες IG 14.952.28 (Acragas, iii B.C.); meeting, μεταπεμφθέντων εἰς κοινὸν ς. τῶν.. δεκανῶν PTeb. 27.31 (ii B.C.); of a council of war, X. HG 1.1.31, etc.; of the Areopagus, Aeschin. 1.91, Din. 1.54; τὰ ς., of the 600 together with the Areopagus, IG 22.3640; of a board of trade, D. 58.8; of the Roman Senate, Plb. 1.11.1, etc.; the Carthaginian Senate, Id. 1.31.8; the Jewish Sanhedrin, Matthew 5:22, etc. (also of local Councils attached to synagogues, ib.10.17, Mark 13:9, Cod.Just. 1.9.17); the Senate at Constantinople, Lib. Or. 20.37; τὸ σεμνότατον ς. τῆς γερουσίας, at Thasos, IG 12(8).388; τὸ ς. ς. τῶν γερόντων IGRom. 4.782 (Apamea); τὸ χωρίον ἐν ᾧ ς. ἦν αὐτῷ τῶν πολιτῶν Gal. 6.332; freq. of a congress of Allies or Confederates, Hdt. 8.56, 75, X. HG 7.1.39, D. 18.22, Aeschin. 2.70, 3.58, D.S. 16.89, etc.; τὸ ς. τῶν Ἑλλάνων IG 12(3).1259.4 (Smyrna, iv B.C.); ἁμῶν (sc. τῶν Ἀμφικτιόνων) OGI 234.17 (Delph., iii B.C.), cf. SIG 613.10 (ibid., ii B.C.); τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ς. Plu. Arist. 19.
2. place of meeting, council-chamber, Hdt. 8.79, X. HG 2.4.23, POxy. 717.8 (i B.C.); ἐν ς. in court, Lys. 9.6; ἐνεπρήσθη τὰ ς. τῶν Πυθαγορείων Plb. 2.39.1.
συνέδριον, συνεδρίου, τό (σύν and ἕδρα; hence, properly, 'a sitting together'), in Greek authors from Herodotus down, any assembly (especially of magistrates, judges, ambassadors), whether convened to deliberate or to pass judgment; Vulg. concilium; in the Scriptures
1. any session or assembly of persons deliberating or adjudicating (Proverbs 22:10; Psalm 25:4
2. specifically,
a. the Sanhedrin, the great council at Jerusalem (Talmud, סַנְהֵדְרִין), consisting of seventy-one members, viz. scribes (see γραμματεύς, 2), elders, prominent members of the high priestly families (hence, called ἀρχιερεῖς; see ἀρχειρευς, 2), and the high priest, the president of the body. The fullest periphrasis for Sanhedrin is found in Matthew 26:3 R G; Mark 14:43, 53 (viz. οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καί οἱ γραμματεῖς καί οἱ πρεσβύτεροι). The more important causes were brought before this tribunal, inasmuch as the Roman rulers of Judaea had left to it the power of trying such cases, and also of pronouncing sentence of death, with the limitation that a capital sentence pronounced by the Sanhedrin was not valid unless it were confirmed by the Roman procurator (cf. John 18:31; Josephus, Antiquities 20, 9, 1). The Jews trace the origin of the Sanhedrin to Numbers 11:16f. The Sanhedrin (A. V. council) is mentioned in Matthew 5:22; Matthew 26:59; Mark 14:55; Mark 15:1; Luke 22:66;. Acts 4:15; Acts 5:21, 27, 34, 41; Acts 6:12, 15; Acts 22:30; Acts 23:1, 6, 15, 20, 28; Acts 24:20; used ((as in classical Greek)) of the place of meeting in Acts 4:15.
b. the smaller tribunal or council (so A. V.) which every Jewish town had for the decision of the less important cases (see κρίσις, 4): Matthew 10:17; Mark 13:9. Cf. Winers RWB under the word Synedrium; Leyrer in Herzog edition 1 under the word Synedrium (Strack in edition 2); Schürer, Neutest. Zeitgesch. 2te Aufl. § 23, II., III. (and in Riehm, p. 1595ff); Holtzmann in Schenkel see, p. 446ff; (BB. DD., under the word
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συνέδριον , -ου , τό
(< σύν + ἕδρα , a seat),
[in LXX: Proverbs 11:13; Proverbs 15:22, Jeremiah 15:17 (H5475), Psalms 26:4 (H4962), Proverbs 22:10 (H1779) Proverbs 26:26 (H6951); Proverbs 24:7; Proverbs 27:22; Proverbs 31:23, 2 Maccabees 14:5, 4 Maccabees 17:17 *;]
1. a council (Plat., Xen., al.; LXX; in Papyri, σ . τ . πρεσβυτέρων , Deiss., BS, 156): of a local Jewish tribunal, Matthew 10:17, Mark 13:9.
2. The supreme ecclesiastical court of the Jews, the Sanhedrin (i.e. Talmudic סַנְהֵדְרִין = συνέδριον ): Matthew 5:22; Matthew 26:59, Mark 14:55; Mark 15:1, Luke 22:66, Acts 5:21; Acts 5:27; Acts 5:34; Acts 5:41; Acts 6:12; Acts 6:15; Acts 22:30; Acts 23:1; Acts 23:6; Acts 23:15; Acts 23:20; Acts 23:28 (WH, R, mg., om.) Acts 24:20 of a meeting of the Sanhedrin, John 11:47; of the place of meeting, Acts 4:15.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
σωτήριος is used in the neut. as a subst. with reference to what produces σωτηρία, e.g. a sacrifice or a gift : cf. Syll 209 (= .3 391).22 (B.C. 281–0) θῦσα ]ι Σωτήρια ὑπὲρ Φιλοκλέους, ib. 649 (= .8 384).23 τεθύκασιν τὰ σω [τήρ ]ια [τα ]ῖς [θ ]εα [ῖ ]ς ὑπὲρ τῆς βουλῆς.
In the NT the word always occurs in a spiritual sense : see s.vv. σῴζω and σωτηρία.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
