the Week of Proper 25 / Ordinary 30
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4122 - πλεονεκτέω
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- to have more, or a greater part or share
- to be superior, excel, surpass, have an advantage over
- to gain or take advantage of another, to overreach
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πλεονεκτ-έω,
fut. -ήσω Th. 4.62, etc. ( πλέον ἐκτήσεται shd. be read in Pl. La. 192e ): —
Prose Verb, have or claim more than one's due, mostly in bad sense, to be greedy, grasping, Hdt. 8.112, X. Mem. 2.6.21, Pl. Grg. 483c, etc.
2. also, gain or have some advantage, without any bad sense, δυνάμει τινὶ π. Th. 4.62, cf. 86; opp. ἐλαττοῦσθαι, Arist. Rh. 1360a3; πολὺ ἐπλεονέκτει ὁ Πελοπίδας παρὰ τῷ Πέρσῃ X. HG 7.1.34: abs., Arist. Rh. 1402b25, D.S. 12.46; π. ἀπὸ τῶν μὴ καθηκόντων Plb. 6.56.2: freq. with neut. Pron., π. ταῦτα, etc., Th. 4.61, etc.
3. c. gen. rei, have or claim a larger share of than others, τῶν ὠφελίμων Id. 6.39; τοῦ ἡλίου, τοῦ ψύχους, τῶν πόνων, X. Cyr. 1.6.25, cf. Oec. 7.26; δόξης, χάριτος, Arist. EN 1136b22, 1137a1 .
II c. gen. pers., have or gain the advantage over, τῶν ἐχθρῶν Pl. R. 362b, cf. Hyp. Lyc. 8, etc.; παρά τινος X. Cyr. 1.6.32 (v.l.); παρ' ἀλλήλων Arist. Pol. 1292b19; τινι in a thing, X. Cyr. 4.3.21, etc.; κατά τι Pl. Euthphr. 15a; περί τι Id. La. 183a; also π. τῶν νόμων gain at the expense of the laws, Id. Lg. 691a; τῆς ὑμετέρας π. εὐηθείας take advantage of your simpleness, D. Prooem. 24 .
2. later c. acc. pers., get or have the advantage over, D.H. 9.7, Plu. Marc. 29, Luc. Am. 27: usu. in bad sense, overreach, defraud, πλεονεκτεῖν μηδένα Men. Mon. 259, cf. 1 Thessalonians 4:6, 2 Corinthians 7:2, D.Chr. 17.8, D.C. 52.37: in early writers only Pass. in this sense, ὑπό τινων X. Mem. 3.5.2; πλεονεκτεῖσθαι χιλίαις δραχμαῖς to be defrauded in or of 1, 000 drachmae, D. 41.25 . In Th. 1.77 πλεονεκτεῖσθαι is impers., to be an act of πλεονεξία.
3. Pass., to be surpassed, excelled, τινι Apollod. Poliorc. 173.5 .
πλεονεκτέω, πλεονέκτω; 1 aorist ἐπλεονέκτησα; 1 aorist passive subjunctive 1 person plural πλεονεκτηθῶμεν; (πλεονέκτης);
1. intransitive, to have more, or a greater part or share: Thucydides, Xenophon, Plutarch, others; to be superior, excel, surpass, have an advantage over, τίνος (genitive of person) τίνι (the dative of thing): Xenophon, Plato, Isocrates, Demosthenes, others.
2. transitive, to gain or take advantage of another, to overreach: (Herodotus 8, 112), Plato, Diodorus, Dionysius Halicarnassus, Dio Cassius, others; and so in the N. T. in 2 Corinthians 7:2; 2 Corinthians 12:17, 18; 1 Thessalonians 4:6 (see πρᾶγμα, b.); passive (cf. Buttmann, § 132, 22) ὑπό τίνος, 2 Corinthians 2:11(10).
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πλεονεκτέω , -ῶ
(< πλεονέκτης , q.v.),
[in LXX: Habakkuk 2:9, Ezekiel 22:27 (H1214), Judges 4:11 B*;]
1. intrans., to have more, to have an advantage (cl., c. gen. pers.).
2. Trans., in late writers (v. M, Pr., 65), to overreach, defraud: c. acc pers., 2 Corinthians 7:2; 2 Corinthians 12:17-18; ἐν τ . πράγματιι , 1 Thessalonians 4:6 (v. M, Th., in l); pass., 2 Corinthians 2:11 (as also in cl.; v. LS, s.v.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For the meaning ";irrigate,"; which is common in the LXX, cf. P Petr I. 29 verso (iii/B.C.) (= Witkowskis.2, p. 31) ὀχιτεύομεν καὶ ποτίζομεν, ";we are making conduits and irrigating,"; PSI V. 536.4 (iii/B.C.) τὴγ γῆν τὴγ καθαρὰν πᾶσαν. . . ποτίσας κατάσπειρον, BGU II. 530.28 (i/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 62) μόλις γὰρ μίαν πρασεὰν ποτίζι τὸ ὕδωρ, ";for there is hardly a single plot which the water irrigates,"; P Fay 111.26 (A.D. 95–6) τὼν στίχον τὸν φυτον (l. τὸν στίχον τῶν φυτῶν) τῶν ἐν τῷ προφήτῃ πότισον, ";water the row of trees ‘at the prophet’"; (Edd.), P Ryl II. 157.21 (A.D. 135) cited s.v. ποῦς, and P Oxy VI. 938.5 (iii/iv A.D.) τῆς γῆς. . . μὴ ποτιζομένης. For the subst. ποτισμός, as in Aq Proverbs 3:8, see ib. 934.14 (iii/A.D.) χάριν τῶν ποτισμῶν, ";for the sake of the irrigation,"; et saepe. In MGr ποτίζω ";make to drink,"; ";water,"; is used with double acc.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.