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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3806 - πάθος
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- whatever befalls one, whether it be sad or joyous
- spec. a calamity, mishap, evil, affliction
- a feeling which the mind suffers
- an affliction of the mind, emotion, passion
- passionate deed
- used by the Greeks in either a good or bad sense
- in the NT in a bad sense, depraved passion, vile passions
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this Strong's Number
πάθος
[ ᾰ], εος, τό, (πάσχω)
I
1. that which happens to a person or thing, τὰ ἐν τοῖς κατόπτροις τῆς ὄψεως π. Pl. Tht. 193c; τὰ ἐν τῷ ἀνθρωπίνῳ βίῳ [τῆς ψυχῆς] π. Id. R. 612a; incident, accident, τὰ ἀνθρωπήϊα π. Hdt. 5.4; τὸ συντυχὸν π. S. Aj. 313; οὗ τόδ' ἦν π. where this incident took place, Id. OT 732; ἔξωθεν π. Pl. R. 381a; unfortunate accident, Antipho 3.4.10.
2. what one has experienced, good or bad, experience, τὸν πάθει μάθος θέντα κυρίως ἔχειν A. Ag. 177 (lyr.); τά γ' ἐμὰ π. my experiences, Pl. Phd. 96a; τὸ δρᾶμα τοῦ πάθους πλέον A. Ag. 533; opp. ἔργα, Pl. Phdr. 245c, Arist. Cael. 298a28; opp. πρᾶξις, Pl. Lg. 876d; ἤθη καὶ π. καὶ πράξεις Arist. Po. 1447a28. in bad sense, misfortune, calamity, A. Pr. 703, Hdt. 1.91, Lys. 32.10, etc.; οὐλίῳ σὺν πάθει S. Aj. 932 (lyr.); τὰ τῆς Νιόβης π. Pl. R. 380a, etc.; ἀνήκεστον π. ἔρδειν to do an act which is an irreparable mischief to one, Hdt. 1.137; μετὰ τῆς θυγατρὸς τὸ π., i.e. her death, Id. 2.133; π. μέγα πεπονθέναι, of a great defeat, Id. 3.147, cf. 5.87, al. = πάθημα 11.2, Arist. GA 738a16, 750a30, Gal. 10.91.
II of the soul, emotion, passion (λέγω δὲ πάθη.. ὅλως οἷς ἕπεται ἡδονὴ ἢ λύπη Arist. EN 1105b21), σοφίη ψυχὴν παθῶν ἀφαιρεῖται Democr. 31; διὰ πάθους Th. 3.84; ἐρωτικὸν π. Pl. Phdr. 265b; π. ποιεῖν to excite passion, Arist. Rh. 1418a12; ἐν π. εἶναι Id. Pol. 1287b3; ἐκτὸς τοῦ π. εἶναι to be exempt from passion, Teles p.56 H.; ἔξω τῶν π. γίγνεσθαι D.C. 60.3; περὶ παθῶν, title of work by Zeno the Stoic, D.L. 7.4; in Epicur., sensation (including pleasure and pain), ἀκουστικὸν π. Ephesians 1 p.13U., cf. p.19 U. (pl.); ὡς κανόνι τῷ π. πᾶν ἀγαθὸν κρίνοντες ib. 3p.63U.
III
1. state, condition, τὸ τῆς παντοδαπῆς ἀγνοίας π. Pl. Sph. 228e, cf. 243c, Plt. 277d, Revelation 22:1-21 c; opp. ἐνέργεια, A.D. Synt. 12.17; opp. ποίημα, Pl. Sph. 248d.
2. incidents of things, changes or happenings occurring in them, τὰ οὐράνια π. Pl. Hp.Ma. 285c; τὰ περὶ τὸν οὐρανὸν π. Id. Phd. 96c; τὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ π. καὶ μέρη Arist. Metaph. 986a5; π. τοῦτο, ὃ καλεῖν εἰώθαμεν σεισμόν Id. Mu. 395b36.
3. properties, qualities of things, opp. οὐσία, Pl. Euthphr. 11a; π. λέγεται.. ποιότης καθ' ἣν ἀλλοιοῦσθαι ἐνδέχεται, οἷον τὸ λευκὸν καὶ τὸ μέλαν, καὶ γλυκὺ καὶ πικρόν, καὶ βαρύτης καὶ κουφότης, κτλ. Arist. Metaph. 1022b15; τῶν ἀριθμῶν π. ib. 985b29; ἀριθμοῖς καὶ γραμμαῖς καὶ τοῖς τούτων π. Iamb.
1. Comm. Math. 23; γεωμετρία περὶ τὰ συμβεβηκότα πάθη τοῖς μεγέθεσι Arist. Rh. 1355b31, cf. APo. 75b1; τῶν φυτῶν τὰ μέρη καὶ τὰ π. Thphr. HP 1.1.1; αἱ δυνάμεις καὶ τὰ π. ib. 8.4.2. Gramm., modification in form of words (esp. dialectal), πάθη τῆς λέξεως Arist. Rh. 1460b12, cf. A.D. Pron. 38.24, al.
2. in Syntax, modified construction, of omission or redundancy, Id. Synt. 6.15, 267.8. passivity, D.T. 637.30, A.D. Synt. 12.17, al. in writing, signs other than accents and breathings (ἀπόστροφος, ὑφέν, ὑποδιαστολή), D.T. Supp. 1p.107U. Rhet., emotional style or treatment, τὸ σφοδρὸν καὶ ἐνθουσιαστικὸν π. Longin. 8.1; πάθος ποιεῖν Arist. Rh. 1418a12; πράγματα π. ἔχοντα Plu. 2.711e, etc.: pl., πάθη διεστῶτα ὕψους Longin. 8.2.
πάθος, πάθους, τό (παθεῖν, πάσχω), from Aeschylus and Herodotus down; equivalent to πάθημα (which see; (the latter differs from πάθος (if at all) only in being the more individualizing and concrete term; cf. Schmidt, Synonym, chapter 24 § 11));
1. whatever befalls one, whether it be sad or joyous; specifically, a calamity, mishap, evil, affliction.
2. a feeling which the mind suffers, an affection of the mind, emotion, passion; passionate desire; used by the Greeks in either a good or a bad sense (cf. Aristotle, eth. Nic. 2, 4 (cf. Cope, Introduction to Aristotles Rhet., p. 133f; and his note on rhet. 2, 22, 16)). In the N. T. in a bad sense, depraved passion: Colossians 3:5; πάθη ἀτιμίας, vile passions, Romans 1:26 (see ἀτιμία); ἐν πάθει ἐπιθυμίας (in the passion of lust), genitive of apposit. (Winer's Grammar, § 59, 8 a.), 1 Thessalonians 4:5. [SYNONYMS: πάθος, ἐπιθυμία: πάθος presents the passive, ἐπιθυμία the active side of a vice; ἐπιθυμία is more comprehensive in meaning than πάθος; ἐπιθυμία is (evil) desire, πάθος ungovernable desire. Cf. Trench, § lxxxvii.; Lightfoot on Colossians 3:5.]
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πάθος , -ους , τό
(< πάιτχω ),
[in LXX: Job 30:31 (H60), Proverbs 25:20, and very freq. in (4 Maccabees 1:1 n, al.)*;]
like πάθημα ;
1. that which befalls one, that which one suffers.
2. a passive emotion or affection (esp. of violent emotion), a passion, passionate desire; in NT always in bad sense: Colossians 3:5; Papyri ἀτιμίας , Romans 1:26; Papyri ἐπιθυμίας , 1 Thessalonians 4:5.†
SYN.: Papyri = πάθημα G3804, exc. that πάθημα is the more concrete and particular. In NT usage, Papyri represents the passive, ungoverned aspect of evil desire, as opp. to ἐπιθυμία G1939, which is the active and also the more comprehensive term (v. Tr., Syn., LXXxvii); cf. also ὄρεξις G3715.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For this verb ";watch carefully,"; as in Mark 3:2 al., cf. P Par 42.9 (B.C. 156) (= UPZ i. p. 318) χαριεῖ δὲ συμπαραστὰς ἡμῖν ἐν τοῖς λοιποῖς καὶ παρατηρήσας τοὺς ἀλάστορας, ";you will do us a favour if for the future you will stand by us and keep a watchful eye on the criminals,"; and P Oxy VI. 937.16 (iii/A.D.) παραγγέλλω σοι ἵνα. . παραγγείλῃς ̣ πᾶσι τοῖς ἐκεῖ. . παρατηρεῖσθαι αὐτήν, ";I bid you to bid all who are there to keep a strict watch on it (a stone bowl).";
In Luke 20:20 Field (Notes, p. 74) prefers to take the verb absolutely, ";watching their opportunity."; Hobart p. 153 f. illustrates its use for close observation of an illness. Tebt Ostr 10 (ii/A.D.) (= P Tebt II. p. 337) contains ";a note of a number of days on which an unnamed person παρατηρῖ."; For the verb with reference to the scrupulous (not ";wrongful";) observance of days and seasons in Galatians 4:10, Burton (ICC ad l.) cites Dion Cass. xxxviii. 13 τὰ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ γιγνόμενα παρατηρεῖν, and three passages from Josephus. See also Aristeas 246.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
