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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #3788 - ὀφθαλμός
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ὀφθαλμός, ὁ,
(ὄπωπ-α, ὀφ-θῆναι, v. ὄψ B)
I
1. eye, used by Hom. and Hes. mostly in pl.; ὀφθαλμοὶ δ' ὡς εἰ κέρα ἕστασαν.. ἀτρέμας ἐν βλεφάροισι Od. 19.211: sg., παίειν τινὰ ἐς τὸν ὀ. Hdt. 9.22: the pl. continued most common, but the dual also occurs, as in Ar. Nu. 362: pl. is used in many phrases, ἐλθέμεν ἐς ὀφθαλμούς τινος before one's eyes, Il. 24.204; οὐδ' Ἀχιλῆος ὀφθαλμοὺς εἴσειμι ib. 463; ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἰδεῖν, ὁρᾶσθαι, etc., 10.275, Od. 4.47, etc.; but ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶν, νοεῖν, to see before one's eyes, 8.459, Il. 24.312; ἔχειν ἐν ὀ. to have before one's eyes, X. An. 4.5.29; τὰ ἐν ὀ. what is before one's eyes, Pl. Tht. 174c; τὸ ἐν τοῖς ὀ. δὴ γελοῖον what was ridiculous to the eye, Id. R. 452d; ἐπίπροσθε τῶν ὀ. Id. Smp. 213a; πρὸ τῶν ὀ. προφαίνεσθαι Aeschin. 2.148; ἐπ' ὀφθαλμῶν Luc. Tox. 20; γενέσθαι τινὶ ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν to get out of any one's sight, Hdt. 5.106; ἐξ ὀ. ἀποπέμψασθαι Id. 1.120; ἐξ ὀ. ποιεῖν Alciphr. 3.20; κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς λέγειν τινί to tell one to one's face, opp. εἰς οὖς, Ar. Ra. 626; τυράννου κατ' ὀ. κατηγορεῖν to accuse him to his face, X. Hier. 1.14: sg. in the phrase πρὸς ὀφθαλμὸν ἐπιχεῖν, μίσγειν, by eye, PHolm. 7.23, PLeid.X. 62; eyes were painted on the bows of vessels, βλοσυροῖς κατὰ πρῷραν ὀφθαλμοῖς οἷον βλέπει Philostr. Im. 1.19, cf. IG 22.1607.24, Poll. 1.86; whence the joke in Ar. Ach. 97.
2. στέρησις ὀφθαλμῶν temporary loss of sight, Gal. 17(1).400.
II in sg., the eye of a master or ruler, πάντα ἰδὼν Διὸς ὀ. Hes. Op. 267; Δίκης ὀ. ὃς τὰ πάνθ' ὁρᾷ Men. Mon. 179; δεσπότου ὀ. X. Oec. 12.20; ἀκοίμητος ὀ., of God, Secund. Sent. 3; so a king is called ὀ. οἴκων A. Ch. 934 (so ὄμμα Pers. 169); and in Persia ὀφθαλμὸς βασιλέως the king's eye was a confidential officer, through whom he beheld his kingdom and subjects, A. Pers. 979 (lyr.), Hdt. 1.114, Ar. Ach. 92, X. Cyr. 8.2.10 sq., Arist. Pol. 1287b29, Ph. 1.642; cf. οὖς.
III the eye of heaven, ἑσπέρας ὀ., νυκτὸς ὀ., of the moon, Pi. O. 3.20, A. Th. 390; also οὐράνιος ὀ., of the sun, Secund. Sent. 5. the dearest, best, as the eye is the most precious part of the body, hence of men, ὀ. Σικελίας, στρατιᾶς, Pi. O. 2.10, 6.16; also, light, cheer, comfort, μέγας [γ'] ὀ. οἱ πατρὸς τάφοι S. OT 987, cf. E. Andr. 406. eye or bud of a plant or tree, Alcm. 43, Ion Eleg. 1.6, Hp. Nat.Puer. 26, X. Oec. 19.10, Thphr. HP 1.8.5, etc. a surgical bandage covering one or both eyes, Hp. Off. 7, Heliod. ap. Orib. 48.29, 30. Archit., in dual, the disks forming the centres of the volutes of an Ionic capital, IG 12.374.291.
ὀφθαλμός , -οῦ , ὁ ,
[in LXX chiefly for H5869;]
the eye (as in cl., chiefly p1.): Matthew 5:38, Mark 9:47 Luke 6:41, John 9:6, al.; τοὺς ὀ . ἐξορύσσειν (fig.), Galatians 4:15; ἐπᾶραι , Luke 6:20, John 6:5; ἀνοῖξαι , Acts 9:40; id., of restoring sight, Matthew 20:33, John 9:10, al.; ἐν ῥιπῇ ὀφθαλμῦ , 1 Corinthians 15:52; by anthropom., of God, Hebrews 4:13, 1 Peter 3:12; pleonastically (cf. Thackeray, Gr., 42 f.), εἶδον οἱ ὀ . μου , Luke 2:30 (similarly, Luke 4:20; Luke 10:23, John 12:40, 1 Corinthians 2:9, 1 John 1:1, Revelation 1:7). Metaph. (as otherwise in cl.; v. LS, s.v.);
(a) of ethical qualities: ὀ . πονηρός (meton., for envy; cf. Heb. H7451 H5869, Proverbs 28:22; cf. Sirach 14:10; Sirach 34:13), Matthew 6:22-23, Mark 7:22, Luke 11:34; ἁπλοῦς , Matthew 6:22, Luke 11:34; ἐπιθυρία (q.v.) ὀφθαλμῶν (cf. Ecclesiastes 4:8, Sirach 14:9), 1 John 2:16; ὀ . μεστοὶ μοιχαλίδος , 2 Peter 2:14;
(b) of mental vision: Matthew 13:15, Mark 8:18, Luke 19:42, John 12:40, Romans 11:8, Galatians 3:1, Ephesians 1:18, al.; ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς seq. gen. (on the absence of the art., v. Bl., § 46, 9n; M, Pr., 81), Matthew 21:42, Mark 12:11
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The derived sense ";comfort,"; ";console,"; as in 1 Thessalonians 5:14, is well illustrated by the Christian letter written by a servant to his master regarding the illness of his mistress—P Oxy VI. 939.26 (iv/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 130) παραμυθούμ [ε ]θ ̣α ̣ δ ̣ε ̣̣ αὐτὴν ἑκάστης ὥρας ἐκδεχόμενοι τὴν [σ ]ὴν ἄφιξιν, ";but we are comforting her by hourly expecting your arrival."; See also P Fay 19.6 (ii/A.D.) παρα ]μυθούμενον καὶ προτρέποντα, ";comforting and tending,"; with reference to Antoninus’ care of the Emperor Hadrian. The double compd. προσπαραμυθέομαι is found in Syll 342 (= .3 762).29 (c. B.C. 48) τὴν εὔνοιαν τοῦ [βασιλέ ]ως πρὸς τὴν τ [ῆ ]ς πόλεως σωτη [ρί ]αν προσπαραμ [υθού ]μενος.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Sixth Week after Easter