Bible Lexicons

ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε,

demonstr. Pron., this, formed by adding the enclit. -δε to the old demonstr. Pron. ὁ, ἡ, τό, and declined like it through all cases: dat. pl. τοῖσδεσσι, τοῖσδεσσιν, as well as τοῖσδε, Il. 10.462, Od. 2.47, al.; and τοῖσδεσι 10.268, 21.93; τοῖσδεσιν Democr. 175; τοισίδε Hdt. 1.32, al.: Aeol. gen. pl. τῶνδεων Alc. 126: Arg. gen. pl. τωνδεωνήν (= τῶνδεων ἤν) Mnemos. 57.208 (vi B. C.): nom. pl. neut. ταδήν ibid., IG 4.506.1; ταδή Sch. Ar. Ach. 744: — ὅδε, like οὗτος, is opp. ἐκεῖνος, to designate what is nearer as opp. to what is more remote; but ὅδε refers more distinctly to what is present, to what can be seen or pointed out, though this distinction is sts. not observed, e.g. ξύμπας Ἀχαιῶν λαός, ἐν δὲ τοῖσδ' ἐγώ S. Ph. 1243 (v.l. τοῖς), cf. Ant. 449, and on the other hand, ἦ τόνδε φράζεις; — τοῦτον, ὅνπερ εἰσορᾷς Id. OT 1120: the forms ὁδί, ἡδί, etc. [ῑ], are freq. in Com. and Oratt., but are not used in Trag.: the ῑ may be separated from the ὅδε by the adversative δέ, as τὸν μὲν.., τηνδεδί Ar. Av. 18, cf. Ec. 989.

I

1. of Place, to point out what is present or before one, Ἕκτορος ἥδε γυνή this is, or here is, the wife of Hector, Il. 6.460: very freq. in Trag., ἀκτὴ μὲν ἥδε Λήμνου S. Ph. I, cf. E. Tr. 4, Ion 5, Hel. I, HF 4, Ba. 1; in Com., ἐγὼ σιωπῶ τῷδε; Ar. Ra. 1134, etc.; and in Prose, ὧν Θεόδωρος εἷς ὅδε Pl. Tht. 164e; of what belongs to this world, Id. Phdr. 250a, Smp. 211c.

2. with Verbs of action, = here, ἀνδρί, ὅστις ὅδε κρατέει who holds sway here, Il. 5.175; ἔγχος μὲν τόδε κεῖται ἐπὶ χθονός here it lies, 20.345, cf. 21.533, Od. 1.185, etc.; ἥδ' ἡ κορώνη.. λέγει the crow here.., v.l. in Ar. Av. 23: freq. in Trag., esp. to indicate the entrance of a person on the stage, καὶ μὴν Ἐτεοκλῆς.. ὅδε χωρεῖ here comes.., E. Ph. 443, cf. S. OT 297, 531, 632, OC 32, 549; f.l. in E. Heracl. 80.

3. with a pers. Pron., ὅδ' ἐγὼ.. ἤλυθον here am I come, Od. 16.205; ἡμεῖς οἵδε περιφραζώμεθα let us here.., 1.76; δῶρα δ' ἐγὼν ὅδε.. παρασχέμεν here am I [ready] to provide.., Il. 19.140: with a pr. n., ὅδ' εἰμ' Ὀρέστης E. Or. 380: with αὐτός, ὅδ' αὐτὸς ἐγώ Od. 21.207, 24.321.

4. also with τίς and other interrog. words, τίς δ' ὅδε Ναυσικάᾳ ἕπεται; who is this following her? 6.276, cf. 1.225; τί κακὸν τόδε πάσχετε; what is this evil ye are suffering? 20.351; πρὸς ποῖον ἂν τόνδ'.. ἔπλει; S. Ph. 572, cf. 1204.

5. in Trag. dialogue, ὅδε and ὅδ' ἀνήρ, = ἐγώ, Id. OT 534, 815, etc.; γυναικὸς τῆσδε, for ἐμοῦ, A. Ag. 1438; τῆσδέ γε ζώσης ἔτι S. Tr. 305; so ξὺν τῇδε χερί with this hand of mine, Id. Ant. 43, cf. OT 811.

6. in Arist., τοδί designates a particular thing, 'such and such', τοδὶ διὰ τοδὶ αἱρεῖται EN 1151a35; τόδε μετὰ τόδε GA 734a28, cf. b9; Καλλίᾳ κάμνοντι τηνδὶ τὴν νόσον τοδὶ συνήνεγκε Metaph. 981a8; τόδε τὸ ἐν τῷ ἡμικυκλίῳ APo. 71a20; ἥδε ἡ ἰατρική, opp. αὐτὴ ἡ ἰ., Metaph. 997b30; τόδε τι a this, i.e. a fully specified particular, Cat. 3b10, al., cf. Gal. 6.113,171; τόδε τι καὶ οὐσία Arist. Metaph. 1060b1; πορευσόμεθα εἰς τήνδε τὴν πόλιν James 4:13.

II

1. of Time, to indicate the immediate present, ἥδ' ἡμέρα S. OT 438, etc.: more strongly, κατ' ἦμαρ.. τὸ νῦν τόδε Id. Aj. 753; τοῦδ' αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος Od. 14.161; but νυκτὸς τῆσδε in the night just past, S. Aj. 21; νυκτὶ τῇδε Id. El. 644; so τῆσδε τῆς ὁδοῦ on this present journey, Id. OT 1478, cf. Ant. 878 (cj.); also ἀπόλλυμαι τάλας ἔτος τόδ' ἤδη δέκατον now for these ten years, Id. Ph. 312; τῶνδε τῶν ἀσκητῶν athletes of the present day, Pl. R. 403e.

2. ἐς τόδε elliptic c. gen., ἐς τόδ' ἡμέρας E. Ph. 425; ἐς τόδε ἡλικίης Hdt. 7.38; πῶς ἐς τόδ' ἂν τόλμης ἔβη; S. OT 125.

III

1. in sentences beginning this Isa., the Engl. this is freq. represented by nom. pl. neut. τάδε ; ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἔρανος τάδε γ' ἐστίν this is not an ἔρανος, Od. 1.226; ἆρ' οὐχ ὕβρις τάδ'; is not this insolence? S. OC 883; of persons, Ἀπόλλων τάδ' ἦν this was A., S. OT 1329 (lyr.); οὐ γὰρ ἔσθ' Ἕκτωρ τάδε E. Andr. 168; οὐκέτι Τροία τάδε Id. Tr. 100 (anap.); οὐ τάδε Βρόμιος Id. Cyc. 63 (lyr.); οὐκ Ἴωνες τάδε εἰσίν Th. 6.77; τάδ' οὐχὶ Πελοπόννησος, ἀλλ' Ἰωνία Inscr. ap. Str. 9.1.6.

2. to indicate something immediately to come, τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ (which then follows) Il. 1.41, 504, cf. 455, al.; Ἀθηναίων οἵδε ἀπέθανον IG 12.943.2: hence, in historical writers, opp. what goes before (cf. οὗτος c. 1.2), ταῦτα μὲν Λακεδαιμόνιοι λέγουσι.., τάδε δὲ ἐγὼ γράφω Hdt. 6.53; ταῦτα μὲν δὴ σὺ λέγεις· παρ' ἡμῶν δὲ ἀπάγγελλε τάδε X. An. 2.1.20, etc.; v. οὗτος B. 1.2; opp. ἐκεῖνος, S. El. 784: rarely applied to different persons in the same sentence, νῦν ὅδε [La[*]us] πρὸς τῆς τύχης ὄλωλεν, οὐδὲ τοῦδ' ὕπο [by Oedipus] Id. OT 948.

3. as 'antecedent' to a defining Relat., ὃν πόλις στήσειε, τοῦδε χρὴ κλύειν Id. Ant. 666, cf. Tr. 23, Ph. 87, etc.: in Hom., in such cases, the δέ is separate, as ὃς δέ κε μηρίνθοιο τύχῃ.., ὁ δ' οἴσεται ἡμιπέλεκκα Il. 23.858, cf. Od. 11.148, 149, al. (but ὅδε sts. has its deictic force and the relat. clause merely explains, as νήσου τῆσδ' ἐφ' ἧς ναίει S. Ph. 613, cf. Il. 2.346, X. An. 7.3.47, etc.). Adverbial usage of some cases:

1 τῇδε, of Place, here, on the spot, Il. 12.345, Od. 6.173, etc.; so τῶν τε ὑπὸ γῆς θεῶν καὶ τῶν τ. Pl. Lg. 958d. of Manner, thus, A. Eu. 45; ὅρα δὲ καὶ τ., ὅτι.. Pl. Phd. 79e, cf. R. 433e, etc.

2. acc. neut. τόδε with ἱκάνω, etc., hither, to this spot, Il. 14.298, Od. 1.409, al.; also δεῦρο τόδε Il. 14.309, Od. 17.444, 524. therefore, on this account, τόδε χώεο 23.213: so also acc. pl. neut., τάδε γηθήσειε on this account, Il. 9.77.

3. dat. pl. neut., τοισίδε in or with these words, τοισίδε ἀμείβεται Hdt. 1.120; τοισίδε προέχει in these respects, ib. 32.