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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3568 - νῦν
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- at this time, the present, now
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νῦν
(for νυν, νυ, v. infr. II),
I
1. Adv. now, both of the present moment, and of the present time generally, οἳ ν. βροτοί εἰσιν mortals of our day, Il. 1.272; so in Ion. and Att., οἱ ν. [ἄνθρωποι] men of the present day, Hdt. 1.68; οἵ γε ν. Pi. O. 1.105, B. 5.4, cf. Arist. Metaph. 1069a26; ὁ ν. τρόπος, τὸ ν. βαρβαρικόν, Th. 1.6; Βοιωτοὶ οἱ ν. ib. 12; ὁ ν. παρὼν χρόνος S. Tr. 174, al., Pl. Prm. 141e; ἡμέρα ἡ ν. S. OT 351; νὺξ ἡ ν. Id. Ant. 16; ἡ ν. ὁδός Id. El. 1295; τὸ ν. the present, Arist. Ph. 218a6, al.; ἀπὸ τοῦ ν. Pl. Prm. 152c, LXX Genesis 46:30, etc.; ἀπὸ ν. AP 5.40 (Rufin.); ἕως τοῦ ν. LXX Genesis 46:34; μέχρι ν. (v.l. μ. τοῦ ν.) D.S. 17.110; τὰ ν. simply, = ν., Hdt. 7.104, E. Heracl. 641, etc.; τό περ ν. Pi. N. 7.101; τὰ δὲ ν. S. OC 133 (lyr.); τὸ ν. εἶναι Pl. R. 506e, X. Cyr. 5.3.42, Arist. Ath. 31.2; τὸ ν. ἔχον Acts 24:25.
2. of the immediate past, just now, but now, ν. Μενέλαος ἐνίκησεν Il. 3.439, cf. 13.772, Od. 1.43, S. OC 84, X. Cyr. 4.5.48; ν. γοῦν ἐπεχείρησας Pl. R. 341c; ἡλίκα ν. ἐτραγῴδει D. 18.13.
3. of the future, presently, ν. αὖτ' ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι Il. 5.279, cf. 20.307, Od. 1.200; ν. φεύξομαι, τόθ' ἁγνὸς ὤν E. El. 975; cf. νῦν δή, νυνί.
4. sts. opp. to what might have been under other circumstances, as it is (or was), as the case stands (or stood), as a matter offact, ν. δ' ὁ μὲν ὣς ἀπόλωλε Od. 1.166; εἰ μὲν ὑπώπτευον, οὐκ ἂν.. ἐποιούμην· ν. δὲ κτλ. Th. 4.126, cf. 1.122, 3.113, Pl. Cra. 384b, D. 18.195, etc.; καὶ ν. even so, X. An. 7.4.24, 7.7.17.
5. coupled with other Particles, τὰ ν. γε S. Ph. 245, etc.; ν. γε μάν Pi. P. 1.50; ν. δή, v. h. v.: with other expressions of Time, ν... σήμερον, ν. ἡμέρη ἥδε, Il. 7.29, 13.828; ν. ἤδη henceforth, S. Ant. 801 (anap.), etc.; ν... ἄρτι but now, Pl. Cra. 396c.
II enclit. (but see below) νυν, νυ. [νυ only , Boeot., and Cypr. (also Arc. in ὅνυ, q. v.); νῠν twice in Hom., Il. 10.105, 23.485: ῡ in Trag. (ῡ A. Th. 242, 246, S. Ant. 705, E. Or. 1678, etc.; ῠ S. Tr. 92, E. Andr. 91, etc.), ῡ in Com. (Ar. V. 1381, Pl. 975, al.), exc. Cratin. 144, Ar. Th. 105 (lyr., citing Agatho), and perh. Nu. 141; both quantities in τοίνυν, q.v.]
1 rarely of Time, now, perh. so used in Il. 10.105, cf. Parm. 19.1, Pi. P. 11.44, al., Epich. 170.6.
2. in mostly as a particle of emphasis, ἧκε δ' ἐπ' Ἀργείοισι κακὸν βέλος· οἱ δέ νυ λαοὶ θνῇσκον Il. 1.382, etc.: freq. coupled with other Particles or Conjs., ἦ ῥά ν. 4.93; καί νύ κεν 3.373; οὔ ν., μή νύ τοι, 10.165, 1.28; ἐπεί νύ τοι ib. 416; ὥς νύ περ 2.258.
3. in commands or entreaties, μή ν. μοι νεμεσήσετ' 15.115: freq. with other Advbs., δεῦρό ν. come now ! 23.485; ἐνταῦθά ν. ὕβριζε A. Pr. 82, cf. Ar. Th. 1001, V. 149, Pl. 724; εἶά ν. Id. Pax 467, V. 430, Pl. 316: freq. with imper., φέρε ν. ib. 789; ἄγε ν. Id. Pax 1056, V. 381; σπεῦδέ ν. Id. Pl. 414; σίγαν. S. Aj. 87, Cratin.l.c.; περίδου ν. Ar. Nu. 644, cf. X. Cyr. 5.3.21, etc.; ὕφαινέ ν. B. 18.8; so in Boeot., ν. ἔνθω IG 7.3172.88 (Orchom.); also in Cypr. with opt. in commands, δυϝάνοι ν., δώκοι ν., Inscr.Cypr. 135.6,16 H. (Idalion).
4. in questions, τίς ν. ; τί ν.; who, what, why now? Il. 5.373, 1.414, 4.31; ἦ νυ..; Od. 6.125. [In signf.
I always perispom. In signf.
II perispom. exc. when short, Hdn.Gr. 2.39, al.; enclit. when short, sts. in codd., as Il. 23.485 (Pap. in AJP 21.304, etc.; oxyt. when = δή, Tyrannioap.Hdn.Gr.2.27; καθ' ὁμαλισμόν or κατ' ἔγκλισιν when= δή, Sch. Ar. Pl. 414, Sch. A.R. 1.664). In codd. usu. perispom. in both senses, A. Pr. 82, Th. 242, 246, S. Ant. 705, El. 324, Ar. Pl. 414, V. 758, 922, etc.; even νῠν is written νῦν in codd. vett. Pi. passim, also in S. Aj. 87, Tr. 92, etc.; hence νυν may freq. be restored where the sense requires it. The accent of τοίνῡ ν perh. shows that both νῠν and νῡν could be enclitic. —
Position: in signf.
I νῦν can occupy any position; in signf.
II it prefers (like other enclitics, but also like ἄν, δέ, γάρ, etc.) the second place in the sentence, e.g. πρός νύν σε πατρός S. Ph. 468, cf. OC 1333; ἀπό νύν με λείπετ' ἤδη Id. Ph. 1177 (lyr.); μετά νυν δός E. Supp. 56 (lyr.); νυ (always enclitic) precedes other enclitics and allows only δέ to precede.] (Cf. Skt. nú, n[umacracute], nûnám, O E. nû 'now', etc.)
νῦν, and νυνί (which see in its place), adverb now, Latinnunc (the Sept. for עַתָּה; (from Homer down));
1. adverb of Time, now, i. e. at the present time;
a. so used that by the thing which is now said to be or to be done the present time is opposed to past time: John 4:18; John 9:21; Acts 16:37; Acts 23:21; Romans 13:11; 2 Thessalonians 2:6; 2 Corinthians 7:9; 2 Corinthians 13:2; Philippians 1:30; Philippians 2:12; Philippians 3:18; Colossians 1:24, etc.; frequently it denotes a somewhat extended portion of present time as opposed to a former state of things: Luke 16:25; Acts 7:4; Galatians 1:23; Galatians 3:3; specifically, the time since certain persons received the Christian religion, Romans 5:9, 11; Romans 6:19, 21; Romans 8:1; Galatians 2:20; Galatians 4:29; 1 Peter 2:10, 25; or the time since man has had the blessing of the gospel, as opposed to past times, equivalent to in our times, our age: Acts 7:52; Romans 16:26; 2 Corinthians 6:2; Ephesians 3:5, 10; 2 Timothy 1:10; 1 Peter 1:12; 1 Peter 3:21,(cf. Epistle ad Diogn. 1 [ET]).
b. opposed to future time: John 12:21; John 13:36 (opposed to ὕστερον);
c. Sometimes νῦν with the present is used of what will occur forthwith or soon, Luke 2:29; John 12:31; John 16:5; John 17:13; Acts 26:17. with a preterite, of what has just been done, Matthew 26:65; John 21:10; or very lately (but now, just now, hyperbolically, equivalent to a short time ago), νῦν ἐζήτουν σε λιθάσαι οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, John 11:8; cf. Kypke at the passage; Vig. ed. Herm., p. 425f with a future, of those future things which are thought of as already begun to be done, John 12:31; or of those which will be done instantly, Acts 13:11 (here others supply ἐστι; Winers Grammar, § 64, 2 a.); or soon, Acts 20:22 (here πορεύομαι merely has inherent future force; cf. Buttmann, § 137, 10 a.).
d. with the imperative it often marks the proper or fit time for doing a thing: Matthew 27:42; Mark 15:32; John 2:8. Hence, it serves to point an exhortation in ἄγε νῦν, come now: James 4:13; James 5:1 (where it is more correctly written ἄγε νῦν, cf. Passow, ii., p. 372).
e. with other particles, by which the contrast in time is marked more precisely: καί νῦν, even now (now also), John 11:22; Philippians 1:20; and now, John 17:5; Acts 7:34 (cf. 2 below);
b. f. with the article; α. with neuter accusative absolutely of the article, τά νῦν, as respects the present; at present, now (in which sense it is written also τανῦν (so Grab. always, Rec. twice; classic editions often τανῦν; cf. Tdf. Proleg., p. 111; Chandler, Accent, § 826)): Acts 4:29; Acts 17:30; Acts 20:32; Acts 27:22 (2 Macc. 15:8; often in classical Greek; also τό νῦν, 1 Macc. 7:35 1 Macc. 9:9; cf. Krüger, § 50, 5, 13; Bernhardy (1829), p. 328; Alexander Buttmann (1873) Gram. § 125, 8 Anm. 8 (5)); the things that now are, the present things, Judith 9:5; the accusative absolute, as respects the things now taking place, equivalent to as respects the case in hand, Acts 5:38. β. ὁ, ἡ, τό νῦν, the present, joined to substantives: as ὁ νῦν αἰών, 1 Timothy 6:17; 2 Timothy 4:10; Titus 2:12; καιρός, Romans 3:26; Romans 8:18; Romans 11:5; (2 Corinthians 8:14 (13)); νῦν ἱεροσαλημ, Galatians 4:25; οἱ νῦν οὐρανοί, 2 Peter 3:7; μου τῆς πρός ὑμᾶς νῦν (or νυνί) ἀπολογίας, Acts 22:1. γ. τό νῦν with prepositions: ἀπό τοῦ νῦν (the Sept. for מֵעַתָּה)' from this time onward (A. V. from henceforth), Luke 1:48; Luke 5:10; Luke 12:52; Luke 22:69; Acts 18:6; 2 Corinthians 5:16; ἄχρι τοῦ νῦν, Romans 8:22; Philippians 1:5; ἕως τοῦ νῦν (the Sept. for עַתָּה עַד), Matthew 24:21; Mark 13:19.
2. Like our now and the Latinnunc, it stands in a conclusion or sequence; "as things now are, as the matter now stands; under these circumstances; in the present state of affairs; since these things are so; as it is": Luke 11:39 (νῦν i. e. since ye are intent on observing the requirements of tradition; (but others take νῦν here of time — a covert allusion to a former and better state of things)); Colossians 1:24 (others, of time; cf. Meyer, Lightfoot, Ellicott at the passage); καί νῦν, 1 John 2:28; 2 John 1:5; καί νῦν δεῦρο, Acts 7:34. νῦν δέ (and νυνί δέ see, νυνί, but note; now however; but as it is; (often in classical Greek; cf. Vig. edition, Herm., p. 426; Matthiae, ii., p. 1434f; Kühner, § 498, 2 (or Jelf, § 719, 2)): 1 Corinthians 7:14; James 4:16, and R G in Hebrews 9:26; especially after a conditional statement with εἰ and the indicative preterite, Luke 19:42; John 8:40; John 9:41; John 15:22, 24; John 18:36; 1 Corinthians 12:20; (cf. Buttmann, § 151, 26). In Revelation νῦν does not occur. (Synonym: see ἄρτι.)
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νῦν ,
adv.,
[in LXX chiefly for H6258;]
1. prop., of time, now, i.e. at the present time: as opp. to past, John 4:18, Acts 7:52, Romans 13:11, 2 Corinthians 7:9, Colossians 1:24, al.; opp. to fut., John 12:27, Romans 11:31, al.; c. art., ὁ (ἡ , τὸ ) ν . et subst., the present: Romans 3:26, Galatians 4:25, 1 Timothy 6:17, Titus 2:12, al.; ἀπὸ τοῦ ν . (LXX for H6258, 2 Chronicles 16:9), Luke 1:48, Acts 18:6, al.; ἄχρι τοῦ ν ., Romans 8:22, Philippians 1:5; ἕως τοῦ ν . (LXX for H6258 H5704), Matthew 24:21, Mark 13:19; τὰ ν ., as regards the present, Acts 5:38; c. pret., just now, but now, Matthew 26:65, John 11:8; John 21:10; c. fut., now, presently, John 12:31, Acts 20:22; so c. praes., presently, forthwith, John 12:31; John 17:13; καὶ ν ., John 11:22; John 17:5, al.; ἀλλὰ ν ., Luke 22:36; ἔτι ν ., 1 Corinthians 3:2; τότε (πότε ) . . . ν . (δέ ), Romans 6:21; Romans 11:30; ν . ἤδη , 1 John 4:3; ν . οὖν , Acts 10:33, al.
2. Of logical sequence (often difficult to disting. from the temporal sense; cf. Lft., Notes, 113 f.), now, therefore, now, however, as it is: Luke 11:39; καὶ ν ., Acts 3:17, 2 Thessalonians 2:6, 1 John 2:28; id. seq. δεῦρο , Acts 7:34; ν . δέ , John 8:40; John 9:41; John 15:22; John 15:24; John 18:36, 1 Corinthians 5:11; 1 Corinthians 7:14; 1 Corinthians 12:20, al. (cf. WM, 579n).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
An interesting parallel to John 5:19 where ὁμοίως should not be translated ";in like manner"; (RV) but ";likewise"; (AV : cf. John 6:11; John 21:13) is afforded by P Par 47.8 (c. B.C. 153) (= Selections, p. 22) where the writer bitterly exclaims—ὀμνύο τὸν Σαρᾶπιν. . . ὅτι ψευδῆι πάντα καὶ οἱ παρὰ σὲ θεοὶ ὁμοίως, ";I swear by Serapis that all things are false and your gods likewise."; Cf. ib. 60.8 f. (c. B.C. 154) ὁμοίως καὶ Κότταβος, ὁμοίως καὶ Χεντοσνεύς, BGU IV. 1167.24 (B.C. 12) ἐφ᾽ ὧι ὁμοίως μὴ (επελεύσε)σθαι τὴν Ἰσιδώ (ραν) κατὰ μη (δένα) τρόπ (ον), and P Ryl II. 243.13 (ii/A.D.) δέξαι παρὰ Νιννάρου ἰς λόγον Εἰρήνης τὸ ἐπιβάλλον αὐτῇ μέρος καὶ ἰς τὸ [ν ]λόγον Δημαρίου ὁμοίως δέξαι πα [ρ ]ὰ [Ἁτ ]ρῆτος τὸ ἐπιβάλλον αὐτῇ μέρος, ";receive from Ninnarus for Irene’s account the share belonging to her, and likewise from Hatres for Demarion’s account the share belonging to her."; The adv. is common = ";ditto,"; e.g. CP Hem I. 127iii. 14 al (= p. 73). See also s.v. ὡσαύτως.
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