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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1119 - γόνυ
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- the knee, to kneel down
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γόνῠ, τό,
gen. γόνατος, and Ion. γούνατος (for γόνϝατος) Il. 21.591, Hdt. 2.80: pl. nom. γούνατα Il. 5.176, Hes. Op. 587, Hdt. 1.199, Schwyzer 694.7 (Chios, iv B. C.), gen. γουνάτων Hdt. 9.76, dat. γούνασι Il. 9.455, Hdt. 4.152 (also Pi. I. 2.26), γονάτεσσι Theoc. 16.11, Epigr.Gr. 782 (Halic.); also gen. γουνός (expl. as for γόνυος by Hdn.Gr.2.768, A.D. Synt. 342.9) Il. 11.547: pl. γοῦνα 6.511; γούνων 1.407, al.: dat. γούνεσσι 9.488, al. (v.l. γούνασσι): — Aeol. acc. pl. γόνα Alc. 39.7 (prob.), but γόννα acc. to St.Byz. s.v. Γόννοι, Eust. 335.39: gen. pl. γόνων Alc. Supp. 10: has γουνάτων Hec. 752, 839, γούνασι Supp. 285 (lyr.), Andr. 529 (lyr.), but not γουνός (γοῦν' acc. pl. was read by Sch. in Ph. 852): gen. pl. γεύνων, Hsch.: —
I
1. knee, γόνυ γουνὸς ἀμείβων Il. 11.547, etc.: freq. of clasping the knees in earnest supplication, ἥψατο γούνων 1.512; ἑλεῖν, λαβεῖν γούνων 21.71, 1.407, etc.; τῶν γουνάτων λαβέσθαι Hdt. 9.76; ποτὶ (v.l. περὶ) or ἀμφὶ γούνασί τινος χεῖρας βαλεῖν Od. 6.310, 7.142; περὶ γόνυ χέρας ἱκεσίους ἔβαλον E. Or. 1414, cf. Ph. 1622, etc.; τὰ σὰ γούναθ' ἱκάνομαι Il. 18.457, cf. Od. 7.147, etc.; κιχανόμενοι τὰ σὰ γοῦνα ἱκόμεθ' 9.266; ἀντίος ἤλυθε γούνων Il. 20.463; γόνυ σὸν ἀμπίσχειν χερί E. Supp. 165; σοῖς προστίθημι γόνασιν ὠλένας Id. Andr. 895; ἐς γούνατά τινι or τινος πεσεῖν Hdt. 5.86, S. OC 1607; ἀμφὶ γόνυ τινὸς πίπτειν E. Hec. 787; γόνυ τινός or πρὸς γόνυ προσπίπτειν ib. 339, HF 79; γόνασί τινος προσπίπτειν Id. Or. 1332 (but προσπίτνω σε γόνασιν on my knees, S. Ph. 485); πίπτειν πρὸς τὰ γ. τινος, tini, Lys. 1.19, D. 19.198; also γούνων λίσσεσθαι Il. 9.451; ἐλλιτανεύειν Od. 10.481; γουνάζεσθαι Il. 22.345; ἄντεσθαι πρὸς τῶν γονάτων E. Med. 710; ἱκετεῦσαι πρὸς τ. γ. D. 58.70.
2. of a sitting posture, φημί μιν ἀσπασίως γ. κάμψειν will be glad to bend the knee so as to sit down and rest, Il. 7.118, cf. 19.72; but also, bow the knee in submission, ἐμοὶ κάμψει (intr.) πᾶν γ. LXX Isaiah 45:23; γ. ὀκλάζειν τινί ib. 3 Ki. 19.18, v. sub κάμπτω: ἐπὶ γούνασι on one's knees, ἐπὶ γούνασι πατρός Il. 22.500; ποτὶ γ. 5.408; γούνασιν ἐφέσσεσθαι φίλον υἱόν 9.455; σ' ἐπ' ἐμοῖσι.. γούνεσσι καθίσσας 9.488; τόν ῥά οἱ.. ἐπὶ γούνασι θῆκεν Od. 19.401; ἐν τοῖς γόνασί τινος στρέφεσθαι Pl. R. 617b; πέπλον.. θεῖναι Ἀθηναίης ἐπὶ γούνασιν to lay it on her lap (as an offering), Il. 6.92, cf. Schwyzer l.c.: hence metaph., θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται it rests in the lap of.., Il. 17.514, Od. 1.267, etc.; but ἐν γούνασιν πίτνοντα Νίκας victorious, Pi. I. 2.26.
3. of the knees as the seat of strength, ἐν δὲ βίην ὤμοισι καὶ ἐν γούνεσσιν ἔθηκε Il. 17.569; of swiftness, λαιψηρά γ. 22.204, etc.; γούνατά τινος λύειν disable, kill him, 5.176, etc.; ὑπὸ γούνατ' ἔλυσεν 11.579; βλάπτειν γ. τινι, ka/matos d' u(pog. e)da/mna, 7.271, 21.52: — Pass., αὐτοῦ λύτο γούνατα 21.114, etc.
4. metaph., ἐς γόνυ βάλλειν bring down upon the knee, i. e. humble, conquer, Hdt. 6.27; ἐς γ. ῥίπτειν, κλίνειν, App. BC 3.20, 30; ἐς γ. ἐλθεῖν Procop. Arc. 14, Pers. 1.17; Ἀσία δὲ χθὼν.. ἐπὶ γόνυ κέκλιται A. Pers. 931 (lyr.).
5. prov., ἀπωτέρω ἢ γόνυ κνάμα 'blood is thicker than water', 'charity begins at home', Theoc. 16.18; γ. κνήμης ἔγγιον Arist. EN 1168b8, Ath. 9.383b.
II joint of grasses or plants, Hdt. 3.98, X. An. 4.5.26, Thphr. HP 8.2.4, Porph. Antr. 19. (Cf. Skt. jâ´nu, Lat. genu, etc.)
γόνυ, γονατος, τό (from Homer down), the knee: Hebrews 12:12; τιθέναι τά γόνατα to bend the knees, kneel down, of persons supplicating: Luke 22:41; Acts 7:60; Acts 9:40; Acts 20:36; Acts 21:5; of (mock) worshippers, Mark 15:19, so also προσπίπτειν τοῖς γόνασι τίνος, Luke 5:8 (of a suppliant in Euripides, Or. 1332); κάμπτειν τά γόνατα to bow the knee, of those worshipping God or Christ: τίνι, Romans 11:4; πρός τινα, Ephesians 3:14; reflexively, γόνυ καμπτει τίνι, to i. e. in honor of one, Romans 14:11 (1 Kings 19:18); ἐν ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ, Philippians 2:10 (Isaiah 45:23).
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γόνυ , -ατος , τό ,
[in LXX chiefly for H1290;]
the knee: Hebrews 12:12; of a suppliant, προσπίπτειν τοῖς γ ., Luke 5:8; so also τιθέναι τὰ γ ., to kneel: Luke 22:41, Acts 7:60; Acts 9:40; Acts 20:36; Acts 21:5; in mockery, Mark 15:19; κάμπτειν τὰ γ ., to bend the knee: Romans 11:4 (LXX) Romans 14:11 (LXX) Ephesians 3:14, Philippians 2:10.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
γόνυ is very common in the descriptions attached to persons in official documents, as when in a census return of A.D. 48, P Oxy II. 255.10 (= Selections, p. 46), a certain Thermoutharion is described as μέση μελίχ (ρως ) μακροπ (ρόσωπος ) οὐλ (ὴ ) γόνα (τι ) δ ̣ε ̣[ξι ]ω ̣̑[ι , ";of medium height, olive-complexioned, long-faced, a scar on the right knee."; Cf. P Oxy I. 99.5 (A.D. 55), P Fay 36.22 (A.D. 111–2), ib. 98.6 (A.D. 123). For the diminutive see P Oxy I. 52.17 (A.D. 325) δεξιοῦ γονατίου —there is of course no more diminutive force attaching than in ὠτάριον (NT), MGr ποδάριν , etc. From inscrr. may be noted the phrase μέχρι γονάτων for snow ";knee-deep,"; OGIS 199.9, a monument transcribed in Nubia by the traveller Cosmas (vi/A.D.).
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
