Verse-by-Verse Bible Commentary
Psalms 83:1

Clarke's Commentary

PSALM LXXXIII

The psalmist calls upon God for immediate help against a

multitude of confederate enemies who had risen up against

Judah, 1-5.

He mentions them by name, 6-8;

shows how they were to be punished, 9-17;

and that this was to be done for the glory of God, 18.

NOTES ON PSALM LXXXIII

The title, A Song or Psalm of Asaph, contains nothing particular. Among a multitude of conjectures relative to the time and occasion of this Psalm, that which refers it to the confederacy against Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, mentioned 2 Chronicles 20:1-30, is the most likely. The following reasons make it probable:

1. The children of Ammon, that is, the Ammonites and Moabites, were the principal movers in the war.

2. The Idumeans came to their assistance, 2 Chronicles 20:22; with certain Ammonites or Meonians, referred to here in Psalms 83:8, and in 2 Chronicles 20:1.

3. There were also in this confederacy many strangers of Syria, and from beyond the sea, most likely the Dead Sea, which seems to indicate the Assyrians, Hagaranes, and Ishmaelites, designed expressly here, Psalms 83:7-8.

4. In that transaction there was a prophet of the race of Asaph, named Jahaziel, who foretold to Jehoshaphat their total overthrow, 2 Chronicles 20:14, &c., and probably this Jahaziel is the same with Asaph, the author of this Psalm.

In the course of the notes we shall see other circumstances relative to the war of the Moabites and Ammonites against Jehoshaphat, which illustrates several particulars in this Psalm. See Calmet.

Verse Psalms 83:1. Keep not thou silence — A strong appeal to God just as the confederacy was discovered. Do not be inactive, do not be neuter. Thy honour and our existence are both at stake.

Bridgeway Bible Commentary

Psalms Opposition to God’s just rule

Psalms 82:0 is written against all those who act unjustly in their position as God’s representatives in administering justice. They are even called gods (v. 1,6; cf. John 10:34; Romans 13:1,Romans 13:4,Romans 13:6). However, instead of rescuing the helpless poor from the powerful rich who enslave them, they show favour to those with influence and money (82:1-4). Because they are blind to all justice, truth and mercy, there is no stability in society (5). They may have high rank, but it will not save them on the day when they themselves are judged. They will be destroyed along with other wicked people (6-8).

Another picture of opposition to God concerns an attack on Israel by enemy nations whose hatred of Israel results from their hatred of God (83:1-4). On all sides enemies gather to fight against God and his people (5-8). But just as God defeated Sisera and Jabin in the time of Deborah, and defeated the Midianites in the time of Gideon, so may he defeat the gathered armies again (9-12; see Judges 4:1-31, Judges 6:1-28). The psalmist prays that their destruction will be complete (13-15), so that people will acknow ledge God’s sovereign power and praise his holy name (16-18).

Coffman's Commentaries on the Bible

PRAYER FOR GOD, NOT TO BE SILENT

"O God, keep not thou silence: Hold not thy peace, and be not still, O God."

The repetition here, the rapidity of the appeals, and the whole tone of the passage bespeak the urgency of the situation. The language here is that of petition, not of command; and, "This passage denotes that the danger is imminent, and that the necessity for God's intervention was urgent."Ibid.

Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible

Keep not thou silence, O God - See the notes at Psalms 28:1. The prayer here is that in the existing emergency God would not seem to be indifferent to the needs and dangers of his people, and to the purposes of their enemies, but that he would speak with a voice of command, and break up their designs.

Hold not thy peace - That is, Speak. Give commaud. Disperse them by thine own authority.

And be not still, O God - Awake; arouse; be not indifferent to the needs and dangers of thy people. All this is the language of petition; not of command. Its rapidity, its repetition, its tone, all denote that the danger was imminent, and that the necessity for the divine interposition was urgent.

Calvin's Commentary on the Bible

1O God! hold not thy peace. It is very generally agreed among commentators, that this psalm was composed during the reign of king Jehoshaphat; and in this opinion I readily concur. That godly king, as is well known, had to engage in dreadful wars against multiplied hosts of enemies. Although the Ammonites and Moabites were the originators of the principal war in which he was engaged, yet they mustered forces not only from Syria, but also from distant countries, and the troops thus brought together well nigh overwhelmed Judea with their multitude. It would then appear, from the long list of enemies, here enumerated, who had conspired together to destroy the people of God, that the conjecture is well-founded which refers the composition of this psalm to that occasion; ⁽⁴³⁰⁾ and sacred history informs us, that one of the Levites, under the influence of the Spirit of prophecy, gave the king assurance of victory, ⁽⁴³¹⁾ and that the Levites sang before the Lord. In the midst of so great dangers, the whole nation, as well as the holy king, must have been involved in the deepest distress; and, accordingly, we have here a prayer full of earnestness and solicitude. These feelings prompted the repetition of the words which occur in the very opening of the psalm, Hold not thy peace, Keep not silence, be not still By this, the faithful would intimate, that if God intended to succor them, it behoved him to make haste, else the opportunity for doing so would be lost. It is unquestionably our duty to wait patiently when God at any time delays his help; but, in condescension to our infirmity, he permits us to supplicate him to make haste. What I have rendered, keep not silence with thyself, is literally keep not silence to thyself, which some translate by the paraphrase, Hold not thy peace in thy own cause, — an exposition which is too refined to be more particularly noticed. This form of expression is equivalent to saying, Hold not thyself in. Perhaps the particle is here superfluous, as it is in many other places.

(430) Compare the 6^th, 7^th, and 8^th verses of the psalm with 2 Chronicles 20:1; and the 12th verse of the psalm with 2 Chronicles 11:0 verse of that chapter.

(431) The name of this Levite was Jahaziel, and he is expressly said to be a prophet of the race of Asaph, 2 Chronicles 20:14. It is not unlikely that he is the same with Asaph, the author of this psalm.

Smith's Bible Commentary

Psalms 83:1-18 is a psalm where he is speaking out of the calamities that the enemies have brought upon them and asking for God's deliverance as He had in their past history. Asking God to work, "O God, help us now, Lord."

Don't keep silence, O God: don't hold your peace, don't be still, O God ( Psalms 83:1 ).

God, do something.

For, lo, thine enemies make a tumult: they that hate thee have lifted up the head. They have taken crafty counsel against thy people, and consulted against thy hidden ones ( Psalms 83:2-3 ).

One of the difficult things today is, more or less, the silence of God. When I see the corruption that is being foistered upon the United States through the Hollywood movie industry, I see how that crafty people are making God seem like, you know, making the worship of God or people believe in God, making them look like fools. Making a person who believes in righteousness or morality to look like an Archie Bunker type, you know, a real nut. And deliberately casting a person who would stand up for good in a bad light, and glorifying the evil kind of person, making heroes out of those that are engaged in evil. Poisoning the mind of the nation.

I sometimes with the psalmist say, "God, don't keep silence. Do something, Lord. Stop them. Break their teeth in their mouths, Lord. Smash their noses against their face. God, don't keep... do something, God." I look at these ads that have been promoted by the National Council of Churches that are against the evangelicals, Norman Lear, and I say, "God, stop these evil men." The National Council of Churches hires this atheistic, humanist Norman Lear to make these ads that are against the evangelicals. And I think, "God, stop them." Terrible that they... National Council of Churches.

Now, I know that on Sunday nights we have an extremely large radio audience. In fact, the radio surveys that are made have discovered that the Sunday night broadcast here at Calvary of our service is the most listened to radio program in Orange County. It exceeds all the news programs, rock stations or anything else. And we praise the Lord for the opportunity of being on the radio and to broadcast the Sunday night services so that a lot of the people who have small children can stay home and put the kids to bed and listen to the services.

But yet, you think of all...well, the people that are listening, and you, a lot of you are come from other churches. A lot of you are involved with churches that are related to the National Council of Churches. And I'd like to say personally, I wouldn't want the slightest relationship or association to the National Council of Churches, and I would not contribute one dime to any church that supports the National Council of Churches or the World Council of Churches. And I'm just laying it out to you straight, and I think that if some of the people will just quit supporting some of these churches that do support them, that they'll start taking another look at their relationships. But I believe that the National Council of Churches and the World Council of Churches have done more against Christianity than perhaps almost any other groups in the world. They are not representative of the true evangelical church at all. They represent humanistic concepts in religion, and they are promoting evil causes.

Oh, don't keep silent, God. Don't hold Your peace. Don't be still, God. Do something. But, "Lo, your enemies are making a tumult. Those that hate You have lifted up their head. They've taken crafty counsel against Your people." Hired crafty counselors.

They have said, Come, and let us cut them off from being a nation ( Psalms 83:4 );

And actually they have taken a position against Israel is what he is saying. Do you know that the World Council of Churches supports the PLO to the tune of over $2 million a year? A lot of the terrorist activities of the PLO are sponsored and paid for by the World Council of Churches that receives its monies from the churches that are related to the National Council of Churches, which part of that money goes to the World Council of Churches. And if you belong to a church that is contributing to either the National or World Council of Churches, you are actually contributing to such things as Angelo Davis' defense fund; you're contributing to the terrorist groups that are in Africa; you're contributing to those terrorists that are coming in and killing missionaries and missionary children; you're contributing to the terrorism of the PLO; you're contributing to those that are seeking to destroy the nation Israel, and I wouldn't want to have any part in the contribution to any of those causes myself.

But they've confederated against you. Let us cut Israel off.

that the name of Israel may be no more in remembrance. They have consulted together with one consent: they are confederate against God: The tabernacles ( Psalms 83:4-6 )

And he names the nations now that have gone together.

Edom, the Ishmaelites; those of Moab, the Hagarenes; Gebal, and Ammon, and Amalek; the Philistines and Tyre; Assur also is joined with them: and they have the help of the children of Lot ( Psalms 83:6-8 ).

Now he's saying, "God, wipe them out."

Do unto them like you did to the Midianites ( Psalms 83:9 );

In the time... in the book of Judges when the Midianites came against the children of Israel and Gideon went out against them.

Do as you did to Sisera, and as to Jabin, there at the brook Kison ( Psalms 83:9 ):

Or Sisera, and Jabin. God, as You've driven a spike through their skull. You know, get them, God.

Make their nobles like Oreb, and Zeeb ( Psalms 83:11 ):

Who were in the book of Judges also. Oreb and Zeeb are about the eighth chapter, or the seventh chapter of the book of Judges.

and unto the princes of Zebah, and Zalmunna ( Psalms 83:11 ):

These were all princes that were slain of the Midianites who had come against Israel at the time of Gideon and were destroyed by... some by Gideon and others by the Ephraimites who came to help Gideon.

Who said, Let us take ourselves the houses of God in possession. O my God, make them like a wheel; as the stubble before the wind. As the fire burns wood, and the flame sets the mountains on fire; So persecute them with thy tempest, and make them afraid with thy storm. Fill their faces with shame; that they may seek thy name, O LORD. Let them be confounded and troubled for ever; yea, let them be put to shame, and perish: That men may know that thou, whose name alone is JEHOVAH, art the Most High over all the eaRuth ( Psalms 83:12-18 ).

"God, do these things in order that men might know that You are over all things." And that was the real cry behind, "O God, it seems that these people have gathered against You, against Your purposes. Now God, put them to silence. Stop them, Lord, that people might learn to respect You." "

Dr. Constable's Expository Notes

1. The danger of destruction 83:1-8

The psalmist cried out to God to act for His people by expressing the alternatives negatively (Psalms 83:1). He described how Israel’s enemies had conspired to oppose God by destroying His people. Asaph used a chiastic structure to connect God’s interests with those of His nation (Psalms 83:2-5). He then listed Israel’s enemies (Psalms 83:6-8). The Hagarites (Hagrites, NIV), or descendants of Hagar, were the Ishmaelites. Gebal is another name for Byblos, a strong town in Lebanon. Lot’s children were the Moabites and the Ammonites.

Dr. Constable's Expository Notes

Psalms 83

Asaph prayed that God would destroy the enemies that threatened to overwhelm Israel, as He had done in the past. This is a psalm of national (communal) lament, and it is the last of the psalms attributed to Asaph (Psalms 50, 73-83).

Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

Keep not thou silence, O God,.... Which he is thought and said to do, when he does not answer the prayers of his people, nor plead their cause, nor rebuke their enemies; when he does not speak a good word to them, or one for them, or one against those that hate and persecute them;

hold not thy peace; or "be not deaf" b to the cries and tears of his people, and to the reproaches, menaces, and blasphemies of wicked men:

and be not still, O God; or "quiet" c, at rest and ease, inactive and unconcerned, as if he cared not how things went; the reason follows.

b אל-תחרש "ne obsurdescas", Vatablus; "ne surdum agas", Junius Tremellius, Piscator "ne quasi surdus et mutus sis", Michaelis. c אל תשקט "ne quiescas", Pagninus, Montanus, Musculus, Junius Tremellius, Piscator, Gejerus "neque quietus sis", Michaelis.

Henry's Complete Commentary on the Bible

A song or psalm of Asaph.

      1 Keep not thou silence, O God: hold not thy peace, and be not still, O God.   2 For, lo, thine enemies make a tumult: and they that hate thee have lifted up the head.   3 They have taken crafty counsel against thy people, and consulted against thy hidden ones.   4 They have said, Come, and let us cut them off from being a nation; that the name of Israel may be no more in remembrance.   5 For they have consulted together with one consent: they are confederate against thee:   6 The tabernacles of Edom, and the Ishmaelites; of Moab, and the Hagarenes;   7 Gebal, and Ammon, and Amalek; the Philistines with the inhabitants of Tyre;   8 Assur also is joined with them: they have holpen the children of Lot. Selah.

      The Israel of God were now in danger, and fear, and great distress, and yet their prayer is called, A song or psalm; for singing psalms is not unseasonable, no, not when the harps are hung upon the willow-trees.

      I. The psalmist here begs of God to appear on the behalf of his injured threatened people (Psalms 83:1; Psalms 83:1): "Keep not thou silence, O God! but give judgment for us against those that do us an apparent wrong." Thus Jehoshaphat prayed upon occasion of that invasion (2 Chronicles 20:11), Behold, how they reward us, to come to cast us out of thy possession. Sometimes God seems to connive at the unjust treatment which is given to his people; he keeps silence, as one that either did not observe it or did not concern himself in it; he holds his peace, as if he would observe an exact neutrality, and let them fight it out; he is still, and gives not the enemies of his people any disturbance or opposition, but seems to sit by as a man astonished, or as a mighty man that cannot save. Then he gives us leave to call upon him, as here, "Keep not thou silence, O God! Lord, speak to us by the prophets for our encouragement against our fears" (as he did in reference to that invasion, 2 Chronicles 20:14-17, c.) "Lord, speak for us by the providence and speak against our enemies; speak deliverance to us and disappointment to them." God's speaking is his acting; for with him saying and doing are the same thing.

      II. He here gives an account of the grand alliance of the neighbouring nations against Israel, which he begs of God to break, and blast the projects of. Now observe here,

      1. Against whom this confederacy is formed; it is against the Israel of God, and so, in effect, against the God of Israel. Thus the psalmist takes care to interest God in their cause, not doubting but that, if it appeared that they were for God, God would make it to appear that he was for them, and then they might set all their enemies at defiance; for whom then could be against them? "Lord," says he, "they are thy enemies, and they hate thee." All wicked people are God's enemies (the carnal mind is enmity against God), but especially wicked persecutors; they hated the religious worshippers of God, because they hated God's holy religion and the worship of him. This was that which made God's people so zealous against them--that they fought against God: They are confederate against thee,Psalms 83:5; Psalms 83:5. Were our interest only concerned, we could the better bear it; but, when God himself is struck at, it is time to cry, Help, Lord. Keep not thou silence, O God! He proves that they are confederate against God, for they are so against the people of God, who are near and dear to him, his son, his first-born, his portion, and the lot of his inheritance; he may truly be said to fight against me that endeavours to destroy my children, to root out my family, and to ruin my estate. "Lord," says the psalmist, "they are thy enemies, for they consult against thy hidden ones." Note, God's people are his hidden ones, hidden, (1.) In respect of secresy. Their life is hid with Christ in God; the world knows them not; if they knew them, they would not hate them as they do. (2.) In respect of safety. God takes them under his special protection, hides them in the hollow of his hand; and yet, in defiance of God and his power and promise to secure his people, they will consult to ruin them and cast them down from their excellency (Psalms 62:4), and to make a prey of those whom the Lord has set apart for himself,Psalms 4:3. They resolve to destroy those whom God resolves to preserve.

      2. How this confederacy is managed. The devil is at the bottom of it, and therefore it is carried on, (1.) With a great deal of heat and violence: Thy enemies make a tumult,Psalms 83:2; Psalms 83:2. The heathen rage,Psalms 2:1. The nations are angry,Revelation 11:18. They are noisy in their clamours against the people whom they hope to run down with their loud calumnies. This comes in as a reason why God should not keep silence: "The enemies talk big and talk much; Lord, let them not talk all, but do thou speak to them in thy wrath," Psalms 2:5. (2.) With a great deal of pride and insolence: They have lifted up the head. In confidence of their success, they are so elevated as if they could over-top the Most High and overpower the Almighty. (3.) With a great deal of art and policy: They have taken crafty counsel,Psalms 83:3; Psalms 83:3. The subtlety of the old serpent appears in their management, and they contrive by all possible means, though ever so base, ever so bad, to gain their point. They are profound to make slaughter (Hosea 5:2), as if they could outwit Infinite Wisdom. (4.) With a great deal of unanimity. Whatever separate clashing interest they have among themselves, against the people of God they consult with one consent (Psalms 83:5; Psalms 83:5), nor is Satan's kingdom divided against itself. To push on this unholy war, they lay their heads together, and their horns, and their hearts too. Fas est et ab hoste doceri--Even an enemy may instruct. Do the enemies of the church act with one consent to destroy it? Are the kings of the earth of one mind to give their power and honour to the beast? And shall not the church's friends be unanimous in serving her interests? If Herod and Pilate are made friends, that they may join in crucifying Christ, surely Paul and Barnabas, Paul and Peter, will soon be made friends, that they may join in preaching Christ.

      3. What it is that is aimed at in this confederacy. They consult not like the Gibeonites to make a league with Israel, that they might strengthen themselves by such a desirable alliance, which would have been their wisdom. They consult, not only to clip the wings of Israel, to recover their new conquests, and check the progress of their victorious arms, not only to keep the balance even between them and Israel, and to prevent their power from growing exorbitant; this will not serve. It is no less than the utter ruin and extirpation of Israel that they design (Psalms 83:4; Psalms 83:4): "Come, let us cut them off from being a nation, as they cut off the seven nations of Canaan; let us leave them neither root nor branch, but lay their country so perfectly waste that the name of Israel may be no more in remembrance, no, not in history;" for with them they would destroy their Bibles and burn all their records. Such is the enmity of the serpent's seed against the seed of the woman. It is the secret wish of many wicked men that the church of God might not have a being in the world, that there might be no such thing as religion among mankind. Having banished the sense of it out of their own hearts, they would gladly see the whole earth as well rid of it, all its laws and ordinances abolished, all its restraints and obligations shaken off, and all that preach, profess, or practise it cut off. This they would bring it to if it were in their power; but he that sits in heaven shall laugh at them.

      4. Who they are that are drawn into this confederacy. The nations that entered into this alliance are here mentioned (Psalms 83:6-8; Psalms 83:6-8); the Edomites and Ishmaelites, both descendants from Abraham, lead the van; for apostates from the church have been its most bitter and spiteful enemies, witness Julian. These were allied to Israel in blood and yet in alliance against Israel. There are no bonds of nature so strong but the spirit of persecution has broken through them. The brother shall betray the brother to death. Moab and Ammon were the children of righteous Lot; but, as an incestuous, so a degenerate race. The Philistines were long a thorn in Israel's side, and very vexatious. How the inhabitants of Tyre, who in David's time were Israel's firm allies, come in among their enemies, I know not; but that Assur (that is, the Assyrian) also is joined with them is not strange, or that (as the word is) they were an arm to the children of Lot. See how numerous the enemies of God's church have always been. Lord, how are those increased that trouble it! God's heritage was as a speckled bird; all the birds round about were against her (Jeremiah 12:9), which highly magnifies the power of God in preserving to himself a church in the world, in spite of the combined force of earth and hell.