Bible Commentaries
1 Chronicles 19

Introduction

Overview

1 Chronicles 19:1, David’s messengers, sent to comfort Hanun, the son of Nahash, are villainously treated; 1 Chronicles 19:6, The Ammonites, strengthened by the Syrians, are overcome by Joab and Abishai; 1 Chronicles 19:16, Shophach, making a new supply of the Syrians, is slain by David.

Verse 1

Nahash: 1 Samuel 11:1, 1 Samuel 11:2, 1 Samuel 12:12, 2 Samuel 10:1-3

Verse 2

I will show: 1 Samuel 30:26, 2 Samuel 9:1, 2 Samuel 9:7, 2 Kings 4:13, Esther 6:3, Ecclesiastes 9:15

the children: Genesis 19:37, Genesis 19:38, Deuteronomy 23:3-6, Nehemiah 4:3, Nehemiah 4:7, Nehemiah 13:1

Reciprocal: 1 Chronicles 20:3 - And he

Verse 3

but the princes: 1 Samuel 29:4, 1 Samuel 29:9, 1 Kings 12:8-11

Thinkest thou that David: Heb. In thine eyes doth David, 1 Corinthians 13:5-7

to search: Genesis 42:9-18, Joshua 2:1-3, Judges 1:23, Judges 1:24, Judges 18:2, Judges 18:8-10

Reciprocal: Joshua 2:3 - to search 2 Samuel 10:4 - and shaved

Verse 4

took David's: Psalms 35:12, Psalms 109:4, Psalms 109:5

shaved them: Leviticus 19:27, Isaiah 15:2, Jeremiah 41:5, Jeremiah 48:37

and cut: Isaiah 20:4, Isaiah 47:2, Isaiah 47:3

sent them: 2 Samuel 10:4, 2 Samuel 10:5, 2 Chronicles 36:16, Mark 12:4, Luke 20:10, Luke 20:11

Verse 5

and told David: Matthew 18:31

at Jericho: Joshua 6:24-26, 1 Kings 16:34

your beards: Judges 16:22

Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 10:5 - Jericho

Verse 6

had made: Luke 10:16, 1 Thessalonians 4:8

odious: Heb. to stink, Genesis 34:30, Exodus 5:21, 1 Samuel 13:4, 1 Samuel 27:12, Psalms 14:3, *marg.

a thousand: 2 Chronicles 16:2, 2 Chronicles 16:3, 2 Chronicles 25:6, 2 Chronicles 27:5, Psalms 46:9

Syriamaachah: 2 Samuel 10:6

Zobah: 2 Chronicles 18:3, 2 Chronicles 18:5, 2 Chronicles 18:9, 1 Samuel 14:47, 2 Samuel 8:3, 1 Kings 11:23, 1 Kings 11:24

Reciprocal: Genesis 24:10 - Mesopotamia Acts 2:9 - Mesopotamia

Verse 7

hired: 1 Chronicles 18:4, Exodus 14:9, Judges 4:3, 1 Samuel 13:5, 2 Chronicles 14:9, Psalms 20:7-9

thirty: Thirty-two thousand soldiers, exclusive of the thousand sent by the king of Maachah, are mentioned in the parallel passage - 2 Samuel 10:6, but of chariots or cavalry there is no mention; and the number of chariots stated here is prodigious, and beyond all credibility. But as the word raichev denotes not only a chariot, but a rider (see Isaiah 21:7), it ought most probably to be rendered here, in a collective sense, cavalry; and then the number of troops will exactly agree with the passage in Samuel. It is probable that they were a kind of auxiliary troops who were usually mounted on horses, or in chariots, but who occasionally served as foot-soldiers.

the king of Maachah: This variation exists only in the translation, the original being the same in both places, melech maachah, "the king of Maachah." 2 Samuel 10:6, king Maachah

Medeba: Numbers 21:30, Joshua 13:9, Isaiah 15:2

Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 10:8 - at the entering

Verse 8

Joab: 1 Chronicles 11:6, 1 Chronicles 11:10-47, 2 Samuel 23:8-39

Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 10:7 - all the host

Verse 9

put the battle: 1 Samuel 17:2, 2 Samuel 18:4, 2 Chronicles 13:3, 2 Chronicles 14:10, Isaiah 28:6, Jeremiah 50:42, Joel 2:5

the kings: 2 Samuel 10:8, 1 Kings 20:1, 1 Kings 20:24

Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 10:11 - General 1 Chronicles 19:11 - and they set 1 Chronicles 19:17 - and set

Verse 10

when Joab: 2 Samuel 10:9-14

battle: Heb. face of the battle

set against: Joshua 8:22, Judges 20:42, Judges 20:43

choice: or, young men

Reciprocal: Psalms 118:11 - General

Verse 11

Abishai: Heb. Abshai, 1 Chronicles 11:20, 1 Chronicles 18:12, The variation of אבישי [Strong's H52], Abishai, and אבשי [Strong's H52], Abshai, is simply caused by the elision of י, yood, which is by no means uncommon.

and they set: 1 Chronicles 19:9

Verse 12

If the Syrians: Nehemiah 4:20, Ecclesiastes 4:9-12, Galatians 6:2, Philippians 1:27, Philippians 1:28

Verse 13

of good: Deuteronomy 31:6, Deuteronomy 31:7, Joshua 1:7, Joshua 10:25, 1 Samuel 4:9, 1 Samuel 14:6-12, 1 Samuel 17:32, 2 Samuel 10:12, Ezra 10:4, Nehemiah 4:14, Psalms 27:14, 1 Corinthians 16:13

let us behave: etc. In Samuel, "let us play the men;" but the original is the same in both places, nithchazzak.

let the Lord: Judges 10:15, 1 Samuel 3:18, 2 Samuel 15:26, 2 Samuel 16:10, 2 Samuel 16:11, Job 1:22

Reciprocal: 1 Chronicles 19:18 - fled before Israel 1 Chronicles 21:3 - The Lord Nehemiah 2:18 - So they strengthened Psalms 60:12 - we shall

Verse 14

they fled: 1 Kings 20:13, 1 Kings 20:19-21, 1 Kings 20:28-30, 2 Chronicles 13:5-16, Jeremiah 46:15, Jeremiah 46:16

Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 10:13 - they fled 1 Chronicles 19:18 - fled before Israel

Verse 15

they likewise: Leviticus 26:7, Romans 8:31

Reciprocal: 2 Samuel 10:13 - they fled

Verse 16

am 2968, bc 1036, An, Ex, Is, 455

and drew: Psalms 2:1, Isaiah 8:9, Micah 4:11, Micah 4:12, Zechariah 14:1-3

river: that is, Euphrates

Shophach: This variation arises from the permutation of ב, baith, and פ, pay; being written in the parallel passage שובך [Strong's H7731], Shobach, and here שופך [Strong's H7780], Shophach 2 Samuel 10:16, Shobach.

Reciprocal: 1 Kings 11:23 - Hadadezer Psalms 60:1 - when he strove

Verse 17

upon them: Instead of alaihem, "upon them," it is in 2 Samuel 10:17 chelamah, "to Helam:" the one seems evidently to be a mistake for the other.

and set: 1 Chronicles 19:9, Isaiah 22:6-7

Verse 18

fled before Israel: 1 Chronicles 19:13-14, Psalms 18:32, Psalms 33:16, Psalms 46:11

seven thousand: In the parallel passage, "the men of seven hundred chariots;" which difference probably arose from mistaking ן, noon final, which stands for 700, for ז, zayin, with a dot above, which denotes 7,000, or vice versa: the great similarity of these letters might easily cause the one to be mistaken for the other.

footmen: If these troops were as we have suppose, a kind of dismounted cavalry, the terms footmen and horsemen might be indifferently applied to them. 2 Samuel 10:18, horsemen

Verse 19

the servants: Genesis 14:4, Genesis 14:5, Joshua 9:9-11, 2 Samuel 10:19, 1 Kings 20:1, 1 Kings 20:12, Psalms 18:39, Psalms 18:44, Isaiah 10:8

would: 1 Chronicles 14:17, Psalms 48:3-6

Reciprocal: Ezra 4:20 - toll