Bible Commentaries
1 Kings 19

Verse 1

how he had slain: or, all about how he had slain.

all. Some codices, with Septuagint, omit this word "all".

Verse 2

to me. These words in italics are read in some codices, with Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate. Compare 1 Kings 20:10 .

Verse 3

he arose. Some codices, with Aramaean Manuscript, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "And he feared and arose".

servant = young man.

Verse 4

himself = his soul. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13 .

Verse 6

cake. cruse. Elijah miraculously fed three times. See notes on 1 Kings 17:4 , 1 Kings 17:6 .

Verse 8

forty. The number of Probation. See App-10 .

Horeb. About 180 miles.

Verse 9

lodged = passed the night.

What. ? Figure of speech Anthropopatheia ( App-6 ), as though He did not know.

Verse 10

the LORD God of hosts. First occurrence of this title. See App-4 = Jehovah Elohim zeb'aoth. It occurs in 2 Samuel 5:10 , but in narrative, not address. "The LORD ( Jehovah ) God ( Elohim ) of hosts" occurs only here in Kings and Chronicles. Often in Psalms ( 1Ki 59:6 ; 1Ki 69:6 ; 1Ki 80:4 , 1Ki 80:19 ; 1Ki 84:8 ; 1Ki 89:8 ). In Isaiah 10:23 , Isaiah 10:24 ; Isaiah 22:5 , Isaiah 22:12 , Isaiah 22:14 , Isaiah 22:15 ; Isaiah 28:22 .Jeremiah 2:19 ; Jeremiah 5:14 ; Jeremiah 15:16 ; Jeremiah 35:17 ; Jeremiah 49:5 ; Jeremiah 50:25 , Jeremiah 50:31 .Hosea 12:5 .Amos 5:15 . After the return from captivity "LORD of hosts" occurs fourteen times in Haggai; about fifty in Zechariah; and twenty-five in Malachi. But "LORD God of hosts" is not found in those books.

children = sons.

thrown, &c. Quoted in Romans 11:2 , Romans 11:3 .

altars. There were lay altars (local) for customary individual offerings by laymen, as well as at Jerusalem. These had no horns.

I. I. Figure of speech Epizeuxis. App-6 .

Verse 11

Go forth. Septuagint adds "to-morrow".

wind. Hebrew. ruach . App-9 .

Verse 12

a still small voice = the sound of stillness. Compare Job 4:16 . Septuagint = a gentle breeze, usually misquoted "the still", &c.

Verse 13

wrapped: as Moses at the bush (Exodus 3:6 ).

said. Some codices, with Syriac, add "unto him". Compare 1 Kings 19:9 .

Verse 15

on thy way = to thy way: i.e. out of which he had deviated.

anoint: i.e. cause to be anointed. Compare 2 Kings 9:1-7 .

Verse 16

son of Nimshi. Son put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject), App-6 , for grandson or descendant (2 Kings 9:2 ).

Elisha = El = my GOD [is] salvation.

Verse 17

the sword. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause), App-6 , for judgments inflicted by it. Compare 2 Kings 9:0 and 2 Kings 10:0 . The first prophecy given to Elijah.

Elisha slay: i.e. declare should be slain. Hebrew idiom. See Jeremiah 1:10 . Hosea 6:5 .

Verse 18

I have left, &c. Romans 11:4 .

bowed. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct),

kissed . for worshipping. Compare Hos 3:12 .

kissed him. Hebrew kissed to him. Compare Job 31:26 , Job 31:27 .

Verse 19

twelve: seven separate ploughs following each other. Often seen to-day.

mantle. Compare Zechariah 13:4 .

Verse 20

what have I done. ? Figure of speech Erotesis ( App-6 ), or "what is the meaning of what I did? "

Verse 21

instruments = implements. Compare 2 Samuel 24:22 .