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フィレモンへの手紙 1:1
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Dictionaries:
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- EveryBible Verse Review
from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge
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a prisoner: Philemon 1:9, Ephesians 3:1, Ephesians 4:1, Ephesians 6:20, 2 Timothy 1:8
Timothy: 2 Corinthians 1:1, Colossians 1:1, 2 Thessalonians 1:1
Philemon: The apostle in this epistle indulges in some fine paronomasais on the proper names. Thus Philemon, יכחלןם [Strong's G5371], affectionate, or beloved, is "our dearly beloved;" Apphia (נציב [Strong's G682], from בנצב), the affectionate address of a brother or sister, according to Suidas), is "the beloved sister," as several manuscripts, Vulgate, and others correctly read; Archippus (סקיננןע [Strong's G751], the ruler of the horse, for the managing of which heros were anciently famous), is "our fellow- soldier;" and Onesimus (םחףילןע [Strong's G3682], useful or profitable), once unprofitable, is now profitable., and fellow labourer, Philemon 1:24, 1 Corinthians 3:9, Philippians 2:25, Philippians 4:3, Colossians 4:11, 1 Thessalonians 3:2
Reciprocal: Luke 10:2 - the labourers 1 Corinthians 10:14 - my 1 Thessalonians 2:8 - dear Philemon 1:13 - the bonds Hebrews 13:23 - brother
Gill's Notes on the Bible
Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ,.... Not made a prisoner by Christ, though he was apprehended, laid hold on, and detained by Christ as a prisoner of hope, at his conversion; but this is not intended here: but he was a prisoner at Rome for the sake of Christ, on account of professing him, and preaching in his name; his bonds were for the sake of the Gospel of Christ; and therefore they are in this epistle called the bonds of the Gospel. He was not a prisoner for any capital crime, and therefore had no reason to be ashamed of his chain, nor was he; but rather gloried in it, as his taking this title and character to himself, and prefixing it to this epistle shows; and which he chooses to make use of rather than that of a servant of God, or an apostle of Christ, as he elsewhere does, that he might not by constraint, or authority, but by love, move the pity and compassion of Philemon to grant his request, and receive his servant; which, should he deny, would be to add affliction to his bonds: and that this is his view in the choice of this character, is manifest from Philemon 1:8
and Timothy our brother, not according to the flesh, or as being of the same country, for he was the countryman of neither of them; nor only on account of his being a regenerate than, born of God, a child of God, and of the same family; but chiefly because he was of the same function, was a minister of the Gospel: him the apostle joins with himself in the epistle, and so in the request, because he might be well known to Philemon, and be much respected by him; and to show that they were united in this affair, and both desired this favour of him; hoping that by their joint application it would be obtained:
unto Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellow labourer: the name of Philemon is Greek; there was a Greek poet of this name, and a Greek historian that Pliny made use of in compiling his history: there is indeed mention made in the Jewish writings a, of a Rabbi whose name was פלימו, "Philemo"; but this our Philemon seems to have been an inhabitant of Colosse, and rather to have been a Gentile than a Jew; he was a rich and hospitable man, and greatly respected, and therefore here called, "our dearly beloved"; that is, dearly beloved by the apostle and Timothy, not only as being a believer, but as being also generous and useful in his station, and likewise as he was a minister of the Gospel; for so the next phrase, "and fellow labourer", seems to import; for though such are sometimes said to be labourers and fellow helpers with the apostle, who assisted in carrying on the interest of Christ, with their purses, and prayers, and private conversation; yet as it is used in this same epistle, of such who were in the work of the ministry, Philemon 1:24 it is very probable it is so to be understood here: and now though these expressions of affection and respect were without dissimulation; nor were they mere compliments; yet the intention of them was to work upon the mind of Philemon, to reconcile him to his servant; suggesting, that as he had an interest in the affections of the apostle and others, this would be a means of establishing it, and would be acting agreeably to his character, as a minister of the Gospel.
a T. Bab. Sota, fol. 4. 1. & Menachot, fol. 37. 1. & Juchasin, fol. 101. 1. 108. 1. & 159. 2.
Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ - A prisoner at Rome in the cause of Jesus Christ; Ephesians 3:1 note; 2 Timothy 1:8 note.
And Timothy our brother - Timothy, it seems, had come to him agreeably to his request; 2 Timothy 4:9. Paul not unfrequently joins his name with his own in his epistles; 2 Corinthians 1:1; Philippians 1:1; Col 1:1; 1 Thessalonians 1:1; 2 Thessalonians 1:1. As Timothy was of that region of country, and as he had accompanied Paul in his travels, he was doubtless acquainted with Philemon.
Unto Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellow-labourer - See Introduction, Section 1. The word rendered “fellow-laborer” συνεργω sunergō, does not determine what office he held, if he held any, or in what respects he was a fellow-laborer with Paul. It means a co-worker, or helper, and doubtless here means that he was a helper or fellow-worker in the great cause to which Paul had devoted his life, but whether as a preacher, or deacon, or a private Christian, can not be ascertained. It is commonly, in the New Testament, applied to ministers of the gospel, though by no means exclusively, and in several instances it cannot be determined whether it denotes ministers of the gospel, or those who furthered the cause of religion, and cooperated with the apostle in some other way than preaching. See the following places, which are the only ones where it occurs in the New Testament; Romans 16:3, Romans 16:9,Rom 16:21; 1 Corinthians 3:9; 2Co 1:24; 2 Corinthians 8:23; Philippians 2:25; Philippians 4:3; Colossians 4:11; 1 Thessalonians 3:2; Philemon 1:24; 3 John 1:8.
Clarke's Notes on the Bible
THE EPISTLE OF PAUL THE APOSTLE TO PHILEMON.
Chronological Notes relative to this Epistle.
-Year of the Constantinopolitan era of the world, or that used by the Byzantine historians, 5570.
-Year of the Alexandrian era of the world, 5563.
-Year of the Antiochian era of the world, 5554.
-Year of the Julian period, 4773.
-Year of the world, according to Archbishop Usher, 4066.
-Year of the world, according to Eusebius, in his Chronicon, 4290.
-Year of the minor Jewish era of the world, or that in common use, 3822.
-Year of the Greater Rabbinical era of the world, 4421.
-Year from the Flood, according to Archbishop Usher, and the English Bible, 2410.
-Year of the Cali yuga, or Indian era of the Deluge, 3164.
-Year of the era of Iphitus, or since the first commencement of the Olympic games, 1002.
-Year of the era of Nabonassar, king of Babylon, 809.
-Year of the CCXth Olympiad, 2.
-Year from the building of Rome, according to Fabius Pictor, 809.
-Year from the building of Rome, according to Frontinus, 813.
-Year from the building of Rome, according to the Fasti Capitolini, 814.
-Year from the building of Rome, according to Varro, which was that most generally used, 815.
-Year of the era of the Seleucidae, 374.
-Year of the Caesarean era of Antioch, 110.
-Year of the Julian era, 107.
-Year of the Spanish era, 100.
-Year from the birth of Jesus Christ according to Archbishop Usher, 66.
-Year of the vulgar era of Christ's nativity, 62.
-Year of Albinus, governor of the Jews, 1.
-Year of Vologesus, king of the Parthians, 13.
-Year of Domitus Corbulo, governor of Syria, 3.
-Jesus, high priest of the Jews, 3.
-Year of the Dionysian period, or Easter Cycle, 63.
-Year of the Grecian Cycle of nineteen years, or Common Golden Number, 6; or the first after the second embolismic.
-Year of the Jewish Cycle of nineteen years, 3, or the first embolismic.
-Year of the Solar Cycle, 15.
-Dominical Letter, it being the second after the Bissextile, or Leap Year, C.
-Day of the Jewish Passover, according to the Roman computation of time, the IVth of the ides of April, or, in our common mode of reckoning, the tenth of April, which happened in this year on the day after the Jewish Sabbath.
-Easter Sunday, the IIId of the ides of April, named by the Jews the 22d of Nisan or Abib; and by Europeans in general, the 11th of April.
-Epact, or age of the moon on the 22d of March, (the day of the earliest Easter Sunday possible,) 25.
-Epact, according to the present mode of computation, or the moon's age on New Year's day, or the Calends of January, 2.
-Monthly Epacts, or age of the moon on the Calends of each month respectively, (beginning with January,) 2, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 11, 11.
-Number of Direction, or the number of days from the twenty-first of March to the Jewish Passover, 20.
-Year of the reign of Caius Tiberius Claudius Nero Caesar, the fifth Roman emperor, computing from Augustus Caesar, 9.
-Roman Consuls, P. Marius Celsus and L. Asinius Gallus, who were succeeded by L. Annaeus Seneca and Trebellius Maximus, on the 1st of July.
PHILEMON
Paul's salutation to Philemon, and the Church at his house,
1-3.
He extols his faith, love, and Christian charity, 4-7.
Entreats forgiveness for his servant Onesimus, 8-14.
Urges motives to induce Philemon to forgive him, 15-17.
Promises to repair any wrong he had done to his master, 18, 19.
Expresses his confidence that Philemon will comply with his
request, 20, 21.
Directs Philemon to prepare him a lodging, 22.
Salutations and apostolical benediction, 23-25.
NOTES ON PHILEMON.
Verse Philemon 1:1. Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ — It has already been noted, in the preface, that Paul was a prisoner at Rome when he wrote this epistle, and those to the Colossians and Philippians. But some think that the term prisoner does not sufficiently point out the apostle's state, and that the original word δεσμιος should be translated bound with a chain: this is certainly its meaning; and it shows us in some measure his circumstances-one arm was bound with a chain to the arm of the soldier to whose custody he had been delivered.
It has also been remarked that Paul does not call himself an apostle here, because the letter was a letter of friendship, and on private concerns. But the MSS. are not entirely agreed on this subject. Two MSS. have δουλος, a servant; the Codex Claromontanus and the Codex Sangermanensis, both in the Greek and Latin, have αποστολος, apostle; and Cassiodorus has αποστολος δεσμιος, Paul, an imprisoned apostle of Jesus Christ. They, however, generally agree in the omission of the word αποστολος.
Unto Philemon our dearly beloved — There is a peculiarity in the use of proper names in this epistle which is not found in any other part of St. Paul's writings. The names to which we refer are Philemon, Apphia, Archippus, and Onesimus.
PHILEMON, φιλημων. Affectionate or beloved, from φιλημα, a kiss; this led the apostle to say: To Philemon our DEARLY BELOVED.
