Second Sunday after Epiphany
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Bahasa Indonesia Sehari-hari
Hosea 13:1
Bible Study Resources
Concordances:
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- InternationalParallel Translations
Apabila Efraim berbicara, gemetarlah orang; ia diangkat-angkat di Israel, tetapi ia bersalah dengan menyembah Baal, sehingga matilah ia.
Tatkala Efrayim lagi berkata dengan bahasa budak-budak, maka ia ditinggikan amat di antara orang Israel; tetapi setelah ia bersalah dengan Baal matilah ia.
Contextual Overview
Bible Verse Review
from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge
Ephraim: 1 Samuel 15:17, Proverbs 18:12, Isaiah 66:2, Luke 14:11
exalted: Numbers 2:18-21, Numbers 10:22, Numbers 13:8, Numbers 13:16, Numbers 27:16-23, Joshua 3:7, 1 Kings 12:25
offended: Hosea 11:2, 1 Kings 16:29-33, 1 Kings 18:18, 1 Kings 18:19, 2 Kings 17:16-18
died: Genesis 2:17, Romans 5:12, 2 Corinthians 5:14
Reciprocal: 1 Samuel 9:21 - my family 2 Chronicles 12:1 - he forsook Proverbs 14:34 - Righteousness Isaiah 17:8 - the work Isaiah 28:4 - shall be Hosea 2:13 - the days Hosea 5:3 - Ephraim Hosea 5:9 - Ephraim Luke 8:47 - she came Romans 11:4 - Baal 2 Corinthians 7:15 - with
Cross-References
Is not the whole lande before thee? Seperate thy selfe I pray thee from me: yf thou wilt take the left hande, I wyll go to the ryght: or yf thou depart to the ryght hande, I wyll go to the left.
And Abraham departed thence towarde the south countrey, & dwelled betweene Cades and Sur, and soiourned in Gerar.
And Abraham planted a wood in Beer seba, and called there on the name of the Lorde the euerlasting God.
Iosuah therfore smote al the hil countreyes, and the south countreyes, & the valleyes, and the downes, and al their kinges, and let none remayne of them, but vtterly destroyed all that breathed, as the Lorde God of Israel commaunded.
And let them deuide it vnto them into seuen partes: And (Iuda shall abide in their coast on the south, and the house of Ioseph shall stande in their coastes on the north.)
And Achis saide: Where haue ye ben a rouing this day? And Dauid aunswered: Against the south of Iuda, and against the south of the Ierameelites, and against the south of the Kenites.
And came to the strong hould of Tyre, and to all the cities of the Heuites and of the Chanaanites: & then went out to the south of Iuda, euen to Beerseba.
Gill's Notes on the Bible
When Ephraim spake trembling, he exalted himself in Israel,.... Or, with trembling, as Jarchi: so Jeroboam, who was of the tribe of Ephraim, spake before Solomon, a great king, as he observes. R. Moses the priest interprets it of Jeroboam; but it may be understood of the tribe in general, and especially of the heads of it, at anytime before it fell into idolatry; when they spake with submission and humility, they were attended to by the other tribes in all consultations and debates, and great deference was paid unto them; and they were find in great esteem, and highly honoured, agreeably to that common saving of our Lord, "he that humbleth himself shall be exalted", Luke 14:11; or, "when [he] spake [there was] trembling" q; either the neighbouring nations, when he threatened them with war: or among the other tribes of Israel, when he spake in counsel, and with authority, they rose up and heard him with great reverence and respect; see Job 29:8. So the Targum,
"when anyone of the house of Ephraim spake, trembling laid hold on the people; they became princes in Israel.''
Some refer this to the times of Joshua, who was of that tribe, and whom the Israelites feared as they had feared Moses, Joshua 4:14; others to the times of Gideon and Jephthah, with whom the tribe of Ephraim expostulated, Judges 8:1; but others interpret it of Jeroboam's idolatry, of his setting up the worship of the calves, which he did upon his exalting himself, and setting himself up as king of the ten tribes; and, in some agreement with this, Schmidt understands, by "trembling", a terrible and horrible thing, idolatry, which he commanded and appointed; and which he "bore" or "carried", as the word r is interpreted by him, and may be; that is, his sin, and the punishment of it, which Jeroboam and his posterity did bear; and so it agrees with what follows:
but, or "and",
when he offended in Baal, he died; or when he sinned, and became guilty of more idolatry still, by worshipping Baal, as well as the calves, which was done in the times of Ahab, 1 Kings 16:31; when Ephraim or the kingdom or Israel fell into distresses and calamities, sunk in their grandeur and authority, declined in their wealth and riches, and were insulted by their enemies, particularly by Benhadad king of Syria, who sent to Ahab, and challenged his silver and gold, his wives and children, as his own, 1 Kings 20:3; and so they gradually decreased in credit and reputation, in power and authority, in wealth and substance, and at last were delivered to the sword of the enemy, and to captivity, which was their civil death.
q כדבר-רתת "quum loqueretur--tremor erat", Pagninus, Vatablus; "terror erat", Zanchius, Drusius. r נשא הוא "portavit ipse, [sub.] iniquitatem suam", Schmidt.
Barnes' Notes on the Bible
When Ephraim spake trembling - that is, probably “there was ‘trembling.’” : “Ephraim was once very awful, so as, while he spake, the rest of the tribes were ready to tremble.” The prophet contrasts two conditions of Ephraim, of prosperity, and destruction. His prosperity he owed to the undeserved mercy of God, who blessed him for Joseph’s sake; his destruction, to his own sin. There is no period recorded, “when Ephraim spake trembling,” i. e., in humility. Pride was his characteristic, almost as soon as he had a separate existence as a tribe (see the note at Hosea 5:5). Under Joshua, it could not be called out, for Ephraim gained honor, when Joshua, one of themselves, became the captain of the Lord’s people. Under the Judges, their pride appeared. Yet God tried them, by giving them their hearts’ desire. They longed to be exalted, and He satisfied them, if so be they would thus serve Him. They had the chief power, and were a “terror” to Judah. “He exalted himself,” (or perhaps “he was exalted,) in Israel; but when he offended in Baal he died;” literally, “and he offended in Baal and died.”
He abused the goodness of God; his sin followed as a consequence of God’s goodness to him. God raised him, and he offended. The alliance with a king of Tyre and Sidon, which brought in the worship of Baal, was a part of the worldly policy of the kings of Israel (1 Kings 16:31, see Introduction). “As if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, he took to wife the daughter of Ethbaal, king of the Zidonians, and went and served Baal and worshiped him.” The twenty-two years of Ahab’s reign established the worship. The prophets of Baal became 450; the prophets of the kindred idolatry of Ashtoreth, or Astarte, became 400; Baal had his one central temple, large and magnificent 2 Kings 10:21-22, 2 Kings 10:25, a rival of that of God. The prophet Elijah thought the apostasy almost universal; God revealed to him that He had “reserved” to Himself “seven thousand in Israel.” Yet these were “all the knees which had not bowed to Baal, and every mouth which had not kissed him” 1 Kings 19:18.
And died - Death is the penalty of sin. Ephraim “died” spiritually. For sin takes away the life of grace, and separates from God, the true life of the soul, the source of all life. He “died more truly, than he who is dead and at rest.” Of this death, our Lord says, “Let the dead bury their dead” Matthew 8:22; and Paul, “She who liveth in pleasure is dead while she liveth” 1 Timothy 5:6. He “died” also as a nation and kingdom, being sentenced by God to cease to be.
Clarke's Notes on the Bible
CHAPTER XIII
Thus chapter begins with observing that the fear of God leads
to prosperity, but sin to ruin; a truth most visibly
exemplified in the sin and punishment of Ephraim, 1-3.
As an aggravation of their guilt, God reminds them of his
former favours, 4, 5;
which they had shamefully abused, 6;
and which now expose them to dreadful punishments, 7, 8.
He, however, tempers these awful threatenings with gracious
promises; and, on their repentance, engages to save them, when
no other could protect them, 9-11.
But, alas! instead of repenting, Ephraim is filling up the
measure of his iniquity, 12, 13.
Notwithstanding this, God promises to put forth has almighty
power in behalf of his people, and, as it were, raise them
from the dead, 14;
although, in the meantime, they must be visited with great
national calamities, compared first to the noxious and parching
east wind, 15,
and described immediately after in the plainest terms, 16.
NOTES ON CHAP. XIII
Verse Hosea 13:1. When Ephraim spake trembling — When he was meek and humble, of a broken heart and contrite spirit.
He exalted himself in Israel — He became great in God's sight; he rose in the Divine esteem in proportion as he sank in his own. But this did not continue.
He offended in Baal — He became an idolater.
He died. — The sentence of death from the Divine justice went out against him.
This has been differently understood: "As soon as Ephraim spake (To your tents, O Israel!) There was a trembling or commotion: then the kingdom was exalted in Israel." Thus taken, it refers to the division of the ten tribes from Rehoboam, son of Solomon, 1 Kings 12:16, c., and the establishment of the kingdom of Israel under Jeroboam in opposition to that of Judah which breach was never healed.
