Keluaran 31:18

Alkitab Terjemahan Baru

Dan TUHAN memberikan kepada Musa, setelah Ia selesai berbicara dengan dia di gunung Sinai, kedua loh hukum Allah, loh batu, yang ditulisi oleh jari Allah.

Parallel Translations

Bahasa Indonesia Sehari-hari
Dan TUHAN memberikan kepada Musa, setelah Ia selesai berbicara dengan dia di gunung Sinai, kedua loh hukum Allah, loh batu, yang ditulisi oleh jari Allah.

Alkitab Terjemahan Lama
Hata, setelah sudah habis Tuhan berfirman kepada Musa di atas bukit Torsina itu, maka dikaruniakan-Nya kepadanya kedua loh assyahadat itu, yaitu batu yang tersurat oleh jari Allah.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

gave: Exodus 24:12, Exodus 24:18, Exodus 32:15, Exodus 32:16, Exodus 34:1-4, Exodus 34:28, Exodus 34:29, Deuteronomy 4:13, Deuteronomy 5:22, Deuteronomy 9:9-11, 2 Corinthians 3:3

the finger: Exodus 8:19, Exodus 32:16, Jeremiah 31:33, Matthew 12:28, Luke 11:20, 2 Corinthians 3:7, 2 Corinthians 3:8

Reciprocal: Genesis 1:1 - God Exodus 16:34 - General Exodus 25:16 - General Exodus 25:22 - and I will Exodus 33:9 - talked Exodus 39:32 - all the Exodus 39:42 - according Exodus 40:20 - the testimony Numbers 1:50 - thou shalt Numbers 28:6 - was ordained Deuteronomy 9:10 - the Lord 2 Kings 11:12 - the testimony 2 Chronicles 5:10 - save 2 Chronicles 23:11 - the testimony Psalms 8:3 - work

Gill's Notes on the Bible

And he gave unto Moses, when he had made an end of communing with him on Mount Sinai,.... After all those laws, orders, and instructions before related, which having done, he ceased to converse with him any longer in that manner he had, and at parting gave him

two tables of testimony; the two tables of the law, which is a testimony of the will of God, and contained the duty of the Israelites both towards God and man, and are reducible to these two, love to God, and love to our neighbour: five of the commands of the decalogue were written on one table, and five on the other; or it may be rather four on one table, the first being the largest, and containing the duty owing to God, and six on the other, which regard the duty of men one to another; so Orpheus the Heathen poet, speaking of the law of Moses, calls it διπλακα θεσμον s. "Tables of stone"; the Targum of Jonathan will have them to be of the sapphire stone, from the throne of glory; the paraphrast seems to have respect to Exodus 24:10 and, with as little appearance of truth, says their weight was forty seahs; it is more probable they were of marble stone, of which there were great quantities in Mount Sinai. Dr. Shaw says t that part of Mount Sinai, which lies to the westward of the plain of Rephidim, consists of a hard reddish marble like "porphyry", but is distinguished from it by the representations of little trees and bushes, which are dispersed all over it. The naturalists call this sort of marble "embuscatum", or "bushy marble"; some think Sinai had its name from thence u. This may denote the firmness, stability, and duration of the law, not as in the hands of Moses, from which these tables were cast and broke, but as in the hands of Christ, and laid up in him the ark of the covenant, the fulfilling end of the law for righteousness: and it may also figure the hardness of man's heart, which is destitute of spiritual life, obdurate and impenitent, stupid, senseless and ignorant, stubborn and inflexible, and not subject to the law of God, and on which no impressions can be made but by the power and grace of God:

written with the finger of God: by God himself, and not by an angel, or by any creature or instrument: and it is by the finger of God, the Spirit, grace, and power of God, that the laws of God are put into the inward part, and written on the heart, to which the apostle refers, 2 Corinthians 3:3. This account is given by way of transition to what is recorded in the next chapter.

s De Deo, "prope finem". t Travels, p. 443. u See Buxtorf. in voce סנה.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Two tables of testimony - See Exodus 25:16; Exodus 32:15.

The tables of stone which represented the covenant between Yahweh and His people, and which, when covered with the mercy-seat were to give the sanctuary its significance, are now delivered to Moses in accordance with the promise in Exodus 24:12.

The history of what relates to the construction of the sanctuary is here interrupted, and is taken up again in Exodus 35:1.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Exodus 31:18. When he had made an end of communing — When the forty days and forty nights were ended.

Two tables of testimony — Exodus 34:1; Exodus 34:1.

Tables of stone — That the record might be lasting, because it was a testimony that referred to future generations, and therefore the materials should be durable.

Written with the finger of God. — All the letters cut by God himself. Dr. Winder, in his History of Knowledge, thinks it probable that this was the first writing in alphabetical characters ever exhibited to the world, though there might have been marks or hieroglyphics cut on wood, stone, c., before this time see Exodus 17:14. That these tables were written, not by the commandment but by the power of God himself, the following passages seem to prove: "And the Lord said unto Moses, Come up to me into the mountain, and be thou there; and I will give thee tables of stone WHICH I HAVE WRITTEN, that thou mayest teach them;" Exodus 24:12. "And he gave unto Moses, upon Mount Sinai, two tables of testimony, tables of stone, WRITTEN WITH THE FINGER OF GOD;" Exodus 31:18. "And Moses went down from the mount, and the two tables of testimony were in his hand; the tables were Written on both their sides. And the tables were THE WORK OF GOD, and the WRITING WAS THE WRITING OF GOD, graven upon the tables;" Exodus 32:15-16. "These words [the ten commandments] the Lord spake in the mount, out of the midst of the fire, of the cloud, and of the thick darkness, with a great voice; and he added no more, BUT HE WROTE THEM on two tables of stone;" Deuteronomy 5:22. It is evident therefore that this writing was properly and literally the writing of God himself. God wrote now on tables of stone what he had originally written on the heart of man, and in mercy he placed that before his eyes which by sin had been obliterated from his soul; and by this he shows us what, by the Spirit of Christ, must be rewritten in the mind, 2 Corinthians 3:3; and this is according to the covenant which God long before promised to make with mankind, Jeremiah 31:33. See also what is said on this subject, Clarke's note, "Exodus 20:1", and Exodus 34:1; Exodus 34:1; and "Exodus 17:14".

"No time," says Dr. A. Bayley, "seems so proper from whence to date the introduction of letters among the Hebrews as this, for after this period we find continual mention of letters, reading, and writing, in the now proper sense of those words. See Deuteronomy 27:8; Deuteronomy 31:9. Moses, it is said, επαιδευθη, was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians - in all the learning they possessed; but it is manifest that he had not learned of them any method of writing, otherwise there had been no want of God's act and assistance in writing the two tables of the law, no need of a miraculous writing. Had Moses known this art, the Lord might have said to him, as he does often afterwards, Write thou these words; Exodus 34:27. Write on the stones the words of this law; Deuteronomy 27:3. Write you this song for you; Deuteronomy 31:19. Perhaps it may be said, God's writing the law gave it a sanction. True; but why might it not also teach the first use of letters, unless it can be proved that they were in use prior to this transaction? It might be thought too much to assert that letters no more than language were a natural discovery; that it was impossible for man to have invented writing, and that he did not invent it: yet this may appear really the case from the following reflections: -

1. Reason may show us how near to an impossibility it was that a just and proper number of convenient characters for the sounds in language should naturally be hit upon by any man, for whom it was easy to imitate and vary, but not to invent.

2. From evidence of the Mosaic history, it appears that the introduction of writing among the Hebrews was not from man, but GOD.

3. There are no evident vestiges of letters subsisting among other nations till after the delivery of the law at Mount Sinai; nor then, among some, till very late."