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New Living Translation

Zephaniah 2:9

Now, as surely as I live," says the Lord of Heaven's Armies, the God of Israel, "Moab and Ammon will be destroyed— destroyed as completely as Sodom and Gomorrah. Their land will become a place of stinging nettles, salt pits, and eternal desolation. The remnant of my people will plunder them and take their land."

Bible Study Resources

Concordances:

- Nave's Topical Bible - Ammonites;   Gomorrah;   Nettles;   Salt;   Sodom;   Scofield Reference Index - Remnant;   Thompson Chain Reference - Israel;   Israel-The Jews;   Nettles;   Remnant of Israel;   The Topic Concordance - Desolation;   Enemies;   Pride/arrogance;   Torrey's Topical Textbook - Ammonites, the;   Reviling and Reproaching;   Salt;  

Dictionaries:

- American Tract Society Bible Dictionary - Moabites;   Nettle;   Salt;   Bridgeway Bible Dictionary - Ammon;   Moab;   Salt;   Sodom;   Baker Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology - Day of the Lord, God, Christ, the;   Genesis, Theology of;   Easton Bible Dictionary - Moabite;   Nahum, Book of;   Nettle;   Sodom;   Fausset Bible Dictionary - Ammon;   Gomorrah;   Salt;   Sea, the Salt;   Zephaniah, the Book of;   Zoar;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Minerals and Metals;   Nettle;   Zephaniah, Book of;   Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Ammon, Ammonites;   Moab, Moabites;   Nettle;   Salt;   Zephaniah (1);   Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament - Day of Judgment;   Morrish Bible Dictionary - Moab, Moabites ;   Nettles;   The Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary - Salt;   People's Dictionary of the Bible - Gomorrah;   Nettle;   Sodom;   Zion;   Smith Bible Dictionary - Nettle,;   Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types - Salt;   Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary - Ammonites;   Nettles;  

Encyclopedias:

- International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Ammon;   Breed;   Gentiles;   Nettles;   Perpetual;   Zephaniah, Book of;   The Jewish Encyclopedia - Moab;   Remnant of Israel;   Salt;   Sodom;  

Parallel Translations

Easy-to-Read Version
So, as surely as I am alive, Moab and the people of Ammon will be destroyed like Sodom and Gomorrah. I am the Lord All-Powerful, the God of Israel, and I promise those countries will be destroyed completely forever. Their land will be overgrown with weeds. It will be like the land covered with salt by the Dead Sea. The survivors of my people will take that land and everything left in it."
New American Standard Bible
"Therefore, as I live," declares the LORD of armies, The God of Israel, "Moab will assuredly be like Sodom, And the sons of Ammon like Gomorrah— Ground overgrown with weeds and full of salt mines, And a permanent desolation. The remnant of My people will plunder them, And the remainder of My nation will inherit them."
New Century Version
So the Lord All-Powerful, the God of Israel, says, "As surely as I live, Moab will be destroyed like Sodom, and Ammon will be destroyed like Gomorrah— a heap of weeds, a pit of salt, and a ruin forever. Those of my people who are left alive will take whatever they want from them; those who are left from my nation will take their land."
Update Bible Version
Therefore as I live, says Yahweh of hosts, the God of Israel, Surely Moab shall be as Sodom, and the sons of Ammon as Gomorrah, a possession of nettles, and saltpits, and a perpetual desolation: the residue of my people shall make a prey of them, and the remnant of my nation shall inherit them.
Webster's Bible Translation
Therefore [as] I live, saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, Surely Moab shall be as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah, [even] the breeding of nettles, and salt-pits, and a perpetual desolation: the residue of my people shall lay them waste, and the remnant of my people shall possess them.
Amplified Bible
"Therefore, as I live," declares the LORD of hosts, The God of Israel, "Moab will in fact become like Sodom And the sons of Ammon like Gomorrah, A land possessed by nettles and salt pits, And a perpetual desolation. The remnant of My people will plunder them And what is left of My nation will inherit them [as their own]."
English Standard Version
Therefore, as I live," declares the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, "Moab shall become like Sodom, and the Ammonites like Gomorrah, a land possessed by nettles and salt pits, and a waste forever. The remnant of my people shall plunder them, and the survivors of my nation shall possess them."
World English Bible
Therefore as I live, says Yahweh of Hosts, the God of Israel, surely Moab will be as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah, a possession of nettles, and salt pits, and a perpetual desolation. The remnant of my people will plunder them, and the survivors of my nation will inherit them.
Wycliffe Bible (1395)
Therfor Y lyue, seith the Lord of oostis, God of Israel, for Moab schal be as Sodom, and the sones of Amon as Gomorre; drynesse of thornes, and hepis of salt, and desert, til in to withouten ende. The relifs of my puple schulen rauysche hem, the residues of my folc schulen welde hem.
English Revised Version
Therefore as I live, saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, Surely Moab shall be as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah, a possession of nettles, and saltpits, and a perpetual desolation: the residue of my people shall spoil them, and the remnant of my nation shall inherit them.
Berean Standard Bible
Therefore, as surely as I live, declares the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, surely Moab will be like Sodom and the Ammonites like Gomorrah-a place of weeds and saltpits, and a perpetual wasteland. The remnant of My people will plunder them; the remainder of My nation will dispossess them.
Contemporary English Version
And so, I swear by my very life that Moab and Ammon will end up like Sodom and Gomorrah— covered with thornbushes and salt pits forever. Then my people who survive will take their land.
American Standard Version
Therefore as I live, saith Jehovah of hosts, the God of Israel, Surely Moab shall be as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah, a possession of nettles, and saltpits, and a perpetual desolation: the residue of my people shall make a prey of them, and the remnant of my nation shall inherit them.
Bible in Basic English
For this cause, by my life, says the Lord of armies, the God of Israel, truly Moab will become like Sodom and the children of Ammon like Gomorrah, given up to waste plants and salt pools and unpeopled for ever: the rest of my people will take their property, the overflow of my nation will take their heritage.
Complete Jewish Bible
Therefore, as I live," says Adonai -Tzva'ot, the God of Isra'el, "Mo'av will become like S'dom and the people of ‘Amon like ‘Amora, a land covered with nettles and salt pits, desolate forever. The remnant of my people will plunder them, the survivors in my nation will inherit them."
Darby Translation
Therefore, [as] I live, saith Jehovah of hosts, the God of Israel, Moab shall certainly be as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah, a possession of nettles, and salt-pits, and a perpetual desolation; the remnant of my people shall spoil them, and the residue of my nation shall possess them.
JPS Old Testament (1917)
Therefore as I live, saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Surely Moab shall be as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah, even the breeding-place of nettles, and saltpits, and a desolation, for ever; the residue of My people shall spoil them, and the remnant of My nation shall inherit them.
King James Version (1611)
Therefore, as I liue, saith the Lord of hostes the God of Israel, surely Moab shalbe as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah, euen the breeding of netles, and salt pits, and a perpetuall desolation, the residue of my people shall spoile them, and the remnant of my people shall possesse them.
New Life Bible
So as I live," says the Lord of All, the God of Israel, "Moab will be like Sodom, and the sons of Ammon will be like Gomorrah, a land taken over by thistles and salt, a waste land forever. Those left of My people will rob them. Those left of My nation will take their land."
New Revised Standard
Therefore, as I live, says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, Moab shall become like Sodom and the Ammonites like Gomorrah, a land possessed by nettles and salt pits, and a waste forever. The remnant of my people shall plunder them, and the survivors of my nation shall possess them.
Geneva Bible (1587)
Therefore, as I liue, saith the Lord of hostes, the God of Israel, Surely Moab shall bee as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorah, euen the breeding of nettels and salt pittes, and a perpetuall desolation: the residue of my folke shall spoyle them, and the remnant of my people shall possesse them.
George Lamsa Translation
Therefore as I live, says the LORD God of hosts, the God of Israel, surely Moab shall become as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah, for their plantations have been destroyed and their counsellors lost, and they have become a desolation for ever; the remnant of my people shall plunder them, and the survivors of my people shall possess them.
J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
Wherefore, as I live, declareth Yahweh of hosts, God of Israel, Surely, Moab, like Sodom, shall become, and, the sons of Ammon, like Gomorrah, a possession for the thorn, and a pit of salt, Yea a desolation, unto times age-abiding: The remnant of my people, shall make of them a prey, and, the residue of my nation, shall inherit them.
Douay-Rheims Bible
Therefore as I live, saith the Lord of hosts the God of Israel, Moab shall be as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrha, the dryness of thorns, and heaps of salt, and a desert even for ever: the remnant of my people shall make a spoil of them, and the residue of my nation shall possess them.
Revised Standard Version
Therefore, as I live," says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, "Moab shall become like Sodom, and the Ammonites like Gomor'rah, a land possessed by nettles and salt pits, and a waste for ever. The remnant of my people shall plunder them, and the survivors of my nation shall possess them."
Bishop's Bible (1568)
Therefore as I liue, sayth the Lord of hoastes the God of Israel, Moab shalbe as Sodoma, & Ammon as Gomorra, euen the breeding of nettles, and salt pittes, & a perpetuall wildernesse: The residue of my folke shal spoyle them, the remnaunt of my people shall haue them in possession.
Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
Therefore, as I live, saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, Moab shall be as Sodoma, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrha; and Damascus shall be left as a heap of the threshing-floor, and desolate for ever: and the remnant of my people shall plunder them, and the remnant of my nations shall inherit them.
Good News Translation
As surely as I am the living Lord , the God of Israel, I swear that Moab and Ammon are going to be destroyed like Sodom and Gomorrah. They will become a place of salt pits and everlasting ruin, overgrown with weeds. Those of my people who survive will plunder them and take their land."
Christian Standard Bible®
Therefore, as I live—
Hebrew Names Version
Therefore as I live, says the LORD of Hosts, the God of Yisra'el, surely Mo'av will be as Sedom, and the children of `Ammon as `Amorah, a possession of nettles, and salt pits, and a perpetual desolation. The remnant of my people will plunder them, and the survivors of my nation will inherit them.
King James Version
Therefore as I live, saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, Surely Moab shall be as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah, even the breeding of nettles, and saltpits, and a perpetual desolation: the residue of my people shall spoil them, and the remnant of my people shall possess them.
Lexham English Bible
"Therefore, as I live"—a declaration of Yahweh of hosts, the God of Israel— "Moab shall be as Sodom, and the Ammonites like Gomorrah, a place of weeds and salt pits and a desolation forever. The remnant of my people shall plunder them, and the remainder of my nation shall possess them."
Literal Translation
Therefore, as I live, declares Jehovah of Hosts, the God of Israel, surely Moab shall be as Sodom, and the sons of Ammon like Gomorrah, a possession of nettles, and a pit of salt, and a ruin forever.The remnant of My people shall plunder them,and the rest of the nation shall possess them.
Young's Literal Translation
Therefore, I live, An affirmation of Jehovah of Hosts, God of Israel, Surely, Moab is as Sodom, And the sons of Ammon as Gomorrah, An overrunning of nettles and salt-pits, And a desolation -- unto the age. A residue of My people do seize them, And a remnant of My nation inherit them.
Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
Therfore as truly as I lyue (saieth the LORDE of hoostes the God of Israel) Moab shalbe as Sodome, & Ammon as Gomorra: euen drie thorne hedges, salt pittes and a perpetuall wyldernes. The residue of my folke shall spoyle them the remnaunt of my people shall haue them in possession.
New English Translation
Therefore, as surely as I live," says the Lord who commands armies, the God of Israel, "be certain that Moab will become like Sodom and the Ammonites like Gomorrah. They will be overrun by weeds, filled with salt pits, and permanently desolate. Those of my people who are left will plunder their belongings; those who are left in Judah will take possession of their land."
New King James Version
Therefore, as I live," Says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, "Surely Moab shall be like Sodom, And the people of Ammon like Gomorrah-- Overrun with weeds and saltpits, And a perpetual desolation. The residue of My people shall plunder them, And the remnant of My people shall possess them."
New American Standard Bible (1995)
"Therefore, as I live," declares the LORD of hosts, The God of Israel, "Surely Moab will be like Sodom And the sons of Ammon like Gomorrah— A place possessed by nettles and salt pits, And a perpetual desolation. The remnant of My people will plunder them And the remainder of My nation will inherit them."
Legacy Standard Bible
Therefore, as I live," declares Yahweh of hosts,The God of Israel,"Surely Moab will be like SodomAnd the sons of Ammon like Gomorrah—A place possessed by nettles and salt pits,And a perpetual desolation.The remnant of My people will plunder them,And the remainder of My nation will inherit them."

Contextual Overview

8 "I have heard the taunts of the Moabites and the insults of the Ammonites, mocking my people and invading their borders. 9 Now, as surely as I live," says the Lord of Heaven's Armies, the God of Israel, "Moab and Ammon will be destroyed— destroyed as completely as Sodom and Gomorrah. Their land will become a place of stinging nettles, salt pits, and eternal desolation. The remnant of my people will plunder them and take their land." 10 They will receive the wages of their pride, for they have scoffed at the people of the Lord of Heaven's Armies. 11 The Lord will terrify them as he destroys all the gods in the land. Then nations around the world will worship the Lord , each in their own land.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

as I: Numbers 14:21, Isaiah 49:18, Jeremiah 46:18, Romans 14:11

Surely: Isaiah 11:14, Isaiah 15:1 - Isaiah 16:14, Isaiah 25:10, Jeremiah 48:1 - Jeremiah 49:7, Ezekiel 25:1 - Ezekiel 26:21, Amos 1:13-15, Amos 2:1-3

as Gomorrah: Zephaniah 2:14, Genesis 19:24, Genesis 19:25, Deuteronomy 29:23, Isaiah 13:19, Isaiah 13:20, Isaiah 34:9-13, Jeremiah 49:18, Jeremiah 50:40

the residue: Zephaniah 2:7, Zephaniah 3:13, Joel 3:19, Joel 3:20, Micah 5:7, Micah 5:8

Reciprocal: Genesis 19:38 - children Genesis 27:29 - cursed Judges 9:45 - beat 2 Kings 2:20 - salt therein Job 30:7 - the nettles Job 31:40 - thistles Psalms 107:33 - turneth Isaiah 1:9 - we should Isaiah 16:6 - have Isaiah 17:14 - the portion Isaiah 34:13 - thorns Jeremiah 17:6 - a salt Jeremiah 20:16 - as Jeremiah 31:7 - remnant Jeremiah 48:9 - the cities Jeremiah 48:21 - the plain Jeremiah 49:33 - a dwelling Ezekiel 16:50 - therefore Ezekiel 21:32 - thou shalt be no Ezekiel 28:26 - despise Ezekiel 33:11 - As I live Ezekiel 35:9 - perpetual Ezekiel 39:10 - shall spoil Hosea 11:8 - Admah Zechariah 2:9 - and they Luke 17:29 - General 2 Peter 2:6 - turning

Cross-References

Genesis 2:8
Then the Lord God planted a garden in Eden in the east, and there he placed the man he had made.
Genesis 2:9
The Lord God made all sorts of trees grow up from the ground—trees that were beautiful and that produced delicious fruit. In the middle of the garden he placed the tree of life and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
Genesis 2:17
except the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. If you eat its fruit, you are sure to die."
Genesis 3:3
"It's only the fruit from the tree in the middle of the garden that we are not allowed to eat. God said, ‘You must not eat it or even touch it; if you do, you will die.'"
Deuteronomy 6:25
For we will be counted as righteous when we obey all the commands the Lord our God has given us.'
Proverbs 3:18
Wisdom is a tree of life to those who embrace her; happy are those who hold her tightly.
Proverbs 11:30
The seeds of good deeds become a tree of life; a wise person wins friends.
Isaiah 44:25
I expose the false prophets as liars and make fools of fortune-tellers. I cause the wise to give bad advice, thus proving them to be fools.
Isaiah 47:10
"You felt secure in your wickedness. ‘No one sees me,' you said. But your ‘wisdom' and ‘knowledge' have led you astray, and you said, ‘I am the only one, and there is no other.'
Ezekiel 31:16
I made the nations shake with fear at the sound of its fall, for I sent it down to the grave with all the others who descend to the pit. And all the other proud trees of Eden, the most beautiful and the best of Lebanon, the ones whose roots went deep into the water, took comfort to find it there with them in the depths of the earth.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

Therefore [as] I live, saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel,.... The Lord here swears by himself, by his life; partly to show how provoked he was at, and how grievously he resented, the injuries done to his people; and partly to observe the certain fulfilment of what is after declared; and it might be depended upon it would surely be done, not only because of his word and oath, which are immutable; but because of his ability to do it, as "the Lord of hosts", of armies above and below; and because of the covenant relation that subsisted between him and Israel, being their God; and therefore would avenge the insults and injuries done them:

surely Moab shall be as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah; that is, should be utterly destroyed, as these cities were; whose destruction is often made use of to express the utter ruin and destruction of any other people; otherwise it is not to be supposed that these countries were to be destroyed, or were destroyed, in like manner, by fire from heaven; the similitude lies in other things after expressed:

[even] the breeding of nettles; or "left to nettles" q; or rather to "thorns", as the Targum: and so the Vulgate Latin version renders it "the dryness of thorns", though to a very poor sense. In general the meaning of the phrase is, that those countries should be very barren and desolate, like such places as are overrun with nettles, thorns, briers, and brambles; and these so thick, that there is no passing through them without a man's tearing his garments and his flesh: for Schultens r, from the use of the word s in the Arabic language, shows that the words are to be rendered a "thicket of thorns which tear"; and cut the feet of those that pass through them; and even their whole body, as well as their clothes; and, wherever these grow in such plenty, it is a plain sign of a barren land, as well as what follow:

and saltpits, and a perpetual desolation; signifying that the countries of Moab and Ammon should be waste, barren, and uncultivated, as the above places were, where nothing but nettles grew, as do in great abundance in desolate places; and where saltpits should be, or heaps of salt, as Kimchi interprets it; and wherever salt is found, as Pliny t says, it is a barren place, and produces nothing; though Herodotus u speaks of places where were hillocks of salt, and very fruitful; and where the people used salt in manuring and improving their ground; which must be accounted for by the difference of climate and soil: this passage is produced by Reland w to prove that the lake Asphaltites is not the place, as is commonly believed, where Sodom and Gomorrah stood; since those cities were not overflown, or immersed in and covered with water, but were destroyed by fire and brimstone, and so became desolate; and had no herbs and plants, but nettles, and such like things; and such these countries of Moab and Ammon should be, and ever remain so, at least for a long time; and especially should be desolate and uninhabited by the former possessors of it; see Deuteronomy 29:23 this was fulfilled about five years after the destruction of Jerusalem, when Nebuchadnezzar, as Josephus x relates, led his army into Coelesyria, and made war upon the Ammonites and Moabites, and subjected them to him, who were the inhabitant of it, as the same writer says y:

the residue of my people shall spoil them, and the remnant of my people shall possess them; that is, the Jews, the remnant of them that returned from Babylon: now these, in the times of the Maccabees, and those that descended from them, seized on several places in these countries, and possessed them; for, after these countries had been subdued and made desolate by Nebuchadnezzar, they became considerable nations again. Josephus z says the Moabites in his time were a great nation; though in the third century, as Origen a relates, they went under the common name of Arabians; and, even long before the times of Josephus, they were called Arabian Moabites, as he himself observes; when he tells us that Alexander Jannaeus subdued them, and imposed a tribute on them; and who also gives us an account of the cities of the Moabites, which were taken and demolished by them, as Essebon, Medaba, Lemba, Oronas, Telithon, Zara, the valley of the Cilicians, and Pella; these he destroyed, because the inhabitants would not promise to conform to the rites and customs of the Jews b; though Josephus ben Gorion, who also makes mention of these cities as taken by the same prince, says c he did not demolish them, because they entered into a covenant and were circumcised; and he speaks of ten fortified cities of the king of Syria, added at the same time to the kingdom of Israel, not destroyed: likewise the children of Ammon, after their captivity by Nebuchadnezzar, became a powerful people: we read of the country of the Ammonites in

"Then Jason, who had undermined his own brother, being undermined by another, was compelled to flee into the country of the Ammonites.'' (2 Maccabees 4:26)

and, in the times of Judas Maccabeus, Timotheus, their general, got together a strong and numerous army, which being worsted by Judas, he took their city Jasoron, or Jaser,

"Afterward he passed over to the children of Ammon, where he found a mighty power, and much people, with Timotheus their captain.'' (1 Maccabees 5:6)

carried their wives and children captive, and burnt their city d; and this people, as well as the Moabites in the third century, as before observed, were swallowed up under the general name of Arabians; and neither of them are any more; all which has fulfilled this prophecy, and those of Jeremiah and Amos concerning them: this, likewise, in a spiritual sense, might have a further accomplishment in the first times of the Gospel, when it was preached in these countries by the apostles, and churches were formed in them; and may be still further accomplished in the latter day, when those parts of the world shall be possessed by converted Jews and by Gentile Christians. Kimchi owns it may be interpreted as future, of what shall be in the times of the Messiah.

q ממשק חרול "locus urticae derelictus", Bochart. Hierozoic. par. 1. col. 872. Stockius, p. 629.; "derelictio urticae", Burkius. So R. Sol. Urbin. Ohel Moed, fol. 68. 2. r De Defect. Hodiern. Ling. Heb. p. 32. s "laceravit, laceratus est", Golius, col. 2231. Castel. col. 2165. t Nat. Hist. l. 31. c. 7. "Salsa autem tellus----frugibus infelix." Virgil. Georgic. l. 2. u Melpomene, sive l. 4. c. 182, 183. w Palestina Illustrata, l. 1. c. 38. p. 254, 255. x Antiqu. l. 10. c. 9. sect. 7. y Ibid. l. 1. c. 11. sect. 5. z Antiqu. l. 1. c. 11. sect. 5. a Comment. in Job, fol. 2. 1. A. b Antiqu. l. 13. c. 13. sect. 5. c. 15. sect. 4. De Bello Jud. l. 1. c. 4. sect. 2. c Hist. Heb. l. 4. c. 12. p. 297. d Joseph. Antiqu. l. 12. c. 8. sect. 1. 1 Maccab. v. 6.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Therefore as I live, saith the Lord of hosts - Life especially belongs to God, since He Alone is Underived Life. “He hath life in Himself” John 5:26. He is entitled “the living God,” as here, in tacit contrast with the dead idols of the Philistines 1 Samuel 17:26, 1 Samuel 17:36, with idols generally Jeremiah 10:10; or against the blasphemies of Sennacherib 2 Kings 19:4, 2 Kings 19:16, the mockeries of scoffers Jeremiah 23:36, of the awe of His presence (Deuteronomy 5:25 (Deuteronomy 5:26 in Hebrew)), His might for His people Joshua 3:10; as the object of the soul’s longings , the nearness in the Gospel, “children of the living God” (Hosea 1:10 (Hosea 2:1 in Hebrew)). “Since He can swear by no greater, He sware by Himself” Hebrews 6:13. Since mankind are ready mostly to believe that God means well with them, but are slow to think that He is in earnest in His threats, God employs this sanction of what He says, twice only in regard to His promises or His mercy Isaiah 49:18; Ezekiel 33:10; everywhere else to give solemnity to His threats Numbers 14:28; Deuteronomy 32:40, (adding לעולס) Jeremiah 22:24; Ezekiel 5:11; Ezekiel 14:16, Ezekiel 14:18, Ezekiel 14:20; Ezekiel 16:48; (as Judge) Ezekiel 17:16, Ezekiel 17:19; Ezekiel 18:3; (in rebuke) Ezekiel 20:3, Ezekiel 20:31, Ezekiel 20:33; Ezekiel 33:27; Ezekiel 34:8; Ezekiel 35:11. In the same sense, I swear by Myself, Jeremiah 22:5; Jeremiah 49:13; hath sworn by Himself, Amos 6:8; by the excellency of Jacob, Amos 8:7). The appeal to the truth of His own being in support of the truth of His words is part of the grandeur el the prophet Ezekiel in whom it chiefly occurs. God says in the same meaning, by Myself have I sworn, of promises which required strong faith .

Saith the Lord of Hosts - Their blasphemies had denied the very being of God, as God, to whom they preferred or likened their idols; they had denied His power or that He could avenge, so He names His Name of power, “the Lord of the hosts” of heaven against their array against His border, I, “the Lord of hosts” who can fulfill what I threaten, and “the God of Israel” who Myself am wronged in My people, will make “Moab as Sodom, and the children of Ammon as Gomorrah.” Sodom and Gomorrah had once been flourishing cities, on the borders of that land, which Israel had won from the Amorite, and of which Moab and Ammon at different times possessed themselves, and to secure which Ammon carried on that exterminating war. For they were to the east of the plain “between Bethel and Ai,” where Lot made his choice, “in the plain or circle of Jordan” Genesis 13:1, Genesis 13:3, Genesis 13:11, the well known title of the tract, through which the Jordan flowed into the Dead Sea. Near this, lay Zoar, (Ziara) beneath the caves whither Lot, at whose prayer it had been spared, escaped from its wickedness.

Moab and Ammon had settled and in time spread from the spot, wherein their forefathers had received their birth. Sodom, at least, must have been in that part of the plain, which is to the east of the Jordan, since Lot was bidden to flee to the mountains, with his wife and daughters, and there is no mention of the river, which would have been a hindrance Genesis 19:17-23. Then it lay probably in that “broad belt of desolation” in the plain of Shittim, as Gomorrah and others of the Pentapolis may have lain in “the sulphur-sprinkled expanse” between El Riha (on the site of Jericho) and the dead sea, “covered with layers of salt and gypsum which overlie the loamy subsoil, literally, fulfilling the descriptions of Holy Writ (says an eye-witness), “Brimstone and salt and burning, that it is not sown nor beareth, nor any grass groweth therein” Deuteronomy 29:23 : “a fruitful land turned into salthess” Psalms 107:34. “No man shall abide there, neither shall a son of man dwell in it” Jeremiah 49:18. An elaborate system of artificial irrigation was carried through that cis-Jordanic tract, which decayed when it was desolated of man, and that desolation prevents its restoration.

The doom of Moab and Ammon is rather of entire destruction beyond all recovery, than of universal barrenness. For the imagery, that it should be the “breeding” (literally, ‘possession’) “of nettles” would not be literally compatible, except in different localities, with that of “saltpits,” which exclude all vegetation. Yet both are united in Moab. The soil continues, as of old, of exuberant fertility; yet in part, from the utter neglect and insecurity of agriculture it is abandoned to a rank and encumbering vegetation; elsewhere, from the neglect of the former artiticial system of irrigation, it is wholly barren. The plant named is one of rank growth, since outcasts could lie concealed under it Job 30:7. The preponderating authority seems to be for “mollach,” the Bedouin name of the “mallow,” Prof. E. H. Palmer says , “which,” he adds, “I have seen growing in rank luxuriance in Moab, especially in the sides of deserted Arab camps.”

The residue of My people shall spoil them, and the remnant of My people shall possess them - Again, a remnant only, but even these shall prevail against them, as was first fulfilled in Judas Maccabaeus (1 Macc. 5:6-8).

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse 9. The breeding of nettles — That is, their land shall become desolate, and be a place for nettles, thorns, &c., to flourish in, for want of cultivation.


 
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