Lectionary Calendar
Friday, November 22nd, 2024
the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Read the Bible

New King James Version

Isaiah 1:30

For you shall be as a terebinth whose leaf fades, And as a garden that has no water.

Bible Study Resources

Concordances:

- Nave's Topical Bible - Idolatry;   Wicked (People);   Thompson Chain Reference - Dearth;   Drought, Spiritual;   Drought-Showers, Spiritual;   Dry Places;   Spiritual;   Torrey's Topical Textbook - Gardens;   Oak-Tree, the;   Trees;   Water;   Wicked, the, Are Compared to;  

Dictionaries:

- American Tract Society Bible Dictionary - Isaiah;   Easton Bible Dictionary - Leaf;   Oak;   Fausset Bible Dictionary - Garden;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Isaiah;   Leaf, Leaves;   Terebinth;   Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Garden;   Gift, Giving;   Isaiah;   Isaiah, Book of;   Oak;   Morrish Bible Dictionary - Garden, Gardener;   Oak;   Smith Bible Dictionary - Leaf, Leaves;   Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types - Fade;  

Encyclopedias:

- Condensed Biblical Cyclopedia - Kingdom of Judah;   International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Fade;   Garden;   Isaiah;   Oak;   Terebinth;   The Jewish Encyclopedia - Groves and Sacred Trees;  

Parallel Translations

Easy-to-Read Version
because you will be like an oak tree whose leaves are dying. You will be like a garden dying without water.
New Living Translation
You will be like a great tree with withered leaves, like a garden without water.
Update Bible Version
For you shall be as an oak whose leaf fades, and as a garden that has no water.
New Century Version
You will be like an oak whose leaves are dying or like a garden without water.
New English Translation
For you will be like a tree whose leaves wither, like an orchard that is unwatered.
Webster's Bible Translation
For ye shall be as an oak whose leaf fadeth, and as a garden that hath no water.
World English Bible
For you shall be as an oak whose leaf fades, And as a garden that has no water.
Amplified Bible
For you will be like an oak whose leaf withers and dies And like a garden that has no water.
English Standard Version
For you shall be like an oak whose leaf withers, and like a garden without water.
Wycliffe Bible (1395)
Whanne ye schulen be as an ook, whanne the leeues fallen doun, and as an orcherd with out watir.
English Revised Version
For ye shall be as an oak whose leaf fadeth, and as a garden that hath no water.
Berean Standard Bible
For you will become like an oak whose leaves are withered, like a garden without water.
Contemporary English Version
You will be like a grove of trees dying in a drought.
American Standard Version
For ye shall be as an oak whose leaf fadeth, and as a garden that hath no water.
Bible in Basic English
For you will be like a tree whose leaves have become dry, and like a garden without water.
Complete Jewish Bible
for you will be like an oak whose leaf fades, like a garden without any water.
Darby Translation
For ye shall be as a terebinth whose leaf fadeth, and as a garden that hath no water.
JPS Old Testament (1917)
For ye shall be as a terebinth whose leaf fadeth, and as a garden that hath no water.
King James Version (1611)
For yee shall be as an oke whose leafe fadeth, and as a garden that hath no water.
New Life Bible
For you will be like an oak tree whose leaf dries up, or like a garden that has no water.
New Revised Standard
For you shall be like an oak whose leaf withers, and like a garden without water.
Geneva Bible (1587)
For ye shalbe as an oke, whose leafe fadeth: and as a garden that hath no water.
George Lamsa Translation
For they shall be like an oak whose leaves have fallen, and like a garden that has no water.
Good News Translation
You will wither like a dying oak, like a garden that no one waters.
J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
For ye shall be as an oak with its leaf faded, And as a garden that hath no, water;
Douay-Rheims Bible
When you shall be as an oak with the leaves falling off, and as a garden without water.
Revised Standard Version
For you shall be like an oak whose leaf withers, and like a garden without water.
Bishop's Bible (1568)
For ye shalbe as a tree whose leaues are fallen away, and as a garden that hath no moystnesse.
Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
For they shall be as a turpentine tree that has cast its leaves, and as a garden that has no water.
Christian Standard Bible®
For you will become like an oakwhose leaves are withered,and like a garden without water.
Hebrew Names Version
For you shall be as an oak whose leaf fades, And as a garden that has no water.
King James Version
For ye shall be as an oak whose leaf fadeth, and as a garden that hath no water.
Lexham English Bible
For you shall be like an oak withering its leaves, and like a garden where there is no water for her.
Literal Translation
For you shall be like a tree whose leaf fades, and like a garden that has no water in it.
Young's Literal Translation
For ye are as an oak whose leaf is fading, And as a garden that hath no water.
Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
ye shalbe as an oke whose leaues are fallen awaye, and as a garden that hath no moystnesse.
New American Standard Bible
For you will be like an oak whose leaf withers away, Or like a garden that has no water.
New American Standard Bible (1995)
For you will be like an oak whose leaf fades away Or as a garden that has no water.
Legacy Standard Bible
For you will be like an oak whose leaf withers awayOr as a garden that has no water.

Contextual Overview

21 How the faithful city has become a harlot! It was full of justice; Righteousness lodged in it, But now murderers. 22 Your silver has become dross, Your wine mixed with water. 23 Your princes are rebellious, And companions of thieves; Everyone loves bribes, And follows after rewards. They do not defend the fatherless, Nor does the cause of the widow come before them. 24 Therefore the Lord says, The LORD of hosts, the Mighty One of Israel, "Ah, I will rid Myself of My adversaries, And take vengeance on My enemies. 25 I will turn My hand against you, And thoroughly purge away your dross, And take away all your alloy. 26 I will restore your judges as at the first, And your counselors as at the beginning. Afterward you shall be called the city of righteousness, the faithful city." 27 Zion shall be redeemed with justice, And her penitents with righteousness. 28 The destruction of transgressors and of sinners shall be together, And those who forsake the LORD shall be consumed. 29 For they [fn] shall be ashamed of the terebinth treesWhich you have desired;And you shall be embarrassed because of the gardensWhich you have chosen. 30 For you shall be as a terebinth whose leaf fades, And as a garden that has no water.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

ye shall be: Isaiah 5:6, Jeremiah 17:5, Jeremiah 17:6, Ezekiel 17:9, Ezekiel 17:10, Ezekiel 17:24, Matthew 21:19

garden: Isaiah 58:11, Jeremiah 31:12, Ezekiel 31:4-18

Reciprocal: Isaiah 6:13 - teil tree Jeremiah 11:16 - with

Cross-References

Genesis 1:15
and let them be for lights in the firmament of the heavens to give light on the earth"; and it was so.
Genesis 1:16
Then God made two great lights: the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night. He made the stars also.
Genesis 9:3
Every moving thing that lives shall be food for you. I have given you all things, even as the green herbs.
Job 39:4
Their young ones are healthy, They grow strong with grain; They depart and do not return to them.
Job 39:8
The range of the mountains is his pasture, And he searches after every green thing.
Job 39:30
Its young ones suck up blood; And where the slain are, there it is."
Job 40:15
"Look now at the behemoth, [fn] which I made along with you;He eats grass like an ox.
Job 40:20
Surely the mountains yield food for him, And all the beasts of the field play there.
Psalms 104:14
He causes the grass to grow for the cattle, And vegetation for the service of man, That he may bring forth food from the earth,
Psalms 147:9
He gives to the beast its food, And to the young ravens that cry.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

For ye shall be as an oak whose leaf fadeth,.... Shall be stripped of all their dependencies and self confidence, and be as naked and as bare as an oak that has cast its leaves; or thus, in a way of just retaliation, since they have desired oaks, and sacrificed under them, they shall be like them as in the wintertime, stripped of all their riches, honour, substance, and desirable things; see

Revelation 18:12

and as a garden that hath no water; in which the herbs and plants are dried up and withered: it signifies the uncomfortable condition such shall be in, as before.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

For ye ... - The mention of the tree in the previous verse, gives the prophet occasion for the beautiful image in this. They had desired the oak, and they should be like it. That, when the frost came, was divested of its beauty, and its leaves faded, and fell; so should their beauty and privileges and happiness, as a people, fade away at the anger of God.

A garden that hath no water - That is therefore withered and parched up; where nothing would flourish, but where all would be desolation - a most striking image of the approaching desolation of the Jewish nation. In Eastern countries this image would be more striking than with us. In these hot regions, a constant supply of water is necessary for the cultivation, and even for the very existence and preservation of a garden. Should it lack water for a few days, everything in it would be burned up with neat and totally destroyed. In all gardens, therefore, in those regions; there must be a constant supply of water, either from some neighboring river, or from some fountain or reservoir within it. To secure such a fountain became an object of indispensable importance, not only for the coolness and pleasantness of the garden, but for the very existence of the vegetation. Dr. Russell, in his Natural History of Aleppo, says, that ‘all the gardens of Aleppo are on the banks of the river that runs by that city, or on the sides of the rill that supplies their aqueduct;’ and all the rest of the country he represents as perfectly burned up in the summer months, the gardens only retaining their verdure, on account of the moistness of their situation.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Isaiah 1:30. Whose leaf - "Whose leaves"] Twenty-six of Kennicott's, twenty-four of De Rossi's, one ancient, of my own, and seven editions, read אליה aleyha, in its full and regular form. This is worth remarking, as it accounts for a great number of anomalies of the like kind, which want only the same authority to rectify them.

As a garden that hath no water - "A garden wherein is no water."] In the hotter parts of the Eastern countries, a constant supply of water is so absolutely necessary for the cultivation and even for the preservation and existence of a garden, that should it want water but for a few days, every thing in it would be burnt up with the heat, and totally destroyed. There is therefore no garden whatever in those countries but what has such a certain supply, either from some neighbouring river, or from a reservoir of water collected from springs, or filled with rain water in the proper season, in sufficient quantity to afford ample provision for the rest of the year.

Moses, having described the habitation of man newly created as a garden planted with every tree pleasant to the sight and good for food, adds, as a circumstance necessary to complete the idea of a garden, that it was well supplied with water, "And a river went out of Eden to water the garden;" Genesis 2:10: see also Genesis 13:10.

That the reader may have a clear notion of this matter, it will be necessary to give some account of the management of their gardens in this respect.

"Damascus," says Maundrell, p. 122, "is encompassed with gardens, extending no less, recording to common estimation, than thirty miles round; which makes it look like a city in a vast wood. The gardens are thick set with fruit trees of all kinds, kept fresh and verdant by the waters of the Barrady, (the Chrysorrhoas of the ancients,) which supply both the gardens and city in great abundance. This river, as soon as it issues out from between the cleft of the mountain before mentioned into the plain, is immediately divided into three streams; of which the middlemost and biggest runs directly to Damascus, and is distributed to all the cisterns and fountains of the city. The other two (which I take to be the work of art) are drawn round, one to the right hand, and the other to the left, on the borders of the gardens, into which they are let as they pass, by little currents, and so dispersed all over the vast wood, insomuch that there is not a garden but has a fine quick stream running through it. The Barrady is almost wholly drunk up by the city and gardens. What small part of it escapes is united, as I was informed, in one channel again on the southeast side of the city; and, after about three or four hours' course finally loses itself in a bog there, without ever arriving at the sea." This was likewise the case in former times, as Strabo, lib. xvi., Pliny, lib. v. 18, testify; who say, "that this river was expended in canals, and drunk up by watering the place."

"The best sight," says the same Maundrell, p. 39, "that the palace of the emir of Beroot, anciently Berytus, affords, and the worthiest to be remembered, is the orange garden. It contains a large quadrangular plat of ground, divided into sixteen lesser squares, four in a row, with walks between them. The walks are shaded with orange trees of a large spreading size. Every one of these sixteen lesser squares in the garden was bordered with stone; and in the stone work were troughs, very artificially contrived, for conveying the water all over the garden; there being little outlets cut at every tree for the stream as it passed by to flow out and water it." The royal gardens at Ispahan are watered just in the same manner, according to Kempfer's description, Amoen. Exot., p. 193.

This gives us a clear idea of the פלגי מים palgey mayim, mentioned in the first Psalm, and other places of Scripture, "the divisions of waters," the waters distributed in artificial canals; for so the phrase properly signifies. The prophet Jeremiah, Jeremiah 17:8, has imitated, and elegantly amplified, the passage of the psalmist above referred to: -

"He shall be like a tree planted by the water side,

And which sendeth forth her roots to the aqueduct.

She shall not fear, when the heat cometh;

But her leaf shall be green;

And in the year of drought she shall not be anxious,

Neither shall she cease from bearing fruit."


From this image the son of Sirach, Ecclus. 24:30, 31, has most beautifully illustrated the influence and the increase of religious wisdom in a well prepared heart.

"I also come forth as a canal from a river,

And as a conduit flowing into a paradise.

I said, I will water my garden,

And I will abundantly moisten my border:

And, lo! my canal became a river,

And my river became a sea."


This gives us the true meaning of the following elegant proverb, Proverbs 21:1: -


"The heart of the king is like the canals of

waters in the hand of JEHOVAH;

Whithersoever it pleaseth him, he inclineth it."


The direction of it is in the hand of JEHOVAH, as the distribution of the water of the reservoir through the garden by different canals is at the will of the gardener.

"Et, cum exustus ager morientibus aestuat herbis,

Ecce supercilio clivosi tramitis undam

Elicit: illa cadens raucum per levia murmur

Saxa ciet, scatebrisque arentia temperat arva."

Virg., Georg. i. 107.

"Then, when the fiery suns too fiercely play,

And shrivelled herbs on withering stems decay,

The wary ploughman on the mountain's brow

Undams his watery stores; huge torrents flow;

And, rattling down the rocks, large moisture yield,

Tempering the thirsty fever of the field."

DRYDEN.

Solomon, Ecclesiastes 2:5-6, mentions his own works of this kind: -

"I made me gardens, and paradises;

And I planted in them all kinds of fruit trees.

I made me pools of water,

To water with them the grove flourishing with trees."


Maundrell, p. 88, has given a description of the remains, as they are said to be, of these very pools made by Solomon, for the reception and preservation of the waters of a spring, rising at a little distance from them; which will give us a perfect notion of the contrivance and design of such reservoirs.

"As for the pools, they are three in number, lying in a row above each other; being so disposed that the waters of the uppermost may descend into the second, and those of the second into the third. Their figure is quadrangular, the breadth is the same in all, amounting to about ninety paces. In their length there is some difference between them; the first being about one hundred and sixty paces long, the second, two hundred, and the third, two hundred and twenty. They are all lined with wall and plastered; and contain a great depth of water."

The immense works which were made by the ancient kings of Egypt for recovering the waters of the Nile, when it overflowed, for such uses, are well known. But there never was a more stupendous work of this kind than the reservoir of Saba, or Merab, in Arabia Felix. According to the tradition of the country, it was the work of Balkis, that queen of Sheba who visited Solomon. It was a vast lake formed by the collection of the waters of a torrent in a valley, where, at a narrow pass between two mountains, a very high mole or dam was built. The water of the lake so formed had near twenty fathoms depth; and there were three sluices at different heights, by which, at whatever height the lake stood, the plain below might be watered. By conduits and canals from these sluices the water was constantly distributed in due proportion to the several lands; so that the whole country for many miles became a perfect paradise. The city of Saba, or Merab, was situated immediately below the great dam; a great flood came, and raised the lake above its usual height; the dam gave way in the middle of the night; the waters burst forth at once, and overwhelmed the whole city, with the neighbouring towns and people. The remains of eight tribes were forced to abandon their dwellings, and the beautiful valley became a morass and a desert. This fatal catastrophe happened long before the time of Mohammed, who mentions it in the Koran, chap. xxxiv. ver. 15. See also Sale, Prelim. s. i. p. 10, and Michaelis, Quest. aux Voyag. Dan. No. 94. Niebuhr, Descrip. de l'Arabie. p. 240.-L.


 
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