the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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King James Version
Matthew 22:45
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- InternationalParallel Translations
David calls the Messiah ‘Lord.' So how can he be David's son?"
Yf David call him Lorde: how is he then his sonne?
If David calls him 'Lord', how can he be his son?"
"Therefore, if David calls Him 'Lord,' how is He his son?"
David calls the Christ ‘Lord,' so how can the Christ be his son?"
If David then calls him Lord, how is he his son?
If David then calleth him Lord, how is he his son?
"So then, if David calls Him (the Son, the Messiah) 'Lord,' how is He David's son?"
If then David calls him Lord, how is he his son?"
"If then David calls him Lord, how is he his son?"
If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?
"If therefore David calls Him Lord, how can He be his son?"
Thanne if Dauid clepith hym Lord, hou is he his sone?
If David then calleth him Lord, how is he his son?
So if David calls Him Lord, how can He be David's son?"
If David called the Messiah his Lord, how can the Messiah be a son of King David?"
If David then calleth him Lord, how is he his son?
If David then gives him the name of Lord, how is he his son?
If David thus calls him ‘Lord,' how is he his son?"
If therefore David call him Lord, how is he his son?
If, then, David calleth him the Lord, how is he his son ?
If David then call] him Lord, how is he his son?
If Dauid then call him Lord, how is he his sonne?
Since David called the Messiah ‘my Lord,' how can the Messiah be his son?"
If David calls Him ‘Lord,' then how can He be the Son of David?"
If David thus calls him Lord, how can he be his son?"
If then Dauid call him Lord, howe is he his sonne?
If David then calls him Lord, how can he be his son?
If then, David, calleth him, Lord, How, is he, his son?
If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?
If David thus calls him Lord, how is he his son?"
If Dauid then call him Lorde, howe is he then his sonne?
If, then, David called him ‘Lord,' how can the Messiah be David's descendant?"
“If David calls him ‘Lord,’ how then can he be his son?”
"If then David calls him Lord, how is he his son?"
If then David calls him ‘Lord,' how is he his son?"
Then if David calls Him Lord, how is He his son?
If then David doth call him lord, how is he his son?'
Yf Dauid now call him LORDE, how is he then his sonne?
why then does David call him Lord, if He be David's son?
If David then calls him ‘Lord,' how can he be his son?"
If David then calls Him "Lord,' how is He his Son?"
"If David called this cowboy his master, how can this cowboy be a son of King David?"
"If David then calls Him 'Lord,' how is He his son?"
Therefore, if David calls Him ‘Lord,' how is He his son?"
Contextual Overview
Bible Verse Review
from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge
how: John 8:58, Romans 1:3, Romans 1:4, Romans 9:5, Philippians 2:6-8, 1 Timothy 3:16, Hebrews 2:14, Revelation 22:16
Reciprocal: Psalms 8:1 - our Luke 20:42 - the Lord
Gill's Notes on the Bible
If David then call him Lord,.... That is, the Messiah, which is taken for granted, nor could the Pharisees deny it,
how is he his son? The question is to be answered upon true and just notions of the Messiah, but unanswerable upon the principles of the Pharisees; who expected the Messiah only as a mere man, that should be of the seed of David, and so his son; and should sit upon his throne, and be a prosperous and victorious prince, and deliver them out of the hands of their temporal enemies: they were able to make answer to the question, separately considered, as that he should be of the lineage and house of David; should lineally descend from him, be of his family, one of his offspring and posterity, and so be properly and naturally his son; but how he could be so, consistent with his being David's Lord, puzzled them. Had they understood and owned the proper divinity of the Messiah, they might have answered, that as he was God, he was David's Lord, his maker, and his king; and, as man, was David's son, and so both his root and offspring; and this our Lord meant to bring them to a confession of, or put them to confusion and silence, which was the consequence.
Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Jesus proposes a question concerning the Messiah - See also Mark 12:35-37; Luke 20:41-44.
Matthew 22:41
While the Pharisees ... - Jesus, having confounded the great sects of the Jews, proceeds, in his turn, to propose to them a question for their solution.
This was done, not for the purpose of vain parade and triumph, but:
1.To show them how ignorant they were of their prophecies.
2.To humble them in view of their ignorance.
3.To bring to their attention the true doctrine respecting the Messiah - his being possessed of a character superior to that of David, the most mighty king of Israel - being his Lord, at the same time that he was his descendant.
Matthew 22:42
What think ye of Christ? - What are your views respecting the Messiah, or âthe Christ,â especially respecting his âgenealogy?â He did not ask them their mews respecting him in general, but only respecting his ancestry.
The article should have been retained in the translation - the Christ or the Messiah. He did not ask them their opinion respecting himself, his person, and work, as would seem in our translation, but their views respecting the Messiah whom they expected.
Whose son is he? - Whose âdescendant?â See the notes at Matthew 1:1.
The son of David - The descendant of David, according to the promise.
Matthew 22:43
How then ... - How is this doctrine that he is âdescendedâ from David consistent with what David says when he calls him âlord?â How can your opinion be reconciled with that? That declaration of David is recorded in Psalms 110:1. A âlordâ or master is a superior. The word here does not necessarily imply divinity, but only superiority. David calls him his superior, his lord, his master, his lawgiver, and expresses his willingness to obey him. If the Messiah was to be merely a descendant of David, as other men descended from parents if he was to have a human nature only if he did not exist when David wrote - with what propriety could he, then, call him his lord?
In spirit - By the inspiration of the Holy Spirit. As a prophet, Acts 2:30; Acts 1:16; 2 Samuel 23:2.
Matthew 22:44
The Lord said ... - This is the language of David.
âYahweh said to âmyâ lord âthe Messiahâ - sit thou,â etc. This was a prediction respecting the exaltation of Christ. To be raised to the right hand of a king was significant of favor, trust, and power. See the notes at Matthew 20:21. This was done respecting Christ, Mark 16:19; Acts 7:55; Romans 8:34; Ephesians 1:20; Hebrews 1:3; Hebrews 8:1; Hebrews 10:12. âThine enemies thy footstool.â A footstool is that which is under the feet when we are sitting implying that we have it under subjection, or at our control. So, Christ shall put all enemies under his feet - all his spiritual foes - all that rise up against him, Psalms 2:9, Psalms 2:12; Hebrews 10:13; 1 Corinthians 15:25.
Matthew 22:45
If David ... - If he was then Davidâs lord if he was his superior - if he had an existence at that time how could he be descended from him? They could not answer him.
Nor is there any way of answering the question but by the admission that the Messiah was divine as well as human; that he had an existence at the time of David, and was his lord and master, his God I and king, and that as man he was descended from him.
Remarks On Matthew 22:0
1. Multitudes of people, who are invited to be saved, reject the gospel and perish in their sins, Matthew 22:3.
2. If they perish, they only will be to blame. The offer was freely made, the salvation was provided, and the only reason why they were not saved was that they would not come, Matthew 22:3.
3. Attention to the affairs of this life, the love of the world, will shut many out of the kingdom of heaven, Matthew 22:5. Some attention to those things is necessary; but such a devotion to these things as to lead to the loss of the soul never can be right.
4. It is treating God ungratefully to reject his gospel, Matthew 22:3-5. He has sent his Son to die for us; he has entreated us to be saved; he has followed us with mercies; and to reject all these, and refuse to be saved, is to treat him with contempt, as well as to overwhelm ourselves in condemnation. âMan has no right to be damned.â He is under the most solemn obligations to be âsaved;â and after what God has done for us, deep and dreadful woe will await us if we are so foolish and wicked as to be lost.
5. Many of the poor and needy will be saved, while the haughty and rich will perish forever, Matthew 22:9-10.
6. Let those who make a profession of religion look often to the great day when Christ will search them, Matthew 22:11. There is a day coming that will try us. His eye will be upon us. He will read our hearts, and see whether we are clothed in his righteousness, or only the filthy rags of our own.
7. A profession of religion will not save us, Matthew 22:11-13. It is foolish to deceive ourselves. Nothing but genuine piety, true faith in Jesus, and a holy life, will save us. God asks not profession merely, but the heart. He asks not mockery, but sincerity; not pretension, but reality.
8. The hypocrite must perish, Matthew 22:13. It is right that he should perish. He knew his Masterâs will and would not do it. He must perish with an awful condemnation. No man sins amid so much light, none with so high a hand. No sin is so awful as to attempt to deceive God, and to palm pretensions on him for reality.
9. Pretended friends are sometimes more dangerous than avowed enemies, Matthew 22:16. Pretended friendship is often for the purpose of decoying us into evil. It throws us off our guard, and we are more easily taken.
10. The truth is often admitted by wicked people from mere hypocrisy, Matthew 22:16. It is only for the purpose of deceiving others and leading them into sin.
11. Wicked people can decide correctly on the character of a public preacher, Matthew 22:16. They often admit his claim in words, but for an evil purpose.
12. It may be right for us sometimes to attend to artful and captious questions, Matthew 22:18. It may afford opportunity to do good; to confound the wicked and to inculcate truth.
13. No cunning can overreach God, Matthew 22:18. He knows the heart, and he perceives the wickedness of all who attempt to deceive him.
14. It is right, and it is our duty to obey the law of the land, when it does not contravene the law of God, Matthew 22:21. âConscientious Christians make the best citizens.â Compare the notes at Romans 13:1-7.
15. We should give honor to civil rulers, Matthew 22:21, We should pay respect to the office, whatever may be the character of the ruler. We should speak well of it, not abuse it; yield proper obedience to its requirements, and not rebel against it. Men may be wicked who hold an office, but the office is ordained by God Romans 13:1-2; and for the sake of the office we must be patient, meek, submissive, and obedient, Matthew 23:3.
16. Yet we are to obey civil rulers no further than their commands are consistent with the law of God, Matthew 22:21. God is to be obeyed rather than man; and when a civil ruler commands a thing contrary to the laws of the Bible and the dictates of our consciences, we may, we must resist it, Acts 5:29.
17. The objections of people to the doctrines of the Bible are often founded on ignorance of what those doctrines are, and distrust of the power of God, Matthew 22:29. People often set up a notion which they call a doctrine of the Bible, and then fight a shadow, and think they have confuted the truth of God, while that truth was, in fact, untouched. It is a totally different thing from what they supposed.
18. When people attack a doctrine they should be certain that they under stand it, Matthew 22:29. The Sadducees did not understand the true doctrine of the resurrection. The inquiry which they should have made was whether they had correct views of it. This is the inquiry which people ought always first to make when they approach a doctrine of the Bible.
19. We learn the glory and happiness of the state after the resurrection, Matthew 22:30 (Luke). We shall be in some respects equal to the angels. Like them we shall be free from sin, suffering, and death. Like them we shall be complete in knowledge and felicity. Like them we shall be secure of eternal joy. Happy are those - the good of all the earth who shall have part in that resurrection of the just!
20. The dead shall be raised, Matthew 22:31-32. There is a state of happiness hereafter. This the gospel has revealed; and it is the most consoling and cheering truth that has ever beamed upon the heart of man.
21. Our pious friends that have died are now happy, Matthew 22:31-32. They are with God. God is still their God. A father, or mother, or sister, or friend that may have left us is there in perfect felicity. We should rejoice at that, nor should we wish them hack to the poor comforts and the many sufferings of this world.
22. It is our duty to love God with all the heart. Matthew 22:37. No half, formal, cold, and selfish affection comes up to the requirement. It must be full, entire, absolute. It must be pleasure in all his attributes - his justice, his power, his purposes, as well as his mercy and his goodness. God is to be loved just as he is. If man is not pleased with his whole character he is not pleased with him at all.
23. God is worthy of love. He is perfect. He should be loved early in life. Children should love him more than they do father, or mother, or friends. Their first affections should he fixed on God, and fixed on him supremely, until they die.
24. We must love our neighbor, Matthew 22:39. We must do to all as we would have them do to us. This is the law and the prophets: this is the way of justice, of peace, of kindness, of charity, of benevolence. If all men obeyed these laws, the earth would be a paradise, and man would taste the bliss of heaven here below.
25. We may ask here of each one, What think you of Christ? Matthew 22:42. What do you think of the necessity of a Saviour? What do you think of his nature? Is he God as well as man, or do you regard him only as a man? What do you think of his character? Do you see him to be lovely and pure, and is he such as to draw forth the warm affections of your heart? What do you think of salvation by him? Do you depend on him, and trust in him, and expect heaven only on the ground of his merits? Or, do you reject and despise him, and would you have joined in putting him to death? Nothing, more certainly tests the character, and shows what the feelings are, than the views which we entertain of Christ. Here error is fatal error; but he who has just views of the Redeemer, and right feelings toward him, is sure of salvation.
26. We have in this chapter an illustrious specimen of the wisdom of Jesus. He successfully met the snares of his mighty and crafty foes, and with infinite ease confounded them. No art of man could confound him. Never was wisdom more clear, never more triumphant.
Clarke's Notes on the Bible
Verse Matthew 22:45. How is he his son? — As the Jews did not attempt to deny the conclusion of our Lord's question, which was, the Messiah is not only the son of David according to the flesh, but he is the Lord of David according to his Divine nature, then it is evident they could not. Indeed, there was no other way of invalidating the argument, but by denying that the prophecy in question related to Christ: but it seems the prophecy was so fully and so generally understood to belong to the Messiah that they did not attempt to do this; for it is immediately added, No man was able to answer him a word - they were completely nonplussed and confounded.
