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Tuesday, April 29th, 2025
the Second Week after Easter
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Read the Bible

Easy-to-Read Version

Proverbs 30:31

a rooster walking proudly, a goat, and a king among his people.

Bible Study Resources

Concordances:

- Nave's Topical Bible - Dog (Sodomite?);   Greyhound;   Riddle;   Thompson Chain Reference - Animals;  

Dictionaries:

- American Tract Society Bible Dictionary - Proverb, the Book of;   Charles Buck Theological Dictionary - Pardon;   Easton Bible Dictionary - Greyhound;   Fausset Bible Dictionary - Goat;   Greyhound;   Wrestling;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Birds;   Cock;   Greyhound;   Proverbs, Book of;   Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Agur;   Cock;   Dog;   Goat;   Jakeh;   Massa;   Proverb;   Proverbs, Book of;   Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament - Cock-Crowing ;   Oration;   Morrish Bible Dictionary - Greyhound;   Proverbs, Book of;   People's Dictionary of the Bible - Greyhound;   Smith Bible Dictionary - Greyhound,;   Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types - Reyhound;  

Encyclopedias:

- International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Dog;   Goat;   Hunting;   The Jewish Encyclopedia - Cock;   Dog;   Goat;  

Parallel Translations

Christian Standard Bible®
a strutting rooster; a goat;and a king at the head of his army.
Hebrew Names Version
The greyhound, the male goat also; And the king against whom there is no rising up.
King James Version
A greyhound; an he goat also; and a king, against whom there is no rising up.
English Standard Version
the strutting rooster, the he-goat, and a king whose army is with him.
New American Standard Bible
The strutting rooster or the male goat, And a king when his army is with him.
New Century Version
a rooster, a male goat, and a king when his army is around him.
Amplified Bible
The strutting rooster, the male goat also, And the king when his army is with him.
World English Bible
The greyhound, the male goat also; And the king against whom there is no rising up.
Geneva Bible (1587)
A lusty grayhound, and a goate, and a King against whom there is no rising vp.
Legacy Standard Bible
The strutting rooster, the male goat also,And a king when his army is with him.
Berean Standard Bible
a strutting rooster, a he-goat, and a king with his army around him.
Contemporary English Version
those proud roosters, those mountain goats, and those rulers who have no enemies.
Complete Jewish Bible
the greyhound, the billy-goat and the king when his army is with him.
Darby Translation
a [horse] girt in the loins; or the he-goat; and a king, against whom none can rise up.
George Lamsa Translation
The cock that walks proudly among the chickens; the he-goat that goes before the flock; and a king who speaks among the people.
Good News Translation
goats, strutting roosters, and kings in front of their people.
Lexham English Bible
a strutting rooster or he-goat, and a king whose army is with him.
Literal Translation
one girded in loins, and a he goat, and a king -- there is no rising up with him.
Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
A cock ready to fight: A rame: And a kynge yt goeth forth wt his people.
American Standard Version
The greyhound; the he-goat also; And the king against whom there is no rising up.
Bible in Basic English
The war-horse, and the he-goat, and the king when his army is with him.
JPS Old Testament (1917)
The greyhound; the he-goat also; and the king, against whom there is no rising up.
King James Version (1611)
A gray-hound; an hee-goate also; and a king, against whom there is no rising vp.
Bishop's Bible (1568)
A grayhounde strong in the hynder partes, a ramme also, and a king against whom no man aryseth vp. '
English Revised Version
The greyhound; the he-goat also; and the king, against whom there is no rising up.
Wycliffe Bible (1395)
a cok gird the leendis, and a ram, and noon is that schal ayenstonde him.
Update Bible Version
The greyhound; the he-goat also; And the king against whom there is no rising up.
Webster's Bible Translation
A greyhound; a he-goat also; and a king, against whom [there is] no rising up.
New English Translation
a strutting rooster, a male goat, and a king with his army around him.
New King James Version
A greyhound, [fn] A male goat also,And a king whose troops are with him. [fn]
New Living Translation
the strutting rooster, the male goat, a king as he leads his army.
New Life Bible
the proud rooster, the male goat, and a king when his army is with him.
New Revised Standard
the strutting rooster, the he-goat, and a king striding before his people.
J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
The greyhound, or the he-goat, - and a king, having a band of soldiers with him.
Douay-Rheims Bible
A cock girded about the loins: and a ram: and a king, whom none can resist.
Revised Standard Version
the strutting cock, the he-goat, and a king striding before his people.
Young's Literal Translation
A girt one of the loins, or a he-goat, And a king -- no rising up with him.
New American Standard Bible (1995)
The strutting rooster, the male goat also, And a king when his army is with him.

Contextual Overview

29 There are three things that act important when they walk—really, there are four: 30 a lion—he is the warrior of the animals and runs from nothing, 31 a rooster walking proudly, a goat, and a king among his people. 32 If you have been foolish enough to become proud and make plans against other people, stop and think about what you are doing. 33 Stirring milk causes butter to form. Hitting someone's nose causes blood to flow. And making people angry causes trouble.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

greyhound: or, horse, Heb. girt in the lions

against: Proverbs 16:14, Proverbs 20:2, Daniel 3:15-18

Reciprocal: 1 Kings 21:7 - Dost thou now Ecclesiastes 8:3 - for Ecclesiastes 8:4 - the word Jeremiah 50:8 - he goats

Cross-References

Genesis 30:4
So Rachel gave Bilhah to her husband Jacob. He had sexual relations with Bilhah.
Genesis 30:6
Rachel said, "God has listened to my prayer. He decided to give me a son." So she named this son Dan.
Psalms 118:8
It is better to trust in the Lord than to trust in people.
Hebrews 13:5
Keep your lives free from the love of money. And be satisfied with what you have. God has said, "I will never leave you; I will never run away from you."

Gill's Notes on the Bible

A greyhound,.... So Gersom interprets the word; but Jarchi owns he does not know what is meant; and Aben Ezra only says, it is the name of a living creature, but does not say what; but observes, that some interpret it of the "bee", and others of the "eagle". The words of the original text only describe something "girt about the loins" o: and Kimchi p observes, that some say it is a hunting dog so called, because it is thin about the loins, as if it was bound and girt; and Aristotle q describes hunting dogs as well girded about their loins: but others, as Kimchi in the same place observes, interpret it of the leopard, which is small, and strong in its loins; and others of a bird called the starling; but he owns he cannot understand the meaning of its loins being girt: David de Pomis r interprets it of a cock; others, he says, interpret it a hunting dog; others, a leopard; and some, a species of an unclean bird; perhaps he means the starling, as before; and so the word is used for that bird in the Talmud s, and in the Arabic language t. Most likely the "horse" is meant; which is a very stately and majestic creature in its going, and is very comely when it has its harness girt on; and especially a war horse, with all its warlike accoutrements, when it proceeds to battle, and stalks on in it; this creature, one should think, could not be omitted among the four, which is described in so magnificent a manner in Job 39:19; and is called the goodly horse in the battle, Zechariah 10:3; unless a fine slender bodied race horse should be meant: the horse bids fairer than any other creature named to be what is designed. The third creature follows, which goes well, and is comely in going:

an he goat also; which with its long beard walks very gravely, and in a stately manner, before the flock; and the Septuagint, Syriac, and Arabic versions add, "going before the flock"; see Jeremiah 50:8. This stately walk of the goat is very particularly taken notice of by, Aelian u; he observes, that the she goat disdains to be last in a flock of sheep, but declares by her walk that she ought to be first; he adds, that the he goat goes before the she goats, glorying in his beard; and, by a kind of wonderful instinct in nature, judges the male is to be preferred to the female w. Kings, rulers, and governors, are compared to this creature; as Alexander the great is in Daniel 8:5; see Zechariah 10:3; especially such resemble it who rule well, and set good examples to their subjects: and to such, ministers of the Gospel are like; who go before their flocks, guide and direct them, and are examples to them: and likewise all believers; who strive to go before others in good works, and who then are comely in their going. The fourth is,

and a king, against whom [there is] no rising up; no insurrection, no opposition; who is not to be resisted or withstood; a lawful king, in the lawful administration of government, who rules in the fear of God, and according to his word, and the good and wholesome laws of a nation, ought not to be resisted, Romans 13:1; and a powerful, successful, and victorious king cannot be resisted, withstood, and prevailed over; he drives all before him, and subdues all under him, as David, Cyrus, Alexander, and others. But to none can this better be applied than to Christ, the King of kings; against whom there is no rising, before whom none can stand, against whom the gates of hell can never prevail; who, even in his state of humiliation, conquered and subdued all his and our enemies; destroyed the tyrant, sin; spoiled Satan, and his principalities and powers; overcame the world; abolished death, the last enemy; and delivered his people out of the hands of all, and made them more than conquerors: and who went forth in the ministry of the Gospel, into the Gentile world, conquering and to conquer; bearing down all opposition before him, and subduing the people under him; and who, in the latter day, will engage with his antichristian enemies, the beast, false prophet, and kings of the earth, and shall overcome them, and clear the world of them. And this is King who is comely in his going; as he was in his goings of old from everlasting; when he drew nigh to his divine. Father, and became the surety of his people; and in his coming into this world, by the assumption of our nature, to save lost perishing sinners: and so he is in his spiritual visits to his saints; in his goings in the sanctuary, and walks he takes amidst the golden candlesticks, his churches; as he will be also when he comes a second time in the clouds of heaven: it will be a glorious appearing; he will come with all the saints, and be attended with his mighty angels; he will come in their glory, in his own, and in the glory of his Father; and will be comely in his going indeed it will be with great stateliness and majesty. The learned Dr. Pococke x, from the use of the word "alkum" in the Arabic language, renders the words thus, "and a king with whom the people is"; who agree together; the one rules well, and the other obey cheerfully; such a king walking with majesty is comely to his people, and terrible to his enemies. The Targum is,

"and a king, who stands and speaks in the house of his people.''

o זרזיר מחנים "accinctus lumbis equus", Junius Tremellius, Piscator, Cartwright, Glassius, Bochart, Buxtorf "infibulatus lumbos equus", Schultens. p Sepher. Shorash. in voce זרזיר. q De Physiognom. c. 6. r Lexic. fol. 28. 1. s T. Bab. Bava Kama, fol. 92. 2. t Golius, col. 1092. u De Animal. l. 7. c. 26. w "Dux pecoris hircus, duxerat hircus oves", Tibullus, l. 2. Eleg. 1. v. 58. x Specimen. Arab. Hist. p. 203. So "kuma" is used for people in the Alcoran, Surat. Joseph. v. 9.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

A greyhound - The Hebrew word occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament. The literal meaning is: “one with loins girded;” and some have referred this to the stripes of the zebra, others to the “war-horse” (compare Job 39:19, Job 39:25), as he is represented in the sculptures of Persepolis, with rich and stately trappings.

A king, against whom there is no rising up - i. e., A king irresistible. Others prefer, “a king in the midst of his people,” and the sense, as giving a more vivid picture, is certainly more satisfactory.


 
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