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Joshua 10:11
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As they fled before Israel, the Lord threw large hailstones on them from the sky along the descent of Beth-horon all the way to Azekah, and they died. More of them died from the hail than the Israelites killed with the sword.
It happened, as they fled from before Yisra'el, while they were at the descent of Beit-Horon, that the LORD cast down great stones from the sky on them to `Azeka, and they died: they were more who died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Yisra'el killed with the sword.
And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel, and were in the going down to Bethhoron, that the Lord cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died: they were more which died with hailstones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the sword.
And as they were fleeing from Israel, they were on the slope of Beth-horon, and Yahweh threw huge stones from the heavens on them as far as Azekah; and more died by the hail stones than those whom the Israelites killed by the sword.
And as they fled before Israel, while they were going down the ascent of Beth-horon, the Lord threw down large stones from heaven on them as far as Azekah, and they died. There were more who died because of the hailstones than the sons of Israel killed with the sword.
As they chased the enemy down the Beth Horon Pass to Azekah, the Lord threw large hailstones on them from the sky and killed them. More people were killed by the hailstones than by the Israelites' swords.
As they fled from Israel on the slope leading down from Beth Horon, the Lord threw down on them large hailstones from the sky, all the way to Azekah. They died—in fact, more died from the hailstones than the Israelites killed with the sword.
As they fled before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, the LORD threw down large stones [of hail] from heaven on them as far as Azekah, and they died. More [Amorites] died because of the hailstones than those whom the sons of Israel killed with the sword.
And as they fled from Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, the LORD hurled large stones from heaven on them as far as Azekah, and they died; there were more who died from the hailstones than those whom the sons of Israel killed with the sword.
And as they fled from before Israel, and were in the going downe to Beth-horon, the Lord cast downe great stones from heauen vpon them, vntill Azekah, and they dyed: they were more that dyed with the hailestones, then they whom the children of Israel slewe with the sword.
Now it happened as they fled from before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, that Yahweh threw down large stones from heaven on them as far as Azekah, and they died; there were more who died from the hailstones than those whom the sons of Israel killed with the sword.
And while these troops were going down through Beth-Horon Pass, the Lord made huge hailstones fall on them all the way to Azekah. More of the enemy soldiers died from the hail than from the Israelite weapons.
As they fled before Isra'el down the road to Beit-Horon, Adonai threw huge hailstones down on them all the way to ‘Azekah, and they died; more died because of the hail than because Isra'el had killed them with the sword.
And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel,—they were at the descent of Beth-horon,—that Jehovah cast down great stones from heaven upon them up to Azekah, and they died. They were more who died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Israel had slain with the sword.
Then they chased the enemy down the road from Beth Horon to Azekah. While they were chasing the enemy, the Lord caused large hailstones to fall from the sky. Many of the enemy were killed by these large hailstones. More men were killed by the hailstones than by the swords of the soldiers of Israel.
And as they fled from before Israel, and were going down in the descent of Beth-hauran, the LORD cast down great hailstones from heaven upon them as far as Akkar, and they died; and there were more that died from the hailstones than the children of Israel slew with the sword.
While the Amorites were running down the pass from the Israelite army, the Lord made large hailstones fall down on them all the way to Azekah. More were killed by the hailstones than by the Israelites.
And it happened, as they fled from the face of Israel, they were in the descent of Bethhoron, even Jehovah cast great hail stones on them out of the heavens, to Azekah; and they died. The many who died by the hail stones were more than the sons ofIsrael had killed by the sword.
And whan they fled before Israel, the waye downe to Bethoron, the LORDE caused a greate hayle from heauen to fall vpon them, vnto Aseka, so that they dyed: & many mo of them dyed of the hayle, then the children of Israel slewe with the swerde.
And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, that Jehovah cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died: they were more who died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the sword.
And as they fled from before Israel, and were in the going downe to Bethoron, the Lorde cast downe great stones from heauen vpon them vntyll Azeka, and they dyed: there were mo dead with hayle stones, then they were whom the children of Israel slue with the sworde.
And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, that the LORD cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died; they were more who died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the sword.
And it came to passe as they fled from before Israel, and were in the going downe to Bethoron, that the Lord cast downe great stones from heauen vpon them, vnto Azekah, and they died: they were moe which died with hailestones, then they whome the children of Israel slew with the sword.
And when they fled from the face of the children of Israel at the descent of Oronin, then the Lord cast upon them hailstones from heaven to Azeca; and they were more that died by the hailstones, than those whom the children of Israel slew with the sword in the battle.
And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel, while they were in the going down of Beth-horon, that the LORD cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died: they were more which died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the sword.
As they fled before Israel along the descent from Beth-horon to Azekah, the LORD cast down on them large hailstones from the sky, and more of them were killed by the hailstones than by the swords of the Israelites.
And whanne thei fledden the sones of Israel, and weren in the goyng doun of Betheron, the Lord sente grete stoonus on hem fro heuene, til to Azecha; and many mo weren deed bi the `stoonys of hail, than thei whiche the sones of Israel `smytiden bi swerd.
And it cometh to pass, in their fleeing from the face of Israel -- they [are] in the descent of Beth-Horon -- and Jehovah hath cast upon them great stones out of the heavens, unto Azekah, and they die; more are they who have died by the hailstones than they whom the sons of Israel have slain by the sword.
And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, that Yahweh cast down great stones from heaven on them to Azekah, and they died: they who died with the hailstones were more than they whom the sons of Israel slew with the sword.
And it came to pass as they fled from before Israel, [and] were in the descent to Beth-horon, that the LORD cast down great stones from heaven upon them to Azekah, and they died: [they were] more who died with hailstones than [they] whom the children of Israel slew with the sword.
It happened, as they fled from before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, that Yahweh cast down great stones from the sky on them to Azekah, and they died: they were more who died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Israel killed with the sword.
And it happened, as they fled before Israel and were on the descent of Beth Horon, that the LORD cast down large hailstones from heaven on them as far as Azekah, and they died. There were more who died from the hailstones than the children of Israel killed with the sword.
As the Amorites retreated down the road from Beth-horon, the Lord destroyed them with a terrible hailstorm from heaven that continued until they reached Azekah. The hail killed more of the enemy than the Israelites killed with the sword.
They ran from Israel. And while they ran from Beth-horon, the Lord made large hail-stones fall from heaven on them as far as Azekah, and they died. More died from the hail-stones than the sons of Israel killed with the sword.
As they fled before Israel, while they were going down the slope of Beth-horon, the Lord threw down huge stones from heaven on them as far as Azekah, and they died; there were more who died because of the hailstones than the Israelites killed with the sword.
And it came to pass, when they fled from before Israel, they, being on the slope of Beth-horon, that, Yahweh, cast down upon them great stones out of the heavens, as far as Azekah, and they died, - more, were they who died by the hailstones, than they whom the sons of Israel slew with the sword.
And when they were fleeing from the children of Israel, and were in the descent of Bethoron, the Lord cast down upon them great stones from heaven, as far as Azeca: and many more were killed with the hailstones, than were slain by the swords of the children of Israel,
And as they fled before Israel, while they were going down the ascent of Beth-hor'on, the LORD threw down great stones from heaven upon them as far as Aze'kah, and they died; there were more who died because of the hailstones than the men of Israel killed with the sword.
As they fled from before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, the LORD threw large stones from heaven on them as far as Azekah, and they died; there were more who died from the hailstones than those whom the sons of Israel killed with the sword.
Contextual Overview
Bible Verse Review
from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge
the Lord: Genesis 19:24, Exodus 9:22-26, Judges 5:20, Psalms 11:6, Psalms 18:12-14, Psalms 77:17, Psalms 77:18, Isaiah 28:2, Isaiah 30:30, Ezekiel 13:11, Revelation 11:19, Revelation 16:21
Reciprocal: Exodus 9:23 - and hail Deuteronomy 28:7 - flee before Joshua 10:10 - Azekah Joshua 10:13 - So the sun Joshua 18:13 - Bethhoron 1 Samuel 13:18 - Bethhoron 1 Samuel 17:1 - Azekah 2 Samuel 18:8 - General 1 Chronicles 6:68 - Bethhoron 2 Chronicles 11:9 - Lachish Nehemiah 9:22 - thou Job 27:22 - For God Job 36:31 - by Job 38:23 - General Psalms 44:2 - how thou didst afflict Psalms 147:17 - casteth Psalms 148:8 - Fire Isaiah 24:18 - he who fleeth Isaiah 28:17 - and the hail Jeremiah 34:7 - Lachish Ezekiel 38:22 - an overflowing Habakkuk 3:11 - at the light of thine arrows they went Habakkuk 3:13 - thou woundedst Zechariah 9:14 - seen Revelation 8:7 - hail
Cross-References
Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth: these are the sons which they had after the great flow of waters
And at the first, his kingdom was Babel and Erech and Accad and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.
But still the Kenites will be wasted, till Asshur takes you away prisoner.
But ships will come from the direction of Kittim, troubling Asshur and troubling Eber, and like the others their fate will be destruction.
So Sennacherib, king of Assyria, went back to his place at Nineveh.
Then they came to Zerubbabel and to the heads of families, and said to them, Let us take part in the building with you; for we are servants of your God, even as you are; and we have been making offerings to him from the days of Esar-haddon, king of Assyria, who put us here.
Assur is joined with them; they have become the support of the children of Lot. (Selah.)
Sennacherib, king of Assyria, went back to his place at Nineveh.
Haran and Canneh and Eden, the traders of Asshur and all the Medes:
There is Asshur and all her army, round about her last resting-place: all of them put to death by the sword:
Gill's Notes on the Bible
And it came to pass, as they fled before Israel, [and] were in the going down to Bethhoron,.... The descent of it on that side towards Azekah, and which was also a very narrow passage, of which Josephus s makes mention. The Jews say t, that the going down of Bethhoron was the place where the army of Sennacherib fell:
that the Lord cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died; the Septuagint version calls them hailstones; and so they are called in the next clause; and that such sometimes have fallen as to kill men and cattle, is certain from the plague of hail in Egypt, Exodus 9:19; and some in very late times u have been known to fall, which were from eight, nine, and twelve inches about, some bigger than the eggs of turkeys, and some half a pound weight,
Exodus 9:19- :; but these seem to be proper stones, such as did not melt away as hailstones do; though so called, because they fell from heaven, as they do, but remained, and still remain, according to the notion the Jews have of them; for they say w whoever sees these great stones, in the going down to Bethhoron, is bound to bless; and frequent mention is made by historians of showers of stones being rained. Livy x speaks of such a shower when King Tullus conquered the Sabines; and of another y, when Scipio succeeded at Carthage; and Pomponius Mela z relates, that when Hercules fought with the sons of Neptune, and darts failed him, he obtained of Jupiter to rains shower of stones, which lay spread in great abundance; and some a think it refers to this fact in Joshua's time, who is supposed to be the same with the Tyrian Hercules b, from hence also called Saxanus c; and in memory of this there are stony camps in various places, called by his name d:
[they were] more which died with hailstones than [they] whom the children of Israel slew with the sword; but what was the number of each of them is not said; it was doubtless very great, since there was an utter destruction and consumption of them, Joshua 10:20.
s De Bello Jud. l. 2. c. 19. sect. 7, 8. t Gloss. in T. Bab. Beracot, fol. 54. 2. u Vid. Louthorp. Abridg. Philosoph. vol. 2. p. 144, 146. w T. Bab. Betacot, fol. 54. 1. x L. 1. p. 17. y L. 30. c. 30. z De Orbis Situ, l. 2. c. 5. a Vossius de Origin. Idol. c. 1. sect. 16. b See Gale's Court of the Gentiles, l. 2. c. 5. c Dickins. Delph. Phoenic. c. 4. p. 42. d Sanford de Descens. Christi, l. 1. sect. 20. p. 35.
Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Compare Ecclesiasticus 46:6. Frightful storms occasionally sweep over the hills of Judaea; but this was evidently a miraculous occurrence, like the hail which smote Egypt Exodus 9:24 and the tempest which fell on the Philistines at Ebenezer 1 Samuel 7:10.
Clarke's Notes on the Bible
Verse Joshua 10:11. The Lord cast down great stones from heaven upon them — Some have contended that stones, in the common acceptation of the word, are intended here; and that the term hail-stones is only used to point out the celerity of their fall, and their quantity. That stones have fallen from the clouds, if not from a greater height, is a most incontestable fact. That these have fallen in different parts of the world is also true; the East Indies, America, France, Germany, England, Ireland, c., have all witnessed this phenomenon: of such stones I possess and have seen several fragments some considerable pieces may be seen in the British Museum. That God might have cast down such stones as these on the Canaanites, there can be no doubt, because his power is unlimited; and the whole account proves that here there was a miraculous interference. But it is more likely that hail-stones, in the proper sense of the word, are meant as well as expressed in the text. That God on other occasions has made use of hail-stones to destroy both men and cattle, we have ample proof in the plague of hail that fell on the Egyptians. Exodus 9:18. There is now before me a square of glass, taken out of a south window in the house of Mr. Ball of Crockerton, in the parish of Longbridge Deverell, county of Wilts., through which a hail-stone passed in a shower that fell there June 1, 1780, at two o'clock, P.M. The hole is an obtuse ellipsis or oval, and is cut as true as if it had been done with a diamond: it is three inches and a half in diameter; a proof that the stone that pierced it, which was about eleven inches in circumference, came with inconceivable velocity, else the glass must have been shivered to pieces. I have known a cannon ball go through a square of glass in the cabin window of a ship, and make precisely the same kind of hole, without either shattering or even starring the glass. It is needless to add that this hail-shower did great damage, breaking even trees in pieces, and destroying the vegetation through the whole of its extent. But allowing that extraordinary showers of hail have fallen in England or France, is it likely that such showers ever fell in the promised land or its vicinity? They certainly have. Albertus Aquensis, one of the writers in the collection Gesta Dei per Francos, in describing the expedition of Baldwin I. in the Holy Land, observes that, when he and his army were in the Arabian mountains, in the vicinity of the Dead Sea, they suffered incredibly from horrible hail, terrible frost, and indescribable rain and snow, so that thirty of his men perished by them. His words are: "Sexta vero die montanis permensis, in extremo illorum cacumine maxima pertulerunt pericula, in GRANDINE horribili, in GLACIE terribili, in PLUVIA et NIVE inaudita, quorum immanitate, et horrore ingruente ad triginta homines pedites prae frigore mortui sunt." - Hist. Hieros., p. 307. I conclude, therefore, that a shower of hail-stones may be meant; and that this shower, though natural in itself, was supernaturally employed on this occasion, and miraculously directed to fall where it did, and do the execution described.
But I am ready to grant, notwithstanding, that as a most stupendous miracle was in this instance wrought, in causing the sun and moon to stand still; there can be no doubt that the shower of stones, which was also miraculous, might have been of real stones as well as hail-stones. Of late, this subject of the fall of real stones from the clouds has been very closely investigated, and not only the possibility of the fall of such stones from the clouds, or from much higher regions, but the certainty of the case has been fully demonstrated. These substances are now, in philosophical language denominated aeroliths or air-stones; and the following table constructed by M. Izarn, a foreign chemist, exhibits a variety of facts of this kind, and shows the places and times in which these substances fell, and the testimony by which these facts are supported. As it is as possible that God might have projected a shower of stones on these idolaters, even from the moon, as to arrest that planet in her course, I give the table, and leave the reader to decide, in the present case, for aeroliths or hail-stones, as may seem to him most congruous to the fact here related.
Historical Record of Large Hail Stones
| | SUBSTANCES | PLACES WHERE THEY FELL |
| 1 | Shower of stones | At Rome. |
| 2 | Shower of stones | At Rome. |
| 3 | A very large stone | Near the river Negos, Thrace. |
| 4 | Three large stones | In Thrace. |
| 5 | Stone of 72 lbs | Near Larissa, Macedonia. |
| 6 | About 1,200 stones; one 120 lbs | Near Padua in Italy. |
| 7 | Another of 60 lbs | |
| 8 | Another of 59 lbs | On Mount Vasier, Provence. |
| 9 | Two large stones weighing 20 lbs | Liponas, in Bresse. |
| 10 | A stony mass | Niort, Normandy. |
| 11 | A stone of 7 ½ lbs | At Lure, in Le Maine. |
| 12 | A stone | At Aire, in Artois. |
| 13 | A stone | In Le Cotentin. |
| 14 | Extensive shower of stones | Environs of Agen. |
| 15 | About 12 stones | Sienna Tuscany. |
| 16 | A large stone of 56 lbs | Wold Cottage, Yorkshire. |
| 17 | A stone of 10 lbs | In Portugal. |
| 18 | A stone of about 120 lbs | Sale department of the Rhone |
| 19 | Shower of stones | Benares, East Indies. |
| 20 | Shower of stones | At Plann, near Tabor, Bohemia |
| 21 | Mass of iron, 70 cubic feet | America. |
| 22 | Mass of ditto, 14 quintals | Abakauk, Siberia. |
| 23 | Shower of stones | Barboutan, near Roquefort |
| 24 | Large stone, 260 lbs | Ensisheim, Upper Rhine. |
| 25 | Two stones, 200 and 300 lbs | Near Verona. |
| 26 | A stone of 20 lbs | Sales, near Ville Franche. |
| 27 | Several ditto from 10 to 17 lbs | Near L'Aigle, Normandy. |
| | PERIOD OF THEIR FALL | TESTIMONY |
| 1 | Under Tullus Hostilius | Livy. |
| 2 | Consuls, C. Martius and M. Torquatus | J. Obsequens. |
| 3 | Second year of the 78th Olympiad | Pliny. |
| 4 | Year before J.C., 452 | Ch. of Count Marcellin. |
| 5 | January, 1706 | Paul Lucas. |
| 6,7 | In 1510 | Carden, Varcit. |
| 8 | November 27, 1627 | Gassendi. |
| 9 | September, 1753 | De La Lande. |
| 10 | In 1750 | De La Lande. |
| 11 | September 13, 1768 | Bachelay. |
| 12 | In 1768 | Gurson de Boyaval. |
| 13 | In 1768 | Morand. |
| 14 | July 24, 1790 | St. Amand, Baudin, c. |
| 15 | July, 1794 | Earl of Bristol. |
| 16 | December 13, 1795 | Captain Topham. |
| 17 | February 19, 1796 | Southey. |
| 18 | March 17, 1798 | Le Lievre and De Dree. |
| 19 | December 19, 1798 | J. Lloyd Williams, Esq. |
| 20 | July 3, 1753 | B. de Born. |
| 21 | April 5, 1800 | Philosophical Magazine. |
| 22 | Very old | Pallas, Chladni, c. |
| 23 | July, 1789 | Darcet, jun., Lomet, &c |
| 24 | November 7, 1492 | Butenschoen. |
| 25 | In 1762 | Acad. de Bourd. |
| 26 | March 12, 1798 | De Dree. |
| 27 | April 26, 1803 | Fourcroy. |
These stones generally appear luminous in their descent, moving in oblique directions with very great velocities, and commonly with a hissing noise. They are frequently heard to explode or burst, and seem to fly in pieces, the larger parts falling first. They often strike the earth with such force as to sink several inches below the surface. They are always different from the surrounding bodies, but in every case are similar to one another, being semi-metallic, coated with a thin black incrustation. They bear strong marks of recent fusion. Chemists have found on examining these stones that they very nearly agree in their nature and composition, and in the proportions of their component parts. The stone which fell at Ensisheim in Alsace, in 1492, and those which fell at L'Aigle in France, in 1803, yielded, by the Analysis of Fourcroy and Vanquelin, as in this table: -
| Ensisheim stone fell A.D. 1492 | L'Aigle stone fell A.D. 1803 | |
| 56 0 | 54 | of silica |
| 30 0 | 36 | -oxyd of iron |
| 12 0 | 9 | -magnesia |
| 2 4 | 3 | -oxyd of nickel |
| 3 5 | 2 | -sulphur |
| 1 4 | 1 | -lime |
| 105 3 | 105 | |
Their specific gravities are generally about three of four times that of water, being heavier than common stones. From the above account it is reasonable to conclude that they have all the same origin. To account for this phenomenon, various hypotheses have appeared we shall mention three:
1. That they are little planets, which, circulating in space, fall into the atmosphere, which, by its friction, diminishes the velocity, so that they fall by their weight.
2. That they are concretions formed in the atmosphere.
3. That they are projected from lunar volcanoes. These are the most probable conjectures we can meet with, and of these the two former possess a very small degree of probability, but there are very strong reasons in favour of the last. Among the reasons we may notice the following:
1. Volcanoes in the moon have been observed by means of the telescope.
2. The lunar volcanoes are very high, and the surface of that globe suffers frequent changes, as appears by the late observations of Schroeter.
3. If a body be projected from the moon to a distance greater than that of the point of equilibrium between the attraction of the earth and moon, it will, on the known principle of gravitation, fall to the earth.
4. That a body may be projected from the lunar volcanoes beyond the moon's influence, is not only possible but very probable for on calculation it is found that four times the force usually given to a twelve pounder, will be quite sufficient for this purpose; it is to be observed that the point of equilibrium is much nearer the moon, and that a projectile from the moon will not be so much retarded as one from the earth, both on account of the moon's rarer atmosphere, and its less attractive force. On this subject, see Mr. Haward's valuable paper in the Philosophical Transactions for 1802, and Dr. Hutton's dissertation in the new abridgment, part xxi. It is highly probable that the ancile, or sacred shield, that fell from heaven in the reign of Numa Pompilius, was a stone of this sort. The description of its fall, as given by Ovid, Fast. lib. iii., bears a striking resemblance to recent accounts of stones falling from the atmosphere, particularly in the luminous appearance and hissing noise with which it was accompanied.
Dum loquitur, totum jam sol emerserat orbem,
Et gravis aethereo venit ab axe fragor.
Ter tonuit sine nube Deus, tria fulgura misit:
Credite dicenti; mira, sed acta, loquor.
A media coelum regione dehiscere coepit:
Summisere oculos cum duce turba suos.
Ecce levi scutum versatum leniter aura
Decidit, a pupulo clamor ad astra venit.
Tolit humo munus ________________________
Idque ancile vocat, quod ab omni parte recisum est.
It is very possible that the Palladium of Troy, and the Image of the Ephesian Diana, were stones which really fell from the atmosphere, bearing some rude resemblance to the human form. See the IMPERIAL ENCYCLOPAEDIA, article Aerolith.
I believe it is generally agreed among philosophers,
1. That all these aerial stones, chemically analyzed, show the same properties;
2. That no stone found on our earth possesses exactly the same properties, nor in the same proportions. This is an extraordinary circumstance, and deserves particular notice.
