Bible Lexicons

τετράγων-ος [ ᾰ], ον,

with four angles, but usu. square, Hdt. 1.178, 181, 2.124, Hp. Fract. 13; δοκοὶ τ. squared, Th. 4.112; ξύλα τ. IG 12.313.101, 42(1).108.162, al. (Epid., iv/iii B.C.); τ. ἐργασία, of the Hermes-statues, Th. 6.27; πρόσωπον -ότερον Arist. Phgn. 809b16; κύκλος τετράγωνος ταῖς ἐπιφανείαις a ring with four surfaces, the breadth of the outer and inner equal to the depth of the two sides, Ptol. Alm. 5.1 (with the commentary of Procl. Hyp. 6.3).

2. τὸ τ. a square, Pl. R. 510d, and freq. in Geom., but sts. of any quadrilateral, Arist. Metaph. 1054b2, cf. Hero *Deff. 100, Procl. in Euc. p.166 F. in Tactics, a body of men drawn up in square, X. Lac. 12.1; τ. τάξις Th. 4.125.

3. τ. ἀριθμός a square number, i.e. a number made up of two equal factors, Pl. Tht. 147e, Phld. Sign. 1, 15.

4. in quartile aspect, Gem. 2.16, Max. 446, Procl. Hyp. 1.16.

II metaph., square, i.e. perfect as a square, χερσί τε καὶ ποσὶ καὶ νόῳ τετράγωνος τετυγμένος Simon. 5.2; τὸν ἀγαθὸν ἄνδρα φάναι τετράγωνον Arist. Rh. 1411b27, cf. EN 1100b21.

III ἱμάτιον τ., of the χλαῖνα which hung square, while the χλαμύς took a circular form, Id. Fr. 500; contrasted with the ἡμικύκλιον formed by the Roman toga, Posidon. 36 J., App. BC 5.11.

2. οἱ ἔμποροι καὶ οἱ τὴν τ. ἐργαζόμενοι perh. those who trade in the ἀγορὰ τετράγωνος, Durrbach Choix d'Inscrr. de Délos 138. Adv. -νως Philostr. VA 7.42.