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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3042 - λιμός
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- scarcity of harvest, famine
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λῑμός, οῦ, ὁ
(Dor. ἡ, acc. to Phryn. 164, used by the Megarian in Ar. Ach. 743, cf. Herod. 2.17, Bion Fr. 14.4; Λ. ἔχων γυναικὸς μορφήν Callisth. ap. Ath. 10.452b; also h.Cer. 311, Call. Fr.anon. 43, Plb. 1.84.9, AP 9.89 (Phil.), Luke 15:14, Acts 11:28): —
I hunger, famine, δίψα τε καὶ λ. Il. 19.166; λιμῷ θανέειν Od. 12.342; λιμὸν ὁμοῦ καὶ λοιμόν Hes. Op. 243, cf. Th. 2.54; λ. αἰανής Pi. I. 1.49; λιμῷ συνεστεῶτας Hdt. 7.170; σκότῳ λ. ξύνοικος A. Ag. 1642; δείπνου προφήτην λιμόν Antiph. 217.23; ἅπανθ' ὁ λ. γλυκέα πλὴν αὑτοῦ ποιεῖ Id. 293; ὁ δὲ λ. ἐστιν ἀθανασίας φάρμακον Id. 86.6: prov., ἀπολεῖτε λιμῷ Μηλίῳ, referring to the siege of Melos, Ar. Av. 186: metaph., ἤδη γὰρ εἶδον.. λιμόν τ' ἐν ἀνδρὸς πλουσίου φρονήματι, γνώμην δὲ μεγάλην ἐν πένητι σώματι E. El. 371.
II a hungry wretch, Men. Kol. 78, Posidipp. 26.12, Eust. 1828.6.
λιμός, λιμοῦ, ὁ (and ἡ in Doric and later writings; so L T Tr WH in Luke 15:14; Acts 11:28; so, too, in Isaiah 8:21; 1 Kings 18:2; cf. Lob. ad Phryn., p. 188; (Liddell and Scott, under the word at the beginning; WHs Appendix, p. 157a); Buttmann, 12 (11); Winers Grammar, 63 (62) (cf. 36), and 526 (490)); the Sept. very often for רָעָב; hunger: Luke 15:17; Romans 8:35; ἐν λιμῷ καί δίψει, 2 Corinthians 11:21; Xenophon, mem. 1, 4, 13; equivalent to scarcity of harvest, famine: Luke 4:25; Luke 15:14; Acts 7:11; Acts 11:28 (cf. Buttmann, 81 (71)); Revelation 6:8; Revelation 18:8; λιμοί, famines in divers lands, Mark 13:8; λιμοί καί λοιμοί, Matthew 24:7 (L T Tr text WH omit καί λοιμοί); Luke 21:11; Theophilus ad Autol. 2, 9; the two are joined in the singular in Hesiod, Works, 226; Herodotus 7, 171; Philo, vit. Moys. i. § 19; Plutarch, de Isa. et Osir. 47.
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λιμός , -οῦ , ὁ
(so in Att..; in Dor. ἡ , and so sometimes in LXX, v. Th., Gr., 146; in NT: Luke 15:14, Acts 11:28; cf. M, Pr., 60),
[in LXX chiefly for H7458;]
hunger, famine: Luke 4:25; Luke 15:14; Luke 15:17, Acts 7:11 (LXX) Acts 11:28, Romans 8:35, Revelation 6:8; Revelation 18:8; λ . καὶ δίψος , 2 Corinthians 11:27; pl., Matthew 24:7, Mark 13:8, Luke 21:11.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The wavering of gender which is found in the NT (ὁ Luke 4:25 : ἡ Luke 15:14, Acts 11:28) meets us again in the papyri—P Par 22.21 (B.C. 165) τῷ λιμῷ διαλυθῆναι, but in a document of the same collection ib. 26i. 9 (B.C. 163–2) ὑπὸ τῆς λιμοῦ διαλυόμεναι. Cf. also ib. 28.18 (B.C. 160) where, instead of the simple dat., we have διαλυόμεναι ἐν τῷ λιμῷ. Other exx. are P Petr III. 36 (a) verso .29 (Ptol.) ἀξιῶ σε δεόμενος μή με ἀπολέσηι τῶι λιμῶι ἐν τῆι φυλακῆι, ";I entreat you with prayers not to let me perish of hunger in prison"; (Edd.), and P Oxy VI. 902.9 (c. A.D. 465) ἐκ τούτου συνέβη τὸ ὑπόλοιπον τῶν ἐμῶν ζῴων τῇ λιμῷ τεθνάναι, ";in consequence of which the remainder of my kine have died of hunger"; (Edd.) : see also Crönert, p. 177. The use of the fem. is generally traced to ";Doric"; influence : cf. Lob. Phryn. p. 188 τὴν λιμὸν Δωριεῖς, σὺ δὲ ἀρσενικῶς τὸν λιμὸν φάθι, Rutherford NP, p. 274, Thumb Hellen. p. 67. The older Attic masc. is usual in the LXX, cf. Thackeray Gr. i. p. 146.
For the conjunction λοιμοὶ καὶ λιμοί in Luke 21:11 Boll Offenbarung, P. 131, compares Catal. viii. 3, 186, 1 λιμὸς καὶ λοιμὸς καὶ σφαγαὶ κατὰ τόπους : see also Test. xii. patr. Jud. xxiii. 3, Orac. Sib. viii. 175. The two words are cognate, being connected with the Homeric λοιγός and the Lat. letum.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
