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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2594 - καρτερέω
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- to be steadfast
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καρτερ-έω,
I to be steadfast, patient, S. Ph. 1274, Men. Sam. 112, etc.; ῥᾷον παραινεῖν ἢ παθόντα καρτερεῖν E. Alc. 1078, cf. Th. 7.64; κ. μάχῃ E. Heracl. 837; κ. ἐλπίδι τινός Th. 2.44: freq. with a Pr, κ. πρός τι to hold up against a thing, e.g. πρὸς ἡδονάς τε καὶ λύπας Pl. R. 556c; πρὸς λιμὸν καὶ ῥῖγος X. Cyr. 2.3.13; ἐπὶ τοῖς παροῦσι Isoc. 6.48, cf. Pl. La. 194a; κ. ἐν ταῖς ἡδοναῖς to be patient or temperate in.., Id. Lg. 635c; ἐν πολέμῳ Id. La. 193a; κ. ἀπὸ τοῦ ὕπνου refrain therefrom, Ael. NA 13.13: c. part., persevere in doing, οἱ δ' ἐκαρτέρουν πρὸς κῦμα λακτίζοντες E. IT 1395; κ. ἀναλίσκων ἀργύριον φρονίμως Pl. La. 192e; ἀκούων Aeschin. 3.241; κ. ἐν ἐπιτηδεύμασιν Isoc. 2.32; also τὰ δείν' ἐκαρτέρουν was strangely obdurate or obstinate, S. Aj. 650: in later Prose meaning little more than wait, καρτέρει καὶ θεώρει wait and see, LXX 2 Maccabees 7:17; οὐ κ. μέχρι θαλάμων ἐλθεῖν S.E. M. 1.291.
II c. acc. rei, bear patiently, endure, τὰ δ' ἀδύναθ' ἡμῖν καρτερεῖν οὐ ῥᾴδιον E. IA 1370; κ. θεοῦ δόσιν Id. Alc. 1071; τῷ σώματι τὰ συντυγχάνοντα X. Mem. 1.6.7; τὸν τῶν ὑπεροπτικῶν ὄγκον Isoc. 1.30; πολλὴν κακοπάθειαν Arist. Pol. 1278b27: — Pass., κεκαρτέρηται τἀμά my time for patience is over, E. Hipp. 1457.--In Hsch., οὐ καρτεριάδδει· οὐ φρόνιμος εἶ, should prob. be οὐ καρτερίδδει (Lacon. for καρτερίζει).
καρτερέω, καρτέρω: 1 aorist ἐκαρτέρησα; (καρτερός (from κάρτος i. e. κράτος, 'strong')); to be steadfast: Hebrews 11:27 (A. V. endured). (Job 2:9; Sir. 2:2 Sir. 12:15; often in Greek writings from Sophocles and Thucydides down.) (Compare: προσκαρτερέω.)
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The meaning ";persevere,"; ";endure,"; usually given to this verb in Hebrews 11:27, is supported by the new Alexandrian erotic fragment, P Grenf I. 1.19 (ii/B.C.) μέγαν ἔχει πόνον, ζηλοτυπεῖν γὰρ δεῖ, στέγειν, καρτερεῖν. See also Arist. Magn. Mor. ii. 6. 34 ὁ γὰρ καρτερῶν καὶ ὑπομένων τὰς λύπας, οὗτος καρτερικός ἐστιν (cited by Mayor on 2 Peter 1:6). A somewhat different usage occurs in P Amh II. 130.6 (A.D. 70), where a certain Gloutas excuses himself for not having sold some barley, on the ground that others had vainly offered to sell—τούτου χάριν καρτερω ̣, ";this is why I am holding on"; (Edd.). If we assume that τὴν κριθήν is understood here after καρτερῶ, we might find support for Luther’s rendering of Heb l.c. ";denn er hielt sich an den, den er nicht sähe, als sähe er ihn."; For an interesting suggestion that the verb in this verse may mean ";kept his eyes upon,"; on the analogy of certain passages in Plutarch, see ExpT xxvii. p. 186. The adv. καρτερῶς = ";strongly"; occurs in P Par 41.22 (B.C. 160) ἐπέπεσόν (?) τε καρτερῶς [ἐμοί. MGr (ἀ)καρτερῶ, ";expect,"; ";wait for.";
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