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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #127 - αἰδώς
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- a sense of shame or honour, modesty, bashfulness, reverence, regard for others, respect
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αἰδώς, όος, contr. οῦς, η (late nom. pl. αἰδοί Sch. E. Hipp. 386),
I
1. as a moral feeling, reverence, awe, respect for the feeling or opinion of others or for one's own conscience, and so shame, self-respect (in full ἑαυτοῦ αἰδώς Hierocl. in CA 9p.433M.), sense of honour, αἰδῶ θέσθ' ἐνὶ θυμῷ Il. 15.561; ἴσχε γὰρ αἰ. καὶ δέος ib. 657, cf. Sapph. 28, Democr. 179, etc.; αἰ. σωφροσύνης πλεῖστον μετέχει, αἰσχύνης δὲ εὐψυχία Th. 1.84, cf. E. Supp. 911, Arist. EN 1108a32, etc.; αἰδοῖ μειλιχίῃ Od. 8.172; so ἀλλά με κωλύει αἴδως Alc. 55 (Sapphus est versus); ἅμα κιθῶνι ἐκδυομένῳ συνεκδύεται καὶ τὴν αἰδῶ γυνή Hdt. 1.8; δακρύων πένθιμον αἰδῶ tears of grief and shame, A. Supp. 579; αἰ. τίς μ' ἔχει Pl. Sph. 217d; αἰ. καὶ δίκη Id. Prt. 322c; αἰδοῦς ἐμπίπλασθαι X. Cyr. 1.4.4; sobriety, moderation, Pi. O. 13.115; αἰδῶ λαβεῖν S. Aj. 345.
2. regard for others, respect, reverence, αἰδοῦς οὐδεμιῆς ἔτυχον Thgn. 1266, cf. E. Heracl. 460; αἰ. τοκέων respect for them, Pi. P. 4.218; τὴν ἐμὴν αἰδῶ respect for me, A. Pers. 699; regard for friends, αἰδοῦς ἀχαλκεύτοισιν ἔζευκται πέδαις E. Fr. 595; esp. regard for the helpless, compassion, αἰδοῦς κῦρσαι S. OC 247; forgiveness, Antipho 1.26, Pl. Lg. 867e (cf. αἰδέομαι 11.2).
II
1. that which causes shame or respect, and So 1 shame, scandal, αἰδώς, Ἀργεῖοι, κάκ' ἐλέγχεα Il. 5.787, etc.; αἰδώς, ὦ Λύκιοι· πόσε φεύγετε; 16.422; αἰδὼς μὲν νῦν ἥδε.. 17.336.
2. = τὰ αἰδοῖα, Il. 2.262, Arat. 493, D.H. 7.72.
3. dignity, majesty αἰ. καὶ χάρις h.Cer. 214.
III Αἰδώς personified, Reverence, Pi. O. 7.44; Mercy, Ζηνὶ σύνθακος θρόνων Αἰ. S. OC 1268, cf. Paus. 1.17.1; παρθένος Αἰδοῦς Δίκη λέγεται Pl. Lg. 943e.
αἰδώς ((όος) (οῦς, ἡ; from Homer down; a sense of shame, modesty: 1 Timothy 2:9; reverence, Hebrews 12:28 (λατρεύειν, Θεῷ μετά αἰδοῦς καί εὐλαβείας, but L T Tr WH εὐλαβείας καί δέους). (Synonyms: αἰδώς, αἰσχύνη: Ammonius distinguishes the words as follows: αἰδώς καί αἰσχύνη διαφέρει, ὅτι ἡ μέν αἰδώς ἐστιν ἐντροπή πρός ἕκαστον, ὡς σεβομένως τίς ἔχει. αἰσχύνη δ' ἐφ' οἷς ἕκαστος ἁμαρτών σιαχύνεται, ὡς μή δέον τί πράξας. καί ἀιδεῖται μέν τίς τόν πατέρα. αἰσχύνεται δέ ὅς μεθύσκεται, etc., etc.; accordingly, αἰδώς is prominently objective in its reference, having regard to others; while αἰσχύνη is subjective, making reference to oneself and one's actions. Cf. Schmidt, chapter 140. It is often said that αἰδώς precedes and prevents the shameful act, αἰσχύνη reflects upon its consequences in the shame it brings with it' (Cope, Aristotle, rhet. 5, 6, 1). αἰδώς is the nobler word, αἰσχύνη the stronger; while "αἰδώς would always restrain a good man from an unworthy act, αἰσχύνη would sometimes restrain a bad one." Trench, §§ 19, 20.)
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** αἰδώς , (-όος ), -οῦς , ἡ ,
[in LXX: 3 Maccabees 1:19; 3 Maccabees 4:5*;]
a sense of shame, modesty: 1 Timothy 2:9 (for exx., v. MM, VGT, s.v.).†
SYN.: αἰσχύνη G152 (v. Thayer, 14; Tr., Syn., § xix; Cremer, 611 f.; CGT on 1Ti, l.c.).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
We can supply no papyrus references for this expressive word (1 Timothy 2:9, Hebrews 12:28 MPω), but it is found in 3 Maccabees and in Epictetus; also OGIS 507.8 (ii/A.D.) (with ἐπιείκεια). The verb occurs P Fay 12.9 (c. B.C. 103) οὐκ αἰδεσθεὶς δὲ το [ῦτο ], ";so far from being abashed"; (Edd.), and often elsewhere : it is curious that Nägeli (p. 57) should make it absent from the papyri as from NT—a glance at the indices would suffice. The adj. αἰδέσιμος and its abstract -ότης came into common use in late times.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
