the Week of Proper 26 / Ordinary 31
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4666 - σμύρνα
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- myrrh, a bitter gum and costly perfume which exudes from a certain tree or shrub in Arabia and Ethiopia, or is obtained by incisions made in the bark: as an antiseptic it was used for embalming
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σμύρνα,
freq. written ζμύρνα as in PSI 4.328.2 (iii B.C.), PTeb. 35.4 (ii B.C.), PMag.Par. 1.781, etc., ἡ,= μύρρα, myrrh, the gum of an Arabian tree, Balsamodendron Myrrha (itself called σμύρνα Apollod. 3.14.4, Ant.Lib. 34.5 ), used for embalming the dead, Hdt. 2.40, 86, cf. 73, Ev.John 19:39; called σμύρνης ἱδρώς by E. Ion 1175; burnt as incense, βωμὸς ἀτμίζων πυρὶ σμύρνης σταλαγμούς S. Fr. 370; ὑποθυμιῆν ς . Hp. Nat.Mul. 6; used as an unguent or salve, σμύρνῃ κατάλειπτος Ar. Eq. 1332; σμύρνῃ ἰώμενοι τὰ ἕλκεα Hdt. 7.181; cf. Thphr. HP 9.1.2, 9.4.3 and 10, Dsc. 1.64, etc.
II Indian bdellium, Balsamodendron Mukul, Arr. An. 6.22.4 . (The orig. form must have been μύρρα, from Phoen. môrâh; cf. κιννάμωμον .)
σμύρνα, σμύρνης, ἡ, Hebrew מֹר, מור, myrrh, a bitter gum and costly perfume which exudes from a certain tree or shrub in Arabia and Ethiopia, or is obtained by incisions made in the bark: Matthew 2:11; as an antiseptic it was used in embalming, John 19:39. Cf. Herodotus 2, 40, 86; 3, 107; Theophrastus, hist. pl. 9, 3f; Diodorus 5, 41; Pliny, h. n. 12, 33f; (BB. DD.; Birdwood in the 'Bible Educator', vol. ii., p. 151; Löw, Aram. Pflanzennam. § 185).
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σμύρνα
(in some MSS, ζμ -; ν . Bl., § 3, 9), -ης , ἡ ,
[in LXX for H4753;]
myrrh, a resinous gum used as an unguent and for embalming: Matthew 2:11, John 19:39.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
With the use of the pass, in Mark 14:15 cf. P Lond 1164 (h).7 (A.D. 212) (= III. p. 164) πλοῖον. . . ἐστρωμένον καὶ σεσανιδ [ω ]μένον, ";a ship furnished and boarded over."; In P Oxy I. 138.22 and .31 (A.D. 610–11) a ";contractor of the racecourse"; undertakes στρῶσαι τοῖς τε περιβλέπτοις διοικηταῖς καὶ λαμπροτάτοις χαρτουλαρίοις, ";to find mounts for the noble superintendents and the most illustrious secretaries"; (Edd.). Preisigke (Wörterb. s.v.) refers to an inscr. from Roman Egypt published in Archiv ii. p. 570, No. 150, Φιλαντίνος ὁ καὶ Ἀμμώνοις ἔστρωσεν διὰ Διοσκύρου πατρὸς ἐκ τοῦ ἰδίου. The compd συνστρώννυμι is found in P Petr III. 43 (2) recto iv. 15 (B.C. 246) συνστρώσας σχοινίοις, ";having made a network of ropes,"; see the editor’s note on p. 127 where for συνστρώννυμι = ";pave,"; reference is made to Syll 537 (=.3969).61 (B.C. 347–6) συνστρώσει τὸ ἔδαφος λίθοις. Καταστρώννυμι, ";spread out,"; occurs in P Tor I. 1 viii. 18 (B.C. 116) : See s.v
The subst. στρῶμα is common, e.g. PSI VI. 593.8 (iii/B.C.) σκεύασόν μοι στρώματα τρία ἀνὰ μν (ᾶς) μ ̄, P Bilabel 71.5 (i/A.D.) ἀπέ [στειλα ἐπιστολὰς περὶ τῆς ] στρωμάτων κα [τασκευῆς, P Oxy X. 1277.7 (A.D. 255) ὁμολογῶ πεπρακέναι σοι τρίκλιν [ο ]ν στρω ̣μα ̣τ ̣ω ̣ν ̣ λινω ̣̑ν, ";I acknowledge that I have sold to you a three-sided couch with linen coverings"; (Edd.). In a will of B.C. 123, published by GH in Archiv i. p. 63 ff., the testator bequeaths all his property to his wife, ";except a mattress and a bed apiece"; (πλὴν στρώματος ἑνὸς καὶ κλείνης) to his two sons—perhaps, as the editors suggest, the Egyptian method of ";cutting off with a shilling.";
For the dim. στρωμάτιον, cf. PSI IV. 401.2 (iii/B.C.) τὸ στρωμάτιον ὑπὲρ οὗ σοι καὶ σήμερον διελεγόμην, and P Oxy XIV. 1645.3 (A.D. 308) στρωμάτια τριβακὰ δύο, ";two worn mattresses,"; and for στρῶσις cf. ib. 1631.27 (A.D. 280) τῆς στρώσεως τοῦ χοῦ, ";the spreading of earth,"; and PSI III. 225.5 (vi/A.D.) μίαν στρῶσιν ἀκκουβίτου, ";one spreading of the couch"; (cf. the verb in Acts 9:34).
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