the Week of Proper 28 / Ordinary 33
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #704 - ἀρήν
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- a sheep, a lamb
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ἀρήν
(nom. only in Inscrr., IG 1.4, 11.154 A 11 (Delos, iii B. C.), SIG 1027.9 (Cos), ϝαρήν GDI 4964.2 (Gortyn)); also ἄρης PGurob. 22.40,42 (iii B.C.), and ἄρνον ib.3, al.; acc. ἄρνα, gen. ἀρνός, dat. ἀρνί, dual. ἄρνε: pl. ἄρνες, ἄρνας, ἀρνῶν, dat. ἀρνάσι J. AJ 3.8.10, ἄρνεσσι: —
I lamb (under a year old, Max. 515, Istrosap. Eust. 1672.12); ἀ. πρωτογόνων Il. 4.102, etc.; γαλαθηνῶν Crates Com. 1
II sheep of either sex, ἄρν' ἕτερον λευκόν, ἑτέρην δὲ μέλαιναν Il. 3.103; ἄρνες κεραοί Od. 4.85.
III in pl., stunted ears of wheat, Thphr. HP 8.7.5. (Skt. úrâ 'sheep', úraṇas 'ram', 'lamb', urabhras 'ram', Arm. ga[rdot ]n 'lamb'; cf. -ϝρην in πολύρρην.)
ἀρήν, ὁ, nominative not in use; the other cases are by syncope ἀρνός (for ἀρενος), ἀρνί, ἄρνα, plural ἄρνες, ἀρνῶν, ἄρνασι, ἄρνας, a sheep, a lamb: Luke 10:3. (Genesis 30:32; Exodus 23:19, etc.; in Greek writings from Homer down.)
STRONGS NT 704: ἄρνας ἄρνας, see ἀρήν.
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Of the nominative of this word (ϝ αρήν, declined according to the primitive model still normal in Sanskrit, and traced in κύων κυνός, caro carnis, etc.), we have no occurrences except in early times (Attic, Coan and Cretan inscriptions) : see Searles, Lexicographical Study (Chicago, 1898), p. 21. The oblique cases, although there is only one occurrence in the NT (Luke 10:8 ἄρνας) are by no means obsolete in the Κοινή : thus α ̣̓ρ ̣νός P Tebt I. 117.85 (B.C. 99), and even P Lond 125 verso.2 (magical, v/A.D.) (= I. p. 123) αἵματι ἀ [ρ ]νὸς μέλανος; ἄρνες P Hib I. 32.11 (B.C. 246); ἄρν (ασι) P Amh II. 73.5 (A.D. 129–30); ἄρνας BGU I. 133.8 (ii/A.D.), PSI 40.3 (A.D. 129), P Oxy I. 74.2 etc. (A.D. 116); PSI 56.8 (A.D. 107) ἄρνες, and so P Hawara 322.6 (Antoninus) (in Archiv v. p. 394). Mayser’s instance from P Magd 21.4 must be dropped : see the new edition. Kaibel 1038.38 (Attalia, an oracle of Cybele) ὡ ]ς ἄρνα [ς ] κα [τ ]έχουσι λύκοι : cf. Luke 10:3. The replacing of this irregular noun by the only formally diminutive ἀρνίον is normal. The distinction in use between this word and ἀμνός seems beyond our power to trace : van Herwerden (s.v. ἀρήν) cites a grammarian who makes this a lamb less than a year old, ἀμνός one over a year.
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