the Week of Proper 25 / Ordinary 30
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4819 - συμβαίνω
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- to walk with the feet near together
- to come together, meet with one
- of things which fall out at the same time, to happen, turn out, come to pass
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συμβαίνω, fut. -βήσομαι Hdt. 2.3, etc.: pf. -βέβηκα, 3 pl. -βεβᾶσι E. Hel. 622, Ion. inf. -βεβάναι Hdt. 3.146: pf. inf. Pass. -βεβάσθαι Th. 8.98: aor. 2 συνέβην (v. infr.): aor. 1 subj. Pass. ξυμβᾰθῇ Id. 4.30: —
stand with the feet together, Hp. Off. 3; διαβαίνοντες μᾶλλον ἢ συμβεβηκότες X. Eq. 1.14; συμβεβηκὼς τὼ πόδε Poll. 3.91; συμβᾶσα τὼ πόδε, opp. περιβάδην, Ach.Tat. 1.1; Παλλάδιον τοῖς ποσὶ συμβεβηκός a statue with closed feet, as in early Greek art, Apollod. 3.12.3.
2. ς. κακοῖς to be joined to them, i.e. increase them, E. Hel. 37.
3. meet, σὺν δ' ἔβη ἐν Φιλότητι Emp. 21.8; τὸν συμβαίνοντά σοι Eup. 136 (dub.); ς. αὐτοὶ αὑτοῖς X. HG 1.2.17; ξυμβέβηκε δ' οὐδαμοῦ has never come in my way, has had naught to do with me, E. Hel. 1007.
4. attack jointly, ἐπὶ Ναξίους Parth. 9.1.
II most freq. metaph., come to an agreement, come to terms, E. Ph. 71, etc.; ἐπ' ἐλάττονι ς. agree on (i.e. to accept) less, POxy. 237 viii 11 (ii A.D.): c. dat., Th. 3.52, 4.128, etc.; πρὸς ἀλλήλους ib. 61, etc.: with neut. Adj., ἐὰν ξυμβῶ τί σοι Ar. Ra. 175; ἤν τι ξυμβαίνωσι Th. 2.5; ξ. τὰ πλείω, οὐδέν, Id. 4.117, 5.36; τἆλλα τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις Id. 8.98: c. inf., συνέβησαν ἐς τὠυτὸ.., τὸν δὲ βασιλεύειν Hdt. 1.13; ξ. ὑπήκοοι εἶναι Th. 1.117; ξ. ἤν τις ἁλίσκηται,.. δοῦλον εἶναι ib. 103; ξ. τοῖς Πλαταιεῦσι παραδοῦναι σφᾶς αὐτούς Id. 2.4; ξ. πρὸς Νικίαν.. ἐπιτρέψαι Id. 4.54; also συνέβησαν.. ὥστε τριηκοσίους μαχέσασθαι Hdt. 1.82; ς. εἰς τὸ μέσον agree to a compromise, Pl. Prt. 337e; λόγοις ς., of a verbal agreement, E. Med. 737, Andr. 233: generally, make friends with, ἐκ πολέμου ξ. Ar. V. 867; ἀπὸ τοῦ ἴσου Th. 4.19; ἐπὶ τοῖς εἰρημένοις E. Ph. 590 (troch.): in pf. συμβεβάναι and Pass., of the agreement, δοκέοντες πάντα συμβεβάναι that everything had been settled, or that they had settled everything, Hdt. 3.146; ἐπὶ τούτοις ξυμβεβάσθαι Th. 8.98; ἕως ἄν τι περὶ τοῦ πλέονος ξυμβαθῇ Id. 4.30.
2. agree with, be on good terms with, οὐ.. Ἀθηναίοισι συνέβαιν' Αἰσχύλος Ar. Ra. 807; ς. ἑκατέρᾳ τῶν στάσεων hold with one and other of them, D.H. 2.62.
3. of things, tally, correspond with, ὁ χρόνος ἐδόκεε τῇ ἡλικίῃ συμβαίνειν Hdt. 1.116; ἐθέλων εἰδέναι εἰ [οἱ ἐκείνων λόγοι] συμβήσονται τοῖσι λόγοισι τοῖσι ἐν Μέμφι Id. 2.3; ξυμβαίνει ταῦτα τοῖς πρὸ τοῦ Lys. 8.9; εἰς ταὐτὸ ς. τοῖς ἐμοῖς στίβοις A. Ch. 210: abs., ὅπως ἂν ἀρτίκολλα συμβαίνῃ τάδε ib. 580; χρησμοί τε συμβαίνουσι are in harmony therewith, Ar. Eq. 220, cf. S. Tr. 1164; αὐτὸ ς. εἰς ταύτην εἶναι πέμπτην five days later exactly tallies, D. 19.60; τοῦτο ς. οὐ πλέον ἢ εἰς δώδεκα comes to no more than 12, X. HG 6.4.12; αἱ πεντακόσιαι μάλιστά πως συνέβαινον δραχμαί Aristid. Or. 50(26).94; τὸ φαρμακεύεσθαι τῷ καθαίρεσθαι εἰς ταὐτὸν ς. comes to the same thing as.., Gal. 15.901; of ashlar-work, fit or range exactly, M.Ant. 5.8.
4. fall to one's lot, c. dat. pers., μοι ς. ἆται E. IT 148 (lyr.), etc.; ἡδοναί τινι Isoc. 15.222; τριηραρχία μοι D. 47.49; ἀτυχία Id. 57.65; εὐεργεσιῶν συμβαίνειν καιρόν Id. 20.121.
5. to be an attribute or characteristic of, ξυνεβεβήκει.. Ἀθηναίοις τοῦτο Th. 2.15; τὰ ὀφείλοντα ταῖς ἀρίσταις συμβεβηκέναι τιτθαῖς Sor. 1.87, cf. 91, 2.6.
III of events, come to pass, fall out, happen, συμβαίνει δ' οὐ τὰ μέν, τὰ δ' οὔ A. Pers. 802; τῶνδε ναμέρτεια ς. S. Tr. 173; ἐὰν μὴ θεία τις ς. τύχη Pl. R. 592a; αἱ ἀεὶ συμβαίνουσαι τύχαι Id. Criti. 120e; εἰ καιρὸς ς. X. Eq.Mag. 2.5; χρηστόν τι ς. παρὰ θεῶν D. 1.11; τοὐναντίον συμβαίνειν πέφυκε Gal. 15.460: c. dat., ib.67, 16.724: also euphem., ἄν τι ξυμβῇ if anything happen (i.e. any evil), D. 21.112, cf. Riv.Fil. 60.59 (ii B.C.): generally, occur, be found, exist, ἐν τῇ ἀρχαίᾳ ἡμετέρᾳ φωνῇ ς. τὸ ὄνομα Pl. Cra. 398b, cf. A.D. Pron. 29.15: but, mostly impers., sts. c. dat. et inf., αὐτῷ Ὀλυμπιάδα ἀνελέσθαι συνέβη Hdt. 6.103, cf. 3.50, Th. 1.1; συμβαίνει τῷ πλοίῳ ἀργεῖν PCair.Zen. 650.2 (iii B.C.), cf. PMich.Zen. 21.3, al. (iii B.C.): sts. c. acc. et inf., συνέβη Γέλωνα νικᾶν Hdt. 7.166, cf. Th. 8.25; συμβαίνει διὰ παντὸς ἡμᾶς περιφόβους εἶναι PCair.Zen. 160.6, cf. 132.5 (iii B.C.), PEnteux. 6.2, al. (iii B.C.), Gal. 15.476; ς. τῷ οἰκοδόμῳ μουσικῷ εἶναι Arist. Metaph. 1017a11; folld. by ὥστε, S. Tr. 1152, Th. 4.79, Arist. Pol. 1261a34: c. part., ς. ὄν, γιγνόμενον, λεγόμενον, Pl. Sph. 244d, Phlb. 42d, Cra. 412a. τὸ συμβεβηκός chance event, contingency, Id. Prm. 128c; τὰ συμβαίνοντα X. Cyr. 1.6.43; τὰ συμβάντα Id. An. 3.1.13; ἀπὸ τοῦ συμβαίνοντος ὁ τόπος εἴληφε τὴν προσηγορίαν Plb. 10.28.7: hence κατὰ συμβεβηκός by accident, contingently (v. infr. iv. 1); τοῦ συμβαίνοντός ἐστι it depends upon accident, easily happens, Isa 4.13.
2. joined with Adverbs or Adiectives, turn out in a certain way, ὀρθῶς σφι ἡ φήμη συνέβαινε ἐλθοῦσα Hdt. 9.101; κακῶς, καλῶς συμβῆναι, X. Mem. 1.2.63, Cyr. 5.4.14, E. IT 1055; τὰ μητρὸς.. ἔχθιστα συμβέβηκεν S. El. 262; ταῦτα.. λαμπρὰ ς. Id. Tr. 1174; ξυμβεβᾶσιν οἱ λόγοι.. ἀληθεῖς E. Hel. 622; ἄπιστ' ἀληθῆ πολλὰ ς. βροτοῖς Id. Fr. 396; ς. μέγιστον κακὸν ἡ ἀδικία Pl. Grg. 479c, cf. Alc. 1.130c, Cra. 398e; δοκεῖ τὸ μαντεῖον τοὐναντίον ξυμβῆναι ἢ.. Th. 2.17; τοιούτου τούτου συμβάντος Id. 1.74; συμβαίνει καὶ σοὶ (sc. ἄριστον) Pl. Lg. 903d: abs., turn out well, ἢν ξυμβῇ ἡ πεῖρα Th. 3.3; εἴ μοι ς. τοῦτο Pl. Lg. 744a.
3. of consequences, come out, result, follow, δαπανῶντες ἐς τοιαῦτα ἀφ' ὦν ἡ ἀσθένεια ξυμβαίνει Th. 8.45; κάλλιστον δὴ ἔργων ὑμῖν ξυμβήσεται Id. 6.33; τὰ συμβάντα, opp. ἡ προαίρεσις, D. 18.192; δηλοῦται ἐκ τοῦ συμβάντος Gal. 16.583; ἐὰν μὴ ὅτι τάχος ἀποσταλῇ τὰ ὑποζύγια, συμβήσεται τὰ μελίσσεια ἀπολέσθαι PCair.Zen. 467.8, cf. 481.2, al. (iii B.C.). of logical conclusions, result, follow, freq. in Pl. and Arist., Pl. Grg. 459b, etc.; ς. ἐκ τῶν κειμένων Arist. Top. 156b38, al., cf. D. 25.73: impers., it follows, c. inf., Pl. Tht. 170c, Phd. 74a, Arist. EN 1152b25, al.; also ς. μήτε κουφότητ' ἔχειν μήτε βάρος, ἔπειθ' ὅτι ἀδύνατον κινηθῆναι Arist. Cael. 270a5: also pers., συμβαίνει εἶναι or γίγνεσθαι turns out to be, i.e. consequently or inevitably is or happens, κάθαρσις εἶναι τοῦτο ς. Pl. Phd. 67c, cf. 80b, Cra. 396a, Phlb. 55a, 64e, Prm. 134b, R. 438e; ὅσα συμβαίνει γίγνεσθαι κακὰ καὶ ὅσα συμβήσεται Id. Plt. 301e: hence συμβεβηκός (v. infr. iv. 2). in Philos., τὸ συμβεβηκός has two senses:
1 a contingent attribute or ' accident ' (in the modern sense), Arist. APo. 73b4, Top. 102b4, al.; κατὰ συμβεβηκός ' accidentally ', opp. καθ' αὑτό, Id. Ph. 192b22, cf. Metaph. 1052a18, Thphr. Sens. 22; opp. ἁπλῶς, Arist. APo. 71b10, al.; opp. φύσει, Id. de An. 406a14; opp. κυρίως, πρώτως, Gal. 15.629, cf. 16.575, al.; opp. ἄντικρυς, Id. 18(2).180.
2. an attribute necessarily resulting from the notion of a thing, but not entering into the definition thereof, οἷον τῷ τριγώνῳ τὸ δύο ὀρθὰς ἔχειν Arist. Metaph. 1025a31; distd. by the addition of καθ' αὑτό, Id. APo. 83b19, al.; in Epicurus, essential attribute, property, opp. σύμπτωμα 'accident', τὰ τούτων συμπτώματα ἢ ς. Ephesians 1:1-23 p.6U., cf. Nat. 4 G., al.; ς. ἀνθρώπου τὸ θνητὸν εἶναι Phld. Sign. 3, al.; in the Stoics, consequence, opp. αἴτιον, Zeno Stoic. 1.25.
συμβαίνω (ξυμβαίνω Rec.bez in 1 Peter 4:12; see Sigma, at the end); imperfect συνέβαινον; 2 aorist συνεβην, participle συμβάς; perfect συμβέβηκα; from (Aeschylus), Herodotus down;
1. to walk with the feet near together.
2. to come together, meet with one; hence,
3. of things which fall out at the same time, to happen, turn out, come to pass (so occasionally in the Sept for קָרָה and קָרָא); as very often in Greek writings (the Sept. Genesis 42:4; Genesis 44:29), συμβαινει τί τίνι, something befalls, happens to, one: Mark 10:32; Acts 20:19; 1 Corinthians 10:11; (1 Peter 4:12); 2 Peter 2:22; τό συμβεβηκός τίνι, Acts 3:10 (Susanna 26); absolutely, τά συμβεβηκότα, the things that had happened, Luke 24:14 (1 Macc. 4:26; (Josephus, contra Apion 1, 22, 17)); συνέβη followed by an accusative with an infinitive it happened (A. V. so it was) that, etc.: Acts 21:35 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 323 (303)), examples from secular authors are given by Grimm on 2 Macc. 3:2.
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συμ -βαίνω ,
[in LXX for H6213, H7121, H7136, etc.;]
1. to stand with the feet together.
2. to come together, come to terms.
3. Of events, to come to pass, happen: c. dat. pers., Mark 10:32, Acts 3:10; Acts 20:19, 1 Corinthians 10:11, 1 Peter 4:12, 2 Peter 2:22; absol., τὰ σνμβεβηκότα , Luke 24:14 (cf. 1 Maccabees 4:26); c. acc et nf., Acts 21:35.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
According to Hobart p. 249 θρύπτω is a medical term for the crushing of a calculus, and he thinks that the compd. may have been similarly employed, and, in pursuance of his theme, points out that it is peculiar to Luke (Acts 21:13) among Greek authors. But LS .8 cite at least one other passage, Theod. Prodr. 4. 325 συνεθρύβη. For the simplex θρύπτω see P Oxy III. 471.80 (ii/A.D.) εὔμορφον καὶ πλούσιον μειράκιον ἐθρύπτετο, where the editors render, ";this handsome and rich youth gave himself airs.";
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
