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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #4263 - πρόβατον
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πρόβᾰτον, τό,
freq. in pl. πρόβατα (but also in sg., Cratin. 43, Pl. Euthd. 302a, etc.); heterocl. dat. πρόβασι Hdn.Gr. 1.414, Hsch.: —
used (among the Ionians and Dorians) of all four-footed cattle, Hdt. 2.41, etc.; πάντων τῶν π. βόες μάλιστα ἀτονέουσι Hp. Art. 8; τὰ ἄλλα π. καὶ ἵππους μάλιστα Hdt. 4.61, cf. Pi. Fr. 316, IG 12(1).677.31 (Rhodes, iv/iii B.C. ); of Europa's bull, Simon. 28: in Hom. generally of cattle, flocks and herds, Il. 14.124, 23.550, h.Merc. 571, cf. IG 12(7).62.35 (Amorgos, iv B.C. ); τὰ π. καὶ καρταίποδα Leg.Gort. 4.35; opp. ἄνθρωποι, Hes. Op. 558, Hdt. 1.203; τὰ λεπτὰ τῶν π. small cattle, i.e. sheep and goats, ib. 133, 8.137; τὸ μὲν μέζον π. . ., τὸ δὲ μεῖον IG 5 (2).3.14 (Tegea, iv B.C. ); so later, π. ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρνῶν καὶ τῶν ἐρίφων λήψεσθε LXX Exodus 12:5 : but in Att. Prose and Com. (never in Trag.) almost invariably of sheep, Ar. Av. 714, Th. 2.14, IG 22.1672.289, etc.; ὥσπερ π. βῆ βῆ λέγων βαδίζει Cratin. 43; so in later Boeot., IG 7.3171.39,44 (Orchom. Boeot. ):
generally, animals for slaughter, whether for sacrifices, Hdt. 6.56; or for food, Id. 1.207; cf. Antipho 5.29 .
2. prov. of stupid, lazy people, ἀριθμός, πρόβατ' ἄλλως Ar. Nu. 1203, cf. V. 32: Com. Comp., προβάτου προβάτερον more sheepish than a sheep, dub. cj. in Sophr. 122; χρυσοῦν π., = Lat. pecus aurea, as nickname, D.C. 59.8: in other provs., τοὺς γευομένους κύνας τῶν π. κατακόπτειν φασὶ δεῖν D. 25.40; λέων ἐν προβάτοις Plu. Cleom. 33, cf. Plb. 5.35.13 .
II name of a sea-fish, Opp. H. 1.146, 3.139, Ael. NA 9.38 . (Orig. of small cattle, sheep and goats, which in primitive mixed herds walk in front ( προβαίνει ) of the larger animals.)
πρόβατον , -ου , τό
(< προβαίνω ),
[in LXX chiefly for H6629, also for H7716, more rarely for H3532 (H3775), H7353;]
1. in Hom., Hdt., cattle, esp. of small cattle, sheep and goats.
2. In NT, as in Attic writers generally (cf. MM, xxi), a sheep: Matthew 7:15, Mark 6:34, al.; πρόβατα σφαγῆς , Romans 8:36 (LXX). Metaph. (in cl. of timidity, stupidity or idleness), of the followers of a leader or master, esp. of those who are subject to the care of the Good Shepherd: Matthew 10:6; Matthew 15:24; Matthew 26:31 (LXX) Mark 14:27 (LXX), John 10:7-8; John 10:15-16; John 10:26-27; John 21:16-17 (WH txt., προβάτια ), Hebrews 13:20; opp. to ἐρίφια , Matthew 25:33.
* προβάτιον , -ου , τό ,
dimin. of πρόβατον (used as a term of endearment, v. El., § 27, 4), a little sheep: John 21:16-17 (πρόβατα , WH, mg.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For the literal meaning ";fall upon"; in Matthew 7:25 see s.v. προσπαίω, and for the derived sense ";fall at one) s feet,"; ";supplicate,"; cf. the Christian amulet BGU III. 9543.30 (vi/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 134) ἅγιε Σέρηνε, πρόσπεσε ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ, ἵνα τελείως ὑγιανῶ.
The verb is common in our sources =";befall,"; ";happen,"; e.g. PSI VI. 614.13 (iii/B.C.) γράφε δὲ καὶ Ἡραγόραι, ἐάν τί σοι προσπίπτηι τῶν καθ᾽ αὑτόν, ἐπιμελῶς, ib. IV. 340.12 (B.C. 257–6) ὥ [στε ] μηδεμίαν ὑποψίαν ἐκείνωι γε προσπεσεῖν, P Hib I. 78.4 (B.C. 244–3) ὅταν λειτουργία προσπέσηι ἀπολ ̣υ ̣ειν αὐτούς, ";to release them when service falls to their lot,"; P Par 39.9 (B.C. 161) (= UPZ i. p. 143) καθότι προσπίπτει μοι, BGU IV. 1206.16 (B.C. 28) ἐάν τι ἄλλο προσπέσῃ, σημανῶι σοι, and ib. III. 1011ii. 12 (ii/A.D.) κἄν τί σοι προσπίπτηι περὶ τῶν ἐναντίων. In P Cairo Zen 59031.7 (B.C. 258) reference is made to some iron its a necessary part of a boat’s equipment—τὸ [ν σί ]δη [ρ ]ον ὃν [ἀ ]ναγκαῖον ἦν ὑπάρχειν ἐν τῶι πλοίωι πρὸς τὰς προσπιπτο ̣ύσας χρείας. P Petr II. 38 verso (c).46 (Ptol.) τὰ προσπ [ίπτ ]ον [τα describes cases ";falling"; to a judge to decide.
An interesting use of the verb shows it = ";come to my ears or to my knowledge,"; e.g. P Par 63.30 (B.C. 164) (= P Petr III. p. 20) ἡμῖν προσπέπτωκεν, Witkowski.2 p. 96.8 (B.C. 131–0) (= P Revill Mél p. 295, Archiv ii. p. 518) προσπέπτωκεν <γὰρ > Παὼν ἀναπλεῖν ἐν τῶ τῦβι <μ (ηνί)>, and P Oxy VII. 1027.7 (i/A.D.) προσέπεσέν μοι.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Week of Proper 7 / Ordinary 12