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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #4074 - Πέτρος
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Petros - Peter
πέτρος, ὁ
(in later Poets ἡ, AP 7.274 ( Honest. ), 479 ( Theodorid. )), stone (distd. from πέτρα, q. v.); in Hom., used by warriors, λάζετο πέτρον μάρμαρον ὀκριόεντα Il. 16.734; βαλὼν μυλοειδέϊ πέτρῳ 7.270, cf. 20.288, E. Andr. 1128 (never in Od. ); ἔδικε πέτρῳ Pi. O. 10(11).72; ἄγαλμ' Ἀΐδα ξεστὸν π. ἔμβαλον στέρνῳ Id. N. 10.67; νιφάδι γογγύλων πέτρων A. Fr. 199.7; ἐκ χερῶν πέτροισιν ἠράσσοντο Id. Pers. 460; λευσθῆναι πέτροις S. OC 435; πέτρους ἐπεκυλίνδουν X. HG 3.5.20, etc.; ἐν πέτροισι πέτρον ἐκτρίβων, to produce fire, S. Ph. 296; of a boulder forming a landmark, Id. OC 1595; τόνδ' ἀνέθηκα π. ἀειράμενος IG 42(1).125 (Epid., iii B. C. ).
2. prov., πάντα κινῆσαι πέτρον 'leave no stone unturned', E. Heracl. 1002, cf. Pl. Lg. 843a; of imperturbability, καὶ γὰρ ἂν πέτρου φύσιν σύ γ' ὀργάνειας S. OT 334, cf. E. Med. 28 . II a kind of reed, Peripl.M.Rubr. 65 . — The usual Prose word is λίθος .
Πέτρος , -ου , ὁ
(i.e. a stone, see πέτρα , Κηφᾶς ),
Simon Peter, the Apostle: Matthew 4:18; Matthew 10:2, Mark 3:16, Luke 5:8, John 1:41; John 1:43, al.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
In a letter of remonstrance, P Oxy VIII. 1119.21 (A.D. 254), vindicating the privileges enjoyed by the Antinoites of immunity of public burdens outside their own city, the phrase occurs κατὰ το [ὺ ]ς πατρίους τῆς ἡμετέρας πολειτίας νόμους, ";in accordance with the ancestral usages of our constitution"; (Ed.) : cf. Ephesians 2:12.
Wilcken (Chrest. I. i. p. 78) cites the following exx. from Egypt of πολιτεία practically = πόλις (civitas)—P Flor I. 95.9 (Hermopolis Magna—A.D. 375) ὑπεδεξάμεθα [παρά σου ] ὑπὲρ τῆς σῆς πολ [ιτ <ε >ί ]ας, P Lips I. 62ii. 5 (Antinoopolis—A.D. 385) (= Chrest. I. p. 220) ὑπεδεξάμην παρά σου καὶ νῦν ὑπὲρ τῆς σῆς πολιτείας, and BGU I. 304.3 (Fayûm—c. A.D. 640) παγάρχ (ῳ) τοῦ βορρ (ινοῦ) σκέλους ταύτης τῆς πολ (ι)τ (είας).
For πολιτεία = ";citizenship,"; as in Acts 22:28, we may cite Gnomon 47 (c. A.D. 150) (= BGU V. I. p. 23) ἀστὴ συνελθοῦσα Α ̣ι ̣̔̓[γ ]υ ̣[πτίῳ ] κ ̣ατ᾽ ἄγνοιαν ὡς ἀστῷ ἀνεύθυνός ἐστιν. ἐὰν δὲ καὶ ὑπὸ ἀμφοτ ̣ε ̣ρ ̣[ων ἀπ ]αρχὴ τέκνων τεθῇ, τηρεῖται τοῖς τέκνοις ἡ πολιτει ̣α, ";if a woman, being a citizen [i.e. of alexandria], marries an Egyptian in the mistaken belief that he is also a citizen, she is not liable to penalty; and if both parties present birth-certificates, their children preserve the status of citizens.";
The religious sense which the word acquired (cf. the verb in Acts 23:1, Philippians 1:27) is well seen in the Christian letter P Heid 6.8 (iv/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 125 f.) πιστεύομεν γὰρ τὴν πολιτία [ν σ ]ου ἐνν οὐρανῷ. Deissmann ad l. cites Gregory of Nyssa σπεύδειν πρὸς τὴν ἐπουράνιον πολιτείαν (Migne 46, 597 b), and Isidore of Pelusium ἡ οὐρανῷ πρέπουσα πολιτεία (Epp. 216 and 33).
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Sixth Week after Easter