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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #3983 - πεινάω
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πειν-άω,
forms in αε contr. into η not ᾱ (as in διψάω, cf. Phryn. 42), πεινῇς, -ῇ Ar. Eq. 1270; inf. πεινῆν Id. Nu. 441, Pl. 595, Pl. Grg. 496c; πεινήμεναι Od. 20.137 (only here in Od.): impf. ἐπείνων X. HG 6.2.15: fut. πεινήσω Hdt. 2.13, Ar. Pl. 539, X. Mem. 2.1.17; later πεινάσω [ᾱ ] LXX Si. 24.21, al., Revelation 7:16 : aor. ἐπείνησα X. Cyr. 8.3.39, ἐπείνᾱσα LXX Genesis 41:55, Luc. Epigr. 50, Aesop. 62, Ps.-Callisth. 3.6: pf. πεπείνηκα Pl. R. 606a: later we find the contr. of αε into ᾱ, ἐπείνας, πεινᾷ, -ᾶν, LXX Deuteronomy 25:18, Romans 12:20, etc.: (πεῖνἀ): —
to be hungry, πεινάων, of a lion, Il. 3.25; λέοντε.. ἄμφω πεινάοντε 16.758; λέοντα.. μέγα πεινάοντα 18.162; κακῶς π. to be starved, Hdt. 2.13, 14; π. βάδην Ar. Ach. 535; thrice in Trag., πεινῶσα S. Fr. 199; πεινῶντι E. Fr. 895, Achae. 25; πεινᾶντι δὲ μηδὲ ποτένθῃς Theoc. 15.148: metaph., πεινῆν φασι τὴν γῆν Thphr. HP 8.6.2. II c. gen., hunger after, σίτου δ' οὐκέτ' ἔφη πεινήμεναι Od. 20.137.
2. metaph., hunger, crave after, χρημάτων X. Cyr. 8.3.39, etc.; ἐπαίνου Id. Oec. 13.9; simply, to be in want of, lack, πεινῶντες ἀγαθῶν Pl. R. 521a; μάλα π. συμμάχων X. Cyr. 7.5.50, etc.: later c. acc., οἱ π. καὶ διψῶντες τὴν δικαιοσύνην Matthew 5:6. [ ᾱ in un contr. forms in Hom. With this the Dor. contractions δια-πεινᾶμες (v. διαπεινάω) and πεινᾶντι Theoc. l. c., and the Att. contractions (- η - from - ηε -) agree; but πεινῶντι Dor. 3 pl. pres. ind. in X. HG 1.1.23 codd. points to - ᾰοντι.]
πεινάω , -ῶ ,
[in LXX chiefly for = H7456;]
to hunger, be hungry: Matthew 4:2; Matthew 12:1; Matthew 12:3; Matthew 21:18; Matthew 25:35; Matthew 25:37; Matthew 25:42; Matthew 25:44, Mark 2:25; Mark 11:12, Luke 1:53; Luke 4:2; Luke 6:3, Romans 12:20 (LXX), 1 Corinthians 4:11; 1 Corinthians 11:21; 1 Corinthians 11:34 Philippians 4:12, Revelation 7:16; metaph., Matthew 5:6, Luke 6:21; Luke 6:25, John 6:35.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For πῆχυς in its original meaning of ";forearm,"; cf. P Amh II. 102.9 (A.D. 180) οὐλὴ π [ή ]χι δεξιῷ, ";a scar on the right forearm."; As a measure of length, a ";cubit,"; about one and a half feet (cf. Hultsch, Archiv iii. p. 438 ff.), the word hardly needs illustration, but we may cite one or two exx. of the contr. πηχῶν (for πηχέων) as in John 21:8, Revelation 21:17—P Petr II. 41.2 f. (iii/B.C.) πηχῶν ι ̄θ ̄ πλάτος πηχῶν ι ̄η ̄ εἴσοδος, P Par 14.14 (B.C. 127) πηχῶν δέκα ἕξ, and P Lond 154.9 (A.D. 68) (= II. p. 179) ἔξοδος κοινὴ πλα ̣τ ̣ο ̣υς πηχῶ [ν ] τ [ριῶ ]ν : other exx. in Mayser Gr. i. p. 267. and for the LXX usage see Thackeray Gr. i. p. 151. On the possibility that πῆχυς may refer to extension of time in Matthew 6:27 (Luke 12:25) see s.v. ἡλικία. A subst. πηχισμός, which LS describe as ";Eccl.,"; is not uncommon in connexion with measurements, as of the ground-space occupied by a house in P Strass I. 9.8 (c. A.D. 307 or 352) μέτροις ] καὶ πηχισμ ̣οῖς καὶ θεμελίοις καὶ τίχεσιν. MGr πῆχυ, ";cubit"; : see Thumb Handbook, p. 57.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Sixth Week after Easter