the Week of Christ the King / Proper 29 / Ordinary 34
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3800 - ὀψώνιον
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- a soldier's pay, allowance
- that part of the soldier's support given in place of pay [i.e. rations] and the money in which he is paid
- metaph. wages: hire or pay of sin
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
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this Strong's Number
ὀψώνιον, τό,
(ὄψον, ὠνέομαι)
1. salary, reckoned in money, τό τε ὀ. καὶ σιτομετρίαν καὶ τὸ ἔλαιον PCair.Zen. 507.5, cf. 421.6, 483.14, 498.5 (all iii B. C.); ἵνα ἡμῖν ὀ. προστεθῇ καὶ σιτάριον ib. 49.4 (iii B. C.); μετρήματα καὶ ὀ. corn- and money -payments, UPZ 14.26 (ii B. C.); φυλακιτῶν PPetr. 3p.230 (iii B. C.); of a bank clerk, PCair.Zen. 342.6 (iii B. C.): distd. from γραμματικόν (bonus on turnover), PStrassb. 105.4 (iii B. C.); χωρὶς ὀψωνίων, of un salaried services, Inscr.Prien. 121.34 (i B. C.).
2. a policeman's pay, PLille 25.55 (iii B. C.), PFay. 302 (ii B. C.), IG 9(2).1109.27 (Thess., ii/i B. C.); freq. a soldier's pay, PStrassb. 103.16 (iii B. C.), PTheb.Bank 6.7 (ii B. C.), Plb. 6.39.12: so in pl., pay of an army, RÉt.Anc. 33.8 (Theangela, iv/iii B. C.), OGI 229.106 (iii B. C.), SIG 410.19 (iii B. C.), 581.34 (ii/i B. C.), Plb. 1.67.1, 3.25.4, LXX 1 Maccabees 3:28, Aristeas 22.
3. allowance paid to a victorious athlete, PRyl. 153.25 (ii A. D.), CPHerm. 54.7, al. (iii A. D.); allowance or scholarship paid to a music-student, προδοῦναί μοι τὸ ὀ. καὶ τὸ κατὰ μῆνα ἀνάλωμα PCair.Zen. 440.6 (iii B. C.); allowance to a son or daughter, BGU 665 ii 15 (i A. D.), POxy. 898.31 (ii A. D.); to a slave, distd. from ἱματις μός, PCair.Zen. 28.6, 100.14 (iii B. C.).
4. wages of labour, τὰ σώματα ἐνοχλεῖ ἡμᾶς τὰ ὀ. ἀπαιτοῦντα ib. 43.2, cf. 27.2, al., PPetr. 2p.113 (all iii B. C.), POxy. 974 (iii A. D.); ἀρτάβην κριθῆς εἰς λόγον ὀψωνίων PTeb. 420.24 (iii A. D.): metaph., ὀψώνια ἁμαρτίας the wages of sin, Romans 6:23.
5. a magician's fee, PMag.Par. 1.2454.
6. gratuity to tax-farmers, UPZ 112v3 (pl.).
7. = cross ὄψον 1.1 (cf. Lat. obsonium), τῶν ἀνηλωμάτων πάντων σίτου καὶ ὀψωνίων ib. 91.13 (ii B. C.). — The word is rejected by Phryn. 393. First used by Men. 1051 (no context); ᾔτησεν εἰς ὀ. τριώβολον Thugen. 2. Glossed ὀψωνία, also (in pl.) κέρδη, χαρίσματα, by Phot.
ὀψώνιον, ὀψωνιου, τό (from ὄψον — on which see ὀψάριον, at the beginning — and ὠνέομαι to buy), a later Greek word (cf. Sturz, De dial. Maced. et Alex., p. 187; Phryn. ed. Lob., p. 418), properly, whatever is bought to be eaten with bread, as fish, flesh, and the like (see ὀψάριον). And as grain, meat, fruits, salt, were given to soldiers instead of pay (Caesar b. g. 1, 23, 1; Polybius 1, 66f; 3, 13, 8), ὀψώνιον began to signify:
1. universally, a soldier's pay, allowance (Polybius 6, 39, 12; Dionysius Halicarnassus, Antiquities 9, 36), more commonly in the plural (Winers Grammar, 176 (166); Buttmann, 24 (21)) ὀψώνια, properly, that part of a soldier's support given in place of pay (i. e. rations) and the money in which he is paid (Polybius 1, 67, 1; 6, 39, 15; 1 Macc. 3:28 1 Macc. 14:32; 1 Esdr. 4:56; Josephus, Antiquities 12, 2, 3): Luke 3:14; 1 Corinthians 9:7 (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 31, 7 d.).
2. metaphorically, wages: singular 2 Corinthians 11:8; τῆς ἁμαρτίας, the hire that sin pays, Romans 6:23.
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**† ὄψώνιον , -ου , τό
(< ὀψον —see ὀψάριον —and ὠνέομαι ),
[in LXX: 1 Esdras 4:56, 1 Maccabees 3:28; 1 Maccabees 14:32 *;]
1. provisions, provision-money, soldiers' pay: Luke 3:14, 1 Corinthians 9:7.
2. Generally, wages, hire: 2 Corinthians 11:8; ὄ . τῆς ἁμαρτίας , Romans 6:23 (v. Deiss, BS, 148, 266).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
In the royal ordinance P Tebt I. 5.91 (B.C. 118) it is laid down that the measures used by revenue officers shall be tested, and that they must not exceed the government measure by more than the two [. . .] allowed for errors, τῶν εἰς τὰ παραπτώματα ἐ [π ]ικεχωρημε ̣ν ̣ω ̣[ν ̣ . . β ̄ : the editors suggest two hundredths of a χοῖνιξ. A ";slip"; or ";lapse"; rather than a wilful ";sin"; is the connotation suggested, and the same weakened sense may be found in P Lond 1917.14 (c. A.D. 330–340) where the writer speaks of a παράπτωμα διαβολικη ̣ (sic) into which he had fallen, but which, as Bell suggests, may not mean more than that he had stayed too long in the κηπολάχανον (";vegetable garden";) mentioned just before. Needless to say, we do not propose to define the word in its NT occurrences from these instances : see Field Notes, p. 160 f.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
