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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3441 - μόνος
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- alone (without a companion), forsaken, destitute of help, alone, only, merely
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μόνος, η, ον, and Ion. μοῦνος, the only form used by Hom. (as in all derivs. exc. μονόω), Hes., and Hdt., also by Pi. P. 9.27, I. 5(4).12, B. 3.80, al., by S. both in iamb. and lyr., by A. only in compd. μουνώψ, by E. only in μούναρχος: Dor. μῶνος Theoc. 2.64, 20.45: —
I
1. alone, solitary, μοῦνος ἐὼν πολέσιν μετὰ Καδμείοισιν Il. 4.388; ἢ ὅ γε μοῦνος ἐών Od. 3.217; μούνω ἄνευθ' ἄλλων 16.239: joined with ἐρῆμος, S. Ant. 887, Ph. 470; μόνοι γὰρ ἐσμέν Luc. JTr. 21; ἄνθρωπος πρεσβύτης καὶ μ. BGU 180.23 (ii A.D.); φυγὴ μόνου πρὸς μόνον Plot. 6.9.11.
2. c. gen., σοῦ μόνος bereft of thee, without thee, S. Aj. 511; also μοῦνος ἀπ' ἄλλων h.Merc. 193, S. Ph. 183 (lyr.); ἑτάρων ἄπο μ. A.R. 3.908.
II
1. only, μοῦνον Λαέρτην Ἀρκείσιος υἱὸν ἔτικτε, μοῦνον δ' αὖτ' Ὀδυσῆα πατὴρ τέκεν Od. 16.118, cf. Il. 9.482; μόνης γὰρ σοῦ κλύων ἀνέξεται A. Pers. 838, cf. 632 (anap.), Pr. 425 (lyr.), etc.; χοίνικος μόνας ἁλῶν for a gallon of salt only, Ar. Ach. 814; single, οὐκ ἄρα μοῦνον ἔην Ἐρίδων γένος, ἀλλὰ.. δύω Hes. Op. 11, cf. S. OT 1280; εἷς μοῦνος or μόνος, Hdt. 1.38, S. OT 63: once in Hom., μία μούνη Od. 23.227: joined with αὐτός, αὐτὼ μόνω Pl. Ly. 211c; αὐτοὶ καθ' αὑτοὺς μόνοι Id. Plt. 307e.
2. c. gen., μοῦνος ποταμῶν alone of rivers, Hdt. 2.25, cf. 29; μ. θεῶν γὰρ Θάνατος οὐ δώρων ἐρᾷ A. Fr. 161; μ. τῶν ἄλλων ποιητῶν Lycurg. 102; but μοῦνος πάντων ἀνθρώπων he and no other of all men, Hdt. 1.25; ἀνδρῶν γε μοῦνος he and no other, S. OC 1250, cf. El. 531; ὦ μόνα ὦ φίλα γυναικῶν E. Alc. 460 (lyr.).
3. freq. repeated in the same clause, ξυμπεσὼν μόνος μόνοις S. Aj. 467; Ἕκτορος μόνος μόνου.. ἐναντίος ib. 1283; σὺν τέκνοις μόνη μόνοις E. Med. 513; μόνος μόνῳ D. 18.137.
4. expressing rhetorically pre-eminence in an action or quality, μόνα κατέχεσθαι ποιεῖ are unique for causing possession, Pl. Smp. 215c, cf. 222a, S. OC 261, OT 299, Isoc. 14.57; [ ἐπέδειξε] σαφέστατα μόνος ἀνθρώπων Lys. 24.9.
III Sup. μονώτατος one above all others, Ar. Eq. 352, Pl. 182, Lycurg. 89, Theoc. 15.137, Phld. Rh. 1.350 S. made in one piece, τάπης Edict.Diocl. 19.23. Adv. μόνως, on one condition only, folld. by εἰ, Th. 8.81, X. Mem. 1.5.5, Cyr. 3.2.23; in one way only, Them. in Ph. 29.22, al.; in a unique manner, Dam. Pr. 98: later, simply, only, Phld. Oec. p.53 J., Ph. 1.559, AP 12.254 (Strat.), Iamb. Myst. 4.7, Procl. in Prm. p.479 S.
IV
1. neut. as Adv., μόνον alone, only, οὐχ ἅπαξ μ. A. Pr. 211, etc.: freq. with imper., μ. φύλαξαι Id. Supp. 1012; ἀποκρίνου μ. Pl. Grg. 494d; so μ. Κράτος συγγένοιτό σοι A. Ch. 244; μὴ 'μὲ καταπίῃς μ. E. Cyc. 219, etc.; ἐὰν μ. if only, Arist. Pol. 1292a3; οὐσίαν.., οὐ χωριστὴν μ. only not separable, Id. Metaph. 1025b28.
2. οὐ μόνον.., ἀλλὰ καὶ.. Ar. Eq. 1282, X. Cyr. 1.6.17, etc.; οὐ μ., ἀλλὰ.. S. Ph. 555: μόνον is sts. omitted, μὴ τοὺς ἐγγύς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἄπωθεν Th. 4.92, cf. E. Hipp. 359, Ph. 1480 (lyr.).
3. μόνον οὐ all but, well nigh, Ar. V. 516, D. 19.220, etc.; μόνον οὐκ ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς περιφέρουσι Pl. R. 600d: in codd. freq. written μονονού, Plb. 3.109.2, etc.; μονονουχί D. 1.2, Plb. 3.102.4.
V κατὰ μόνας alone, Th. 1.32, 37, Isa 7.38, Arist. Pol. 1281b34, etc. μόνῃ, = μόνον, Plu. 2.583d codd. (Prob.from Μόν ϝος.)
μόνος, μόνη, μόνον, the Sept. chiefly for לְבַד (from Homer down);
1. an adjective, alone (without a companion);
a. with verbs: εἶναι, ἑυρίσκεσθαι, καταλείπεσθαι, etc., Matthew 14:23; Mark 6:47; Luke 9:36; John 8:9; 1 Thessalonians 3:1; added to the pronouns ἐγώ, αὐτός, οὐ, etc.: Matthew 18:15; Mark 9:2; Luke 24:18; Romans 11:3; Romans 16:4, etc.
b. it is joined with its noun to other verbs also, so that what is predicated may be declared to apply to some one person alone (cf. Winer's Grammar, 131 (124) note): Matthew 4:10; Luke 4:8; Luke 24:12 (T omits; L Tr brackets WH reject the verse); John 6:22; Hebrews 9:7; 2 Timothy 4:11; with a neg. followed by ἀλλά, Matthew 4:4. ὁ μόνος Θεός, he who alone is God: John 5:44; John 17:3; Romans 16:27; ὁ μόνος δεσπότης, Jude 1:4. οὐκ ... εἰ μή μόνος: Matthew 12:4; Matthew 17:8; Matthew 24:36; Luke 6:4; οὐδείς ... εἰ μή μόνος, Philippians 4:15. equivalent to forsaken, destitute of help, Luke 10:40; John 8:16; John 16:32, (Wis. 10:1).
2. Neuter μόνον as adverb, alone, only, merely: added to the object, Matthew 5:47; Matthew 10:42; Acts 18:25; Galatians 3:2; to the genitive Romans 3:29 (here WH marginal reading μόνων); referring to an action expressed by a verb, Matthew 9:21; Matthew 14:36; Mark 5:36; Luke 8:50; Acts 8:16; 1 Corinthians 15:19; Galatians 1:23; Galatians 2:10. μόνον μή, Galatians 5:13; οὐ (μή) μόνον, Galatians 4:18; James 1:22; James 2:24; followed by ἀλλά, Acts 19:26 (L ἀλλά καί; cf. Winers Grammar, 498 (464); Buttmann, 370 (317)); by ἀλλά πολλῷ μᾶλλον, Philippians 2:12; by ἀλλά καί, Matthew 21:21; John 5:18; John 11:52; John 12:9; John 13:9; John 17:20; Acts 19:26 (Lachmann (see as above, especially Buttmann));
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μόνος , -η , -ον ,
[in LXX chiefly for H905;]
1. adj., alone, solitary, forsaken: c. verb., Matthew 14:23, Mark 6:47, Luke 9:36, al.; c. prop., Matthew 18:15, Mark 9:2, al.; c. subst., Mark 9:8, Luke 4:8, al.; pleonast., οὐκ . . . εἰ μὴ μ ., Matthew 12:4, Luke 6:4, al.; attrib., only, (ὁ ) μ . θεις , John 5:44; John 17:3, Romans 16:27, 1 Timothy 1:17, Judges 1:25.
2. As adv.,
(a) neut., μόνον , alone, only: referring to verb or predic., Matthew 9:21, Mark 5:36, James 1:22, al. (v. 131., § 44, 2); οὐ (μὴ ) μ ., Galatians 4:18, James 1:22; οὐ μ . . . . ἀλλά (B1., § 77, 139), Acts 19:26, 1 John 5:6, al.; id. seq. καί (B1., § 81, 12), Romans 5:3; Romans 9:10, 2 Corinthians 8:19, al.;
(b) κατὰ μόνας , alone (B1., § 44, 1), Mark 4:10, Luke 9:18.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
This NT ἅπ. εἰρ. (Hebrews 12:8) is found in such passages as P Hib I. 32.15 (return of sheep—B.C. 246) ψιλὰ νόθα ι ̄, ";10 are shorn and half-bred,"; P Petr III. 59 (6).6 (tax-return—iii/ii B.C.) νόθοι ι ̣δ ̣̄, and P Tebt II. 302.24 (A.D. 71–2) τινῶν ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ νόθων, ";certain bastards from the temple,"; in contrast to the legitimate (νόμιμοι) priests : cf. Syll 734 (=.31106).144 (Cos—c. B.C. 300) ἂν δέ τις νόθος ὢν κρ [ιθ ]εὶς γνωσθῆι μετέχειν τῶν ἱερῶ [ν ], μὴ ἐξέστω αὐτῶι μετέχειν τῶν [ἱε ]ρωσυνῶν, and see also the sepulchral inscr. Kaibel. 120.5f.—
ἑξήκοντ᾽ ἔτε [σιν μετ᾽ ἐμῆς ἐβίωσα γυναικός,
ἐ ]ξ ἧς ἔσχα τέκνα γνήσια κοὐχὶ νόθα.
The word is of doubtful origin.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
