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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3133 - μαραίνω
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- to extinguish (a flame, fire, light, etc.)
- to render arid, make to waste away, consume away, perish
- to have a miserable end
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μᾰραίνω,
fut. μᾰρᾰνῶ Orph. Fr. 262, Epigr.Gr. 854 (Delos): aor.1 ἐμάρᾱνα h.Merc. 140, S. OT 1328, etc.: —
Med., aor. ἐμᾰρηνάμην (v. infr.): — Pass., fut. μᾰρανθήσομαι Ephesians 1:11, Gal. 7.691: aor. ἐμᾰράνθην Il. 9.212, Lyc. 1231, etc.: pf. μεμάρασμαι Dsc. 1.99, Luc. Anach. 25, μεμάραμαι (leg. - αμμ -) v.l. in Dsc. l.c., Plu. Pomp. 31: 3 sg. plpf. μεμάραντο Q.S. 9.371: —
I quench fire, ἀνθρακιήν h.Merc. l.c.: —
I Pass., die away, go slowly out, of fire, φλὸξ ἐμαράνθη Il.l.c.; πυρκαϊὴ ἐμαραίνετο 23.228, cf. Revelation 5:4 (Stat. Flacc.): distd. from σβέννυσθαι as that which goes out of itself, Arist. Cael. 305a11; of rays of light, Arat. 862.
II later, in various senses, ὄψεις μ. quench the orbs of sight, S.l.c.; esp. waste, wither, [ νόσος] μαραίνει με A. Pr. 597 (lyr.); γῆρας ἁμὲ μαραῖνον ταριχεύει Sophr. 54; κάλλος ἢ χρόνος ἀνάλωσεν ἢ νόσος ἐμάρανε Isoc. 1.6; μάραινε [αὐτὸν] διώγμασι A. Eu. 139; πίνος πλευρὰν μ. S. OC 1260; πάνθ' ὁ μέγας χρόνος μ. Id. Aj. 714 (lyr.), Philem. 240; ἀδικία φθείρει [τὴν ψυχὴν] καὶ μ. Pl. R. 609d: — Med., νέους ἐμαρήνατο δαίμων IG 5(1).1355 (Abia): — Pass., waste away, καμάτοισι (v.l. ὑπὸ νούσοις) Emp. [156.3]; νόσῳ E. Alc. 203; τὸ σῶμα οὐκ ἐμαραίνετο Th. 2.49, cf. Pl. Plt. 270e; but also of a tumour, disappear, Hp. Epid. 7.84; αἷμα.. μαραίνεται χερός blood dies away from my hand, A. Eu. 280; of a river, dry up, Hdt. 2.24; μ. ἡ κίνησις Arist. Pr. 901a26; of a musical sound, die away, ib. 921b15; τὸ ϝοεῖν μ. Id. de An. 408b24; of winds and waves, abate, Plu. Pyrrh. 15, Mar. 37; of wine, lose its strength, Id. 2.692d; κῦδος μαρανθέν Lyc. 1231, cf. 1127; μ. ἀκμή, δύναμις, Plu. Fab. 2, Caes. 3; τῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν καὶ ὀργῶν μεμαρασμένων Porph. Abst. 3.26. (Perh. cf. Lat. morbus; signf. 11 may be the earlier in origin.)
μαραίνω: 1 future passive μαρανθήσομαι; from Homer, Iliad 9, 212; 23, 228 on; to extinguish (a flame, fire, light, etc.); to render arid, make to waste away, cause to wither; passive to wither, wilt, dry up (Wis. 2:8 of roses; Job 15:30). Trop. to waste away, consume away, perish (νόσῳ, Euripides, Alc. 203; τῷ λιμῷ, Josephus, b. j. 6, 5, 1); equivalent to to have a miserable end: James 1:11, where the writer uses a figure suggested by what he had just said (10); (Buttmann, 52 (46)).
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μαραίνω ,
[in LXX: Job 15:30 (H3001 pi.), Job 24:24, Wisdom of Solomon 2:8; Wisdom of Solomon 19:21 *;]
in cl.,
1. prop., to quench fire; pass., of fire, to die away, go out.
2. In various relations, to quench, waste, wear out (cf. Wisdom of Solomon 19:21); pass., to waste away; in later writers (Plut., Luc., al.), of the withering of flowers and herbage (act., Job 15:30; pass., Job 24:24, Wisdom of Solomon 2:8): James 1:11 (cf. ἀμάραντον ).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
Hort (ad Jas I.11) has shown that this word, which in the pass, ";denoted originally the dying out of a fire"; (cf. Arist. de vita et morte 5, and see P Leid Wvii. 44 (ii/iii A.D.) πῦρ. . καὶ μαραινόμενον, καὶ μὴ μαραίμενον), came to be used of many kinds of enfeeblement and decay. Hence its frequent occurrence in sepulchral epitaphs, e.g. Kaibel 201.2 (i/B.C.) ἄ [φν ]ως γὰρ | ἁρπάξας σ᾽ Ἀίδας σὰν ἐμάρανεν ἀκμάν, and the later ib. 368.4 ἄνθεα πάντα φύουσιν, κάλλος δὲ τὸ σὸν μεμάρανται, .7 Θεοδώρα, κλάδος ἐλέας, τάχυ πῶς ἐμαράνθης; Cf. also the Senthianic imprecatory tablet 16.64 (Leipzig, 1898, p. 18) μαραίνετε. . : τὴν ψυχὴν. . . Καρδήλου. . . εἴσω ἡμερῶν πέντε (quoted by Wiinsch in Bliss and Macalister Excavations in Palestine(1902), p. 168). For traces of the application of the verb to plants in classical Greek, as in James 1:11, see again Hort’s note ad l., where reference is also made to Wisdom of Solomon 2:8, Job 24:24.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
