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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3011 - λειτουργός
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- a public minister, a servant of the state
- a minister, servant
- so of military labourers
- of the temple
- of one busied with holy things
- of a priest
- of the servants of a king
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
λειτουργ-ός, ὁ,
(λήϊτος, ἔργον)
I one who performed a λειτουργία (q.v.), POxy. 82.3 (iii A.D.), etc.; λ. τῶν ἐν παισὶ λειτουργιῶν CIG 2881.13, cf. 2882, 2886 (Branchidae).
II
1. public servant, ἡ στάσις τῶν λ. [τοῦ Σαλομῶνος ] LXX 1 Kings 10:5; of workmen, carpenters, etc., οἰκοδόμοι καὶ λ. PPetr. 3p.139 (iii B.C.), cf. Plb. 3.93.5; at Magnesia, an official of the γερουσία, Inscr.Magn. 116.17; = Lat. lictor, Plu. Rom. 26: metaph., λ. τῆς χρείας μου ministering to my need, Philippians 2:25.
2. private servant, LXX 2 Samuel 13:18.
III in religioussense, minister, [ θεοῦ ] ib. Psalms 103:21(102).21, Romans 13:6, al.; τῶν θεῶν D.H. 2.22, cf. 73; τῶν ἁγίων λ. Hebrews 8:2; θεοῖς λιτουργοί (sic) REt.Anc. 32.5 (Athens, i B.C.); attendant at sacrifices, acolyte, IG 3.1005, al. Astrol., λειτουργοί, οἱ, astral gods subordinate to the δεκανοί, Iamb. Myst. 9.2, Firm. 2.4.4, Mart.Cap. 2.200.
λειτουργός, λειτουργου, ὁ (from ἘΡΓΩ i. e. ἐργάζομαι, and unused λεῖτοσ῟ equivalent to ληιτος equivalent to δημοσις public, belonging to the state (Hesychius), and this from λεώς Attic for λαός), the Sept. for מְשָׁרֵת (Piel participle of שָׁרַת);
1. a public minister; a servant of the state: τῆς πόλεως, Inscriptions; of the lictors, Plutarch, Rom. 26; (it has not yet been found in its primary and proper sense, of one who at Athens assumes a public office to be administered at his own expense (cf. Liddell and Scott, under the word I.); see λειτουργέω).
2. universally, a minister, servant: so of military laborers, often in Polybius; of the servants of a king, 1 Esdr. 10:5; Sir. 10:2; (of Joshua, Joshua 1:1 Alex.; universally, 2 Samuel 13:18 (cf. 2 Samuel 13:17)); of the servants of the priests, joined with ὑπηρέται, Dionysius Halicarnassus, Antiquities 2, 73; τῶν ἁγίων, of the temple, i. e. one busied with holy things, of a priest, Hebrews 8:2, cf. (Philo, alleg. leg. iii. § 46); Nehemiah 10:39; Sir. 7:30; τῶν θεῶν, of heathen priests, Dionysius Halicarnassus 2, 22 cf. 73; Plutarch, mor., p. 417 a.; Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, of Paul likening himself to a priest, Romans 15:16; plural τοῦ Θεοῦ, those by whom God administers his affairs and executes his decrees: so of magistrates, Romans 13:6; of angels, Hebrews 1:7 from Psalm 103:4
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λειτουργός , -οῦ , ὁ
(< λιός , ἔργον ),
[in LXX chiefly for H8334, Joshua 1:1 A, 1 Kings 10:5, Psalms 103:21, Sirach 7:30, al.;]
1. in cl., one who discharges a public office at his own expense, then, generally,
2. a public servant, a minister, servant: τ . ἁγίων λ ., Hebrews 8:2 (cf. Nehemiah 10:39, Sir, l.c.); Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ , Romans 15:16; pl., τ . θεοῦ , Romans 13:6, Hebrews 1:7 (LXX); λ . ὑμῶν τ . χρείας μου , Philippians 2:25.†
SYN.: see διάκονος G1249, λειτουργέω G3008.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
λειτουργός in the Ptolemaic period is often simply a ";workman,"; as in Polybius, e.g. P Petr III. 46 (3).5 (iii/B.C.) οἰκοδόμοις καὶ λειτουργοῖς, accounts in connexion with the erection of buildings, but cf. P Hib I. 96.14 (B.C. 259) where it is used of a military settler perhaps, as the editors suggest, because he had some special duties assigned to him. In P Oxy XII. 1412.20 (c. A.D. 284) we hear of a special meeting of the Senate of Oxyrhynchus—ψ ]η ̣ϕ ̣ι ̣σ ̣α ̣σ ̣θαί τ ̣ε ̣ τὰς ̣ [τ ]ῶν λ [ιτ ]ουργῶν χειρο ̣[τ ]ο ̣[ν ]ίας, ";to vote upon the election of those who are to serve,"; in connexion with the transport of corn for the troops : cf. the report of similar proceedings in ib. 1415.10 f. (late iii/A.D.) οἱ βουλευταὶ εἶπ (ον)· Ἀριστί ]ων ὅταν ̣ ε ̣̀λ ̣θ ̣η ̣ ὁλοκληρήσει, λειτουργὸς ἦν ὁλοκληρῶν Ἀριστίων. ὁ πρύτανις <εἶπ (εν)>· δότε τοὺς [λειτο ]υργούς, ἵνα [μὴ ἐμποδίζηται, ";the senators said, ‘Aristion, when he comes, will prosper; a prosperous public servant was Aristion.’ The prytanis said, ‘Appoint the persons to office, in order that there may be no delay’"; (Edd.), and for the inscrr. see CIG II. 2881.12, 2882.6, 2886.1. With this sense of a public servant cf. LXX Joshua 1:1 A, 3 Kings 10:5 [MT 1 Kings 10:5], and for a religious sense see Nehemiah 10:39, Isaiah 61:6, Romans 13:6 al.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
