the Week of Proper 26 / Ordinary 31
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #292 - ἀμύνομαι
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- defend
- to ward off, keep off
- to aid or assist anyone
- to defend one's self against anyone
- to take vengeance on anyone
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
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ἀμύνω [ῡ], impf. ἄμῡνον Il. 15.731: fut. ἀμῠνῶ, Ion. -ῠνέω Hdt. 9.60, 3 pl. -εῦσι ib. 6: aor. 1 ἤμῡνα, ἄμυνα [ᾰμ] Il. 17.615: aor. 2, v. ἀμυνάθω: — Med., impf. ἀμυνόμην ib. 13.514: fut. ἀμυνοῦμαι: aor. 1 ἠμυνάμην: aor. 2, v. ἀμυνάθω: — Pass. rare (v. infr. c): —
I keep off, ward off, Hom., mostly in Il. — Construction:
1. c.acc. of the person or thing to be kept off, c. dat. pers. for or from whom danger averted, Δαναοῖσιν λοιγὸν ἄμυνον ward off ruin from the Danai, Il. 1.456, cf. 341, Od. 8.525: — dat. freq. omitted, ὃς λοιγὸν ἀμύνει Il. 5.603; ἄ. τὸν βάρβαρον Pl. Lg. 692e, cf. AB 79. b. c. dat. only, defend, aid, succour, ἀ. ὤρεσσι, σοῖσιν ἔτῃσι, Il. 5.486, 6.262, cf. Od. 11.500, Hdt. 8.87, 9.6, etc.; τοιαῦτ' ἀμύνεθ' Ἡρακλεῖ such aid ye give to H., E. HF 219; ἀ. τῇ πόλει, τῷ δήμῳ, Ar. Eq. 577, 790; τῷ νόμῳ E. Or. 523, Th. 3.67: — with inf. added, τοῖς μὲν οὐκ ἠμύνατε σωθῆναι so that they might be saved, Th. 6.80.
2. c. acc. et gen., Τρῶας ἄμυνε νεῶν he kept the Trojans off from the ships, Il. 15.731, cf. 4.11, 12.402. b. c. gen. only, ἀ. νηῶν defend the ships, ib. 13.109.
3. abs., succour, χεῖρες ἀμύνειν hands to aid, ib. 814; ἀμύνειν εἰσὶ καὶ ἄλλοι ib. 312; ὦ ξυνδικασταί.. ἀμύνατε help! Ar. V. 197; τὰ ἀμυνεῦντα means of defence, Hdt. 3.155: c. dat. modi, δθένει ἀ. defend with might, Il. 13.678.
4. with Preps., once in Hom. with περί, ἀμυνέμεναι περὶ Πατρόκλοιο (cf. B. 1.3) ib. 17.182; in Prose, ἀ. ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἑλλάδος Pl. Lg. 692d; ἀ. πρὸ πάντων Plb. 6.6.8.
II less freq. like B. 11, requite, repay, ἔργ' ἀμύνουσιν κακά S. Ph. 602; ἀμύνειν.. τοῖσδε τοῖς λόγοις τάδε Id. OC 1128. Med., keep or ward off from oneself, guard or defend oneself against, freq. with collat. notion of requital, revenge:
1. c. acc. rei, ἀμύνετο νηλεὲς ἦμαρ Il. 13.514; ἀμύνεσθαι μόρον A. Ag. 1381; τὸ δυστυχὲς γὰρ ηὑγένει' ἀμύνεται E. Heracl. 303, cf. S. Fr. 1004. b. c.acc. pers., ἀ. τὴν Δαρείου στρατιήν Hdt. 3.158; ἐκεῖνον ἠμύναντο S. Fr. 589.
2. that from which danger is warded off in gen., as in Acts 1:2, ἀμυνόμενοι σφῶν αὐτῶν Il. 12.155; νηῶν ἠμύνοντο ib. 179.
3. with Preps., ἀμύνεσθαι περὶ πάτρης ib. 243; περὶ τῶν οἰκείων Th. 2.39; ὑπέρ τινος X. Cyn. 9.9.
4. abs., defend oneself, act in self-defence, ἀμύνεσθαι φίλον ἔστω Il. 16.556; ἢν συλλαμβανόμενος ἀμύνηται Hdt. 1.80, cf. 4.174,al.; ἀλλ' ἀμύνου Ar. Eq. 244; τοῦ ἄρξαντος καὶ οὐ τοῦ ἀμυνομένου Antipho 44.8; οὐδ' ἀμυνόμενος ἀλλ' ὑπάρχων Isoc. 16.44, cf. Pl. Grg. 456e; κακῶς πάσχοντα ἀ. ἀντιδρῶντα κακῶς Pl. Cri. 49d; ἂν ᾖ χαρίεις, ἀ. εὖ δρῶν Arist. EN 1162b10. II after Hom., ἀ. τινά avenge oneself on an enemy: hence, requite, repay, Ar. Nu. 1428, etc.: freq. c. dat. instr., ἔργοις πεπονθὼς ῥήμασίν σ' ἀμύνομαι S. OC 873; ἀ. τινὰ σιδήρῳ Antipho 4.2.2; τοῖς ὁμοίοις, ἀρετῇ, Th. 1.42, 4.63; ὠμότητα ὠμότητι D.S. 14.53; ἀ. τινὰς ὑπέρ τινος to punish for a thing, Th. 5.69; good sense, Simon. 229; ἀ. ὁμοίως εὖ παθόντα, ὥσπερ κακῶς Socr. ap. Arist. Rh. 1398a25: abs., retaliate, c. dat. instr., ταῖς ναυσίν Th. 1.142; ἀ. ὧν ἔπαθον 1.96. very rarely Pass., ἀμύνονται ἆται are warded off, Pi. P. 11.54; ἀμυνέσθω let him be driven away, Pl. Lg. 845c.
ἀμύνω: 1 aorist middle ἠμυνάμην; (allied with Latinmunio,moenia, etc., Vanicek, p. 731; Curtius, § 451); in Greek writings (from Homer down) to ward off, keep off anything from anyone, τί τίνι, accusative of the thing and the dative of person; hence, with a simple dative of the person, to aid, assist anyone (Thucydides 1, 50; 3, 67, elsewhere). Middle ἀμύνομαι, with accusative of person, to keep off, ward off, anyone from oneself; to defend oneself against anyone (so also 2 Macc. 10:17; Wis. 11:3; the Sept. Joshua 10:13); to take vengeance on anyone (Xenophon, an. 2, 3,23; Josephus, Antiquities 9, 1, 2): Acts 7:24, where in thought supply τόν ἀδικοῦντα (cf. Buttmann, 194 (168) note; Winer's Grammar, 258 (242)).
STRONGS NT 292a: ἀμφιβάλλω ἀμφιβάλλω; to throw around, equivalent to περιβάλλω, of a garment (Homer, Odyssey 14, 342); to cast to and fro now to one side now to the other: a net, Mark 1:16 G L T Tr WH (according to T Tr WH used absolutely; cf. οἱ ἀμφιβολεῖς, Isaiah 19:8). (Habakkuk 1:17.)
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ἀμύνω ,
[in LXX (mid.): Joshua 10:13 (H5358), Psalms 118:10-12 H4135 hi.), Isaiah 59:16 (H3467 hi.), Wisdom of Solomon 11:3, al.;]
to ward off, etc. Mid.
(a) to defend oneself against;
(b) to requite;
(c) = act., to defend, assist (Isa, l.c.): c. acc pers., Acts 7:24 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
Syll 35635 (rescript of Augustus) καὶ [ὅτε ἠ ]μύνοντο. The word may have almost fallen out of the colloquial language, to judge from its rarity in LXX and NT, and the absence of occurrences in papyri.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
