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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #169 - ἀκάθαρτος
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- not cleansed, unclean
- in a ceremonial sense: that which must be abstained from according to the levitical law
- in a moral sense: unclean in thought and life
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ἀκᾰθαρ-τος, ον, (καθαίρω)
1. uncleansed, foul, ἀήρ Hp. Aër. 6; of the body, Arist. Pr. 883b27; ἕλκος Hp. Fract. 27; of a woman, quae menstrua non habet, Demad. Fr. 4, Luc. Lex. 19; of ceremonial impurity, LXX Leviticus 12:2, al., IG 3.74.3. unpurified, Pl. Lg. 866a, 868a.
2. morally unclean, impure, Pl. Phd. 81b, D. 19.199, etc.; ἀκάθαρτε thou beast! Bato 5; = μανιώδης, Achae. 30; ἀ. πνεῦμα LXX Zechariah 13:2, Matthew 12:43, cf. PMag.Par. 1.1238. Adv. ἀκαθάρτως, ἔχειν Pl. Ti. 92b.
3. ofthings, notpurgedaway, unpurged, S. OT 256, Pl. Lg. 854b. unpruned, Thphr. CP 1.15.1. ceremonially unclean, of food, LXX Leviticus 5:2, al., Acts 10:14. not sifted, containing impurities, PPetr. 2p.8 (iii B. C.). II Act., not fit for cleansing, [ φάρμακα] ἑλκέων ἀκαθαρτότερα Aret. CD 1.8.
ἀκάθαρτος, (καθαίρω) (from Sophocles down), in the Sept. equivalent to טָמֶא, not cleansed, unclean;
a. in a ceremonial sense, that which must be abstained from according to the levitical law, lest impurity be contracted: Acts 10:14; Acts 11:8 (of food); Acts 10:28; 1 Corinthians 7:14 (of men); 2 Corinthians 6:17 (from Isaiah 52:11, of things pertaining to idolatry); Revelation 18:2 (of birds),
b. in a moral sense, unclean in thought and life (frequent in Plato): Ephesians 5:5; τά ἀκάθαρτα τῆς πορνείας, Revelation 17:4 (according to the true reading); πνεύματα, demons, bad angels (in twenty-three passages of the Gospels, Acts, and Revelation): Matthew 10:1; Matthew 12:43; Mark 1:23, 26; Mark 3:11, etc.; Luke 4:33, 36; Luke 6:18, etc.; Acts 5:16; Acts 8:7; Revelation 16:13; Revelation 18:2 (πνεύματα πονηρά in Matthew 12:45; Luke 7:21; Luke 8:2; Luke 11:26; Acts 19:12f, 15f).
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ἀκάίθαρτος , -ον
(< ἀ - neg., καθαίρω ),
[in LXX chiefly for H2931;]
unclean, impure;
(a) physically (LS, MM, VGT, s.v.);
(b) ceremonially: Acts 10:14; Acts 10:28; Acts 11:8, 1 Corinthians 7:14, 2 Corinthians 6:17, Revelation 18:2;
(c) morally: Ephesians 5:5, Revelation 17:4; c. πνϵῦμα , as always in Gosp., Matthew 10:1; Matthew 12:43, Mark 1:23; Mark 1:26-27 Mark 3:11; Mark 3:30 Mark 5:2; Mark 5:8; Mark 5:13 Mark 6:7 Mark 7:25 Mark 9:25, Luke 4:33; Luke 4:36 Luke 6:18 Luke 8:29 Luke 9:42 Luke 11:24, Acts 5:16 Acts 8:7, Revelation 16:13 (cf. Cremer, 320).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The adjective is found in a moral sense of an unclean demon in the long magical papyrus P Par 5741238 ( = Selections, p. 113). It occurs in the correspondence of the architect Cleon (B.C. 255–4), P Petr II. 4, (3)8 (p. [8]), εἰλήφαμεν δὲ τοῦ ἀκαθάρτου καὶ τὸ [. . ., where the ganger Apollonius seems to be writing about a supply of iron for quarrymen, but the mutilation prevents our determining the reference. Vettius Valens, p. 76.1, has πάθεσιν ἀκαθάρτοις καὶ παρὰ φύσιν ἡδοναῖς, where the ethical sense is completely developed : half way comes Syll 6333 (ii/A.D. according to Michel), where a Lycian named Xanthus dedicates a shrine to Mên Tyrannus and says καὶ [μηθένα ] ἀκάθαρτον προσάγειν · καθαριζέστω δέ ἀπὸ σ (κ)όρδων κα [ὶχοιρέων ] κα [ὶ γ ]υναικός —the impurity is ritual.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
