the Week of Proper 25 / Ordinary 30
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1520 - εἷς
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εἷς, μίᾰ, ἕν
(μίη only in late Ion. Prose): gen. ἑνός, μιᾶς, ἑνός: — ἕεις Hes. Th. 145, AP 7.341 (Procl.), cj.in Il. 5.603: — Dor. ἧς Rhinth. 12, Tab.Heracl. 1.136: — , Aeol., and Ion. fem. ἴᾰ Il. 13.354, prob. in Hp. Morb. 4.37; acc. ἴαν Alc. 33.6 (prob.), Sapph. 69.1 (cf. μηδεΐα), Corinn. Supp. 2.56, IG 9(2).517.22(Thess.); gen. ἰῆς Il. 16.173, 24.496; dat. ἰῇ 9.319, 11.174, etc.: neut. dat. (ἰῷ κίον ἤματι) 6.422. (In Com. οὐδὲ (μηδὲ) εἷς, οὐδὲ (μηδὲ) ἕν, occur, mostly at the end of an iambic trimeter, without elision, Cratin. 302, Ar. Ra. 927, Pl. 37, 138,al.) (Orig. ἕνς, assim. ἔν (δ) prob. in Leg.Gort. 9.50, from Εμς, I.-Eur. sem -(cf. ὁμός); μία from sm - ία; ἴα is not related to μία, but prob. to pronom. stem i -(Lat. is), cf. ἰός.) 1 as a Numeral, εἷς κοίρανος
εἷς, μία, ἐν, genitive ἑνός, μιᾶς, ἑνός, a cardinal numeral, one. Used:
1. universally,
a. in opposed to many; and α. added to nouns after the manner of an adjective: Matthew 25:15 (opposed to πέντε δύο); Romans 5:12 (opposed to πάντες); Matthew 20:13; Matthew 27:15; Luke 17:34 (but L WH brackets); Acts 28:13; 1 Corinthians 10:8; James 4:13 (R G), and often; παρά μίαν namely, πληγήν (Winers Grammar, 589 (548); Buttmann, 82 (72)), save one (Winer's Grammar, § 49, g.), 2 Corinthians 11:24; with the article, ὁ εἰς ἄνθρωπος, the one man, of whom I have spoken, Romans 5:15. β. substantively, with a partitive genitive — to denote one, whichever it may be: μίαν τῶν ἐντολῶν, one commandment, whichever of the whole number it may be, Matthew 5:19; add, Matthew 6:29; Matthew 18:6; Mark 9:42; Luke 12:27; Luke 17:2, 22; or, that one is required to be singled out from a certain number: Luke 23:39; John 19:34, etc. followed by ἐκ with the genitive of a noun signifying a whole, to denote that one of (out of) a company did this or that: Matthew 22:35; Matthew 26:21; Matthew 27:48; Mark 14:18; Luke 17:15; John 1:40 (
b. in opposed to a division into parts, and in ethical matters to dissensions: ἐν σῶμα πολλά μέλη, Romans 12:4; 1 Corinthians 12:12, 20; ἐν εἶναι, to be united most closely (in will, spirit), John 10:30; John 17:11, 21-23; ἐν ἑνί πνεύματι, μία ψυχή, Philippians 1:27 cf. Acts 4:32 (cf. Cicero, Lael. 25 (92)amicitiae vis est in eo, ut unus quasi animus fiat ex pluribus); ἀπό μιᾶς (see ἀπό, III., p. 59{b}), Luke 14:18.
c. with a negative following joined to the verb, εἰς ... οὐ or μή (one ... not, i. e.) no one, (more explicit and emphatic than οὐδείς): ἐν ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐ πεσεῖται, Matthew 10:29; besides, Matthew 5:18; Luke 11:46; Luke 12:6; this usage is not only Hebraistic (as that language has no particular word to express the notion of none), but also Greek (Aristophanes ecclesiastical 153: thesm. 549; Xenophon, an. 5, 6, 12; Dionysius Halicarnassus, verb. comp. 18, etc.), cf. Winers Grammar, 172 (163); (Buttmann, 121 (106)).
2. emphatically, so that others are excluded, and εἰς is the same as 2. a single (Latinunus equivalent tounicus); joined to nouns: Matthew 21:24; Mark 8:14 (οὐκ ... εἰ μή ἕνα ἄρτον); Mark 12:6; Luke 12:52; John 11:50; John 7:21; 1 Corinthians 12:19; Ephesians 4:5, etc.; absolutely: 1 Corinthians 9:24; 2 Corinthians 5:14 (15); 1 Timothy 2:5; James 4:12, etc.; οὐδέ εἰς, not even one: Matthew 27:14; John 1:3; Acts 4:32; Romans 3:10; 1 Corinthians 6:5 (R G); οὐκ ἐστιν ἕως ἑνός (there is not so much as one), Romans 3:12 from Psalm 13:3
b. alone: οὐδείς ... εἰ μή εἰς ὁ Θεός, Mark 2:7 (for which in Luke 5:21 μόνος ὁ Θεός); Mark 10:18; Luke 18:19.
c. one and the same (not at variance with, in accord with oneself): Romans 3:30; Revelation 17:13, 17 (L omits);
3. the numerical force of εἰς is often so weakened that it hardly differs from the indefinite pronoun τίς, or from our indefinite article (Winers Grammar, 117 (111) (cf. 29 note 2; Buttmann, 85 (74))): Matthew 8:19 εἰς γραμματεύς);
4. it is used distributively (Winers Grammar, § 26, 2; especially Buttmann, 102 (90));
a. εἰς ... καί εἰς, one ... and one: Matthew 17:4; Matthew 20:21; Matthew 24:40 L T Tr WH,
b. εἰς ἕκαστος, everyone: Acts 2:6; Acts 20:31; Ephesians 4:16; Colossians 4:6; followed by a partitive genitive: Luke 4:40; Luke 16:5; Acts 2:3; Acts 17:27; Acts 21:26; 1 Corinthians 12:18; Ephesians 4:7; 1 Thessalonians 2:11; cf. Buttmann, 102f (89f); ἀνά εἰς ἕκαστος (see ἀνά, 2), Revelation 21:21.
c. a solecism, common in later Greek (cf. Lucian, solace. (Pseudosoph.) § 9; Winers Grammar, § 37, 3; Buttmann, 30f (26f); Fritzsche on Mark, p. 613f; (Sophocles' Lexicon, under the word καθεῖς)), is καθ' εἰς, and in combination καθεῖς (so that either κατά is used adverbially, or εἰς as indeclinablc): ὁ καθ' εἰς, equivalent to εἰς ἕκαστος, Romans 12:5 (where L T Tr WH τό καθ', as respects each one, severally; cf. what is said against this reading by Fritzsche, commentary, iii., p. 44f, and in its favor by Meyer); with a partitive genitive 3Macc. 5:84; εἰς καθ' (T WH Tr marginal reading κατά) εἰς, everyone, one by one, Mark 14:19; John 8:9; καθ' ἕνα, καθ' ἕν (as in Greek writings), of a series, one by one, successively: καθ' ἐν, all in succession, John 21:25 (not Tdf.); καθ' ἕνα πάντες, 1 Corinthians 14:31 (Xenophon, venat. 6, 14); καθ' ἕν ἕκαστον, Acts 21:19 (Xenophon, Cyril 1, 6, 22 (27); Ages. 7, 1); ὑμεῖς οἱ καθ' ἕνα ἕκαστος, ye severally, every one, Ephesians 5:33.
5. like the Hebrew אֶחָד, εἰς is put for the ordinal πρῶτος, first (Winers Grammar, § 37, 1; Buttmann, 29 (26)): μία σαββάτων the first day of the week, Matthew 28:1; Mark 16:2; Luke 24:1; John 20:1, 19; Acts 20:7; 1 Corinthians 16:2 (L T Tr WH μία σαββάτου); (in Greek writings so used only when joined with other ordinal numbers, as εἷς καί τριηκοστος, Herodotus 5, 89: Diodorus 16. 71. Cicero, de senect. 5uno et octogesimo anna. (Cf. Sophocles Lexicon, under the word)).
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εἷς ,
ιά , ἕν , gen. ἑνός , μιᾶς , ἑνός ,
cardinal numeral, one;
1. one, as opp. to many: Matthew 25:15, Romans 5:12, 1 Corinthians 10:8, al.; as subst., Romans 5:15, Ephesians 2:14; id. c. gen. partit., Matthew 5:19, al.; seq. ἐκ (ἐξ ), Mark 14:18, John 6:8, al.; metaph., of union and concord, John 10:30; John 17:11, Romans 12:4-5, Philippians 1:27; ἀπὸ μιᾶς (B1., § 44, 1), Luke 14:18; c. neg., εἷς . . . οὐ (μή ), more emphatic than οὐδείς , no one, none (cl.), Matthew 5:18; Matthew 10:29, Luke 11:46; Luke 12:6.
2. Emphatically, to the exclusion of others;
(a) a single (one): Matthew 21:24, Mark 8:14; absol., 1 Corinthians 9:24, al.; οὐδὲ εἷς , Matthew 27:14, John 1:3, Romans 3:10, al.;
(b) one, alone: Mark 2:7; Mark 10:18, Luke 18:19;
(c) one and the same: Romans 3:30, 1 Corinthians 3:8; 1 Corinthians 11:5; 1 Corinthians 12:11, 1 John 5:8.
3. In late Gk., with weakened force, = τις or indef. art. (of. Heb. H259, Genesis 22:13, al.; v. B1., § 45, 2; M, Pr., 96 f.): Matthew 8:19; Matthew 19:6, Revelation 8:13, al.; εἷς τις (Bl., l.c.), Luke 22:50, John 11:49.
4. Distributively: εἷς καστος (cl.), Luke 4:40, Acts 2:6, al.; εἷς . . . καὶ εἷς (cl., εἷς μὲν . . . εἷς δέ ), Matthew 17:4, Mark 9:5, John 20:12, al. (cf. LXX and use of Heb. H259, Exodus 17:12, al); ὁ εἷς . . . ὁ ἕτερος (ἄλλος ) = cl. ὁ μὲν (ἕτερος ) . . . ὁ δέ (ἕτερος ), Matthew 6:24, Luke 7:41, Revelation 17:10; καθ᾿ εἷς , εἷς κ . είς (in which καθ᾿ is adverbial, or the expression formed from the analogy of ἕν καθ᾿ ἔν ; M, Pr., 105), one by one, severally: Mark 14:19, Romans 12:5, al.; εἷς τὸν ἕνα = ἀλλήλους (B1., 45, 2; M, Pr., 246), 1 Thessalonians 5:11.
5. As ordinal = πρῶτος (like Heb. H259; Bl., § 45, 1; M, Pr., 95 f.), first: Matthew 28:1, Mark 16:2, al.
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P Oxy VIII. 1153.14 (i/A.D.) καρποδέσμια μ ̣ικτὰ δύο, ἓν μὲν σανδύκινον καὶ ἓν πορφυροῦν, ";two variegated (?) wristbands, one scarlet and one purple"; (Ed.). For εἷς as an ordinal see BGU II. 623.4 (ii/iii A.D.) τῇ μιᾷ καὶ εἰκάιδι (l. εἰκάδι) τοῦ Ἐπίφ, and the full discussion of this vernacular Greek usage in Proleg. p. 95 f. In P Giss I. 19.10 (ii/A.D.) τῆι α ̄ [ἡμέρᾳ ] τοῦ νέου ἔτους : does the α ̄ help the substitution of μιᾷ for πρώτῃ ? Εἷς with a partit. gen. may be illustrated from the iv/A.D. Christian letter P Heid 6.18 (= Selections, p. 126) εἶς γὰρ ἰμεὶ (l. εἰμὶ) τῶν ἁμαρτουλον. The usage of εἷς = τις, as in Matthew 8:19, Luke 5:12; Luke 5:17 al., is well established, without any necessity of postulating Semitic influence (as Blass Gr. p. 144, WSchm. p. 243), e.g. P Amh II. 30.28 (ii/B.C.) Κονδύλου ἑνὸς τῶν ἁλιείων (sc. προσκληθέντος), BGU IV. 1044.6 (iv/A.D.) ἑνὸς (l. εἷς) λεγόμενον ̣ (l. —ος) Φαῆσις : cf. Proleg. p. 97, where the use of ὁ εἶς in Mark 14:10 is also paralleled from early papyri, as P Par 15.50 (B.C. 120) τὸν ἕνα αὐτῶν Ὧρον, 54 τοῦ ἑνὸς τῶν ἐγκαλουμένων Νεχουθοῦ, P Tebt II. 357.10 (A.D. 197) τοῦ το [ῦ ] ἑνὸς αὐτῶν Κρονίω [ν ]ος πατρός. Add. ib. 1 138 (late ii/B.C.) ὁ εἷς τῶν προγεγραμμένων Ὀννῶφρις, P Oxy VII. 1032.56 (A.D. 162) διὰ τοῦ ἑνὸς ἡμῶν Ἀμμωνίου ἐπιδεδώκαμεν. In P Oxy VI. 940.6 (V/A.D.) τὸν δὲ Φοιβάμμωνα τὸν φροντιστὴν μεταστειλάμενος ἔχε ἐγγὺς σοῦ μίαν μίαν, we seem at first sight to have an instance of the distributive use of εἶς, but, as the editors point out in their note, the context shows clearly that μίαν μίαν is here = ";together."; We may have a Semitism in the curious repetition εἷς καὶ εἷ [ς ] καὶ εἷς ἐν τόποις καὶ τόποις in P Amh I. 1xii. 14 f.—the Greek fragment of the Ascension of Isaiah. With John 11:52 cf. P Oxy XII. 1411.3 (A.D. 260) τῶν δημοσίων εἰς ἓν συναχθέντων. For the phrase τὸ καθ᾽ ἕν, cf. P Lille I. 11.8 (mid. iii/B.C.) where certain particulars regarding grain used by pastophori are headed—ἔστιν δὲ τὸ καθ᾽ ἕν, ";this is the list in detail,"; and similarly P Ryl II. 65.9 (B.C. 67?) ὧν τὸ καθ᾽ ἓν ἐπὶ τῆς [ἐ ]σομένης [διεξα ]γωγῆς σημανθήσεται, ";the details of which will appear in the forthcoming inquiry"; (Edd.), ib. 127.15 (A.D. 29) ἤροσαν τῶν ἐμῶν ὧν τὸ καθ᾽ ἓν ὑπόκειται, ";they carried off property of mine of which a list is appended"; (Edd.). In ib. 233.10 (ii/A.D.) ὑφ᾽ ἓν γεγραμμένον = ";written continuously"; of an account. We may also note P Amh II. 87.21 (A.D. 125) ἐποίσεις μοι μέτρησιν μίαν Ἀθηναίῳ ἀντὶ μιᾶς δοχικῷ with reference to the measurement of artabae of wheat, the meaning of the phrase apparently being that half the artabae were to be on the standard of Athens and half on the δοχικόν standard : see the editors’ note, and cf. P Oxy IV. 740.17 (c. A.D. 200), P Strass I. 26.13 (iii/A.D.) al. Amongst the inscrr. in the Graeco-Roman Museum at Alexandria one, Preisigke 2685, bears the words—Εἷς θεός. See also P Leid Wvi. 46 (ii/iii A.D.) αὐθέντα ἥλιε, ὁ ὑπ᾽ αὐτὸν τὸν ἕνα καὶ μόνον τεταγμένος. MGr has ἕνας, μιά, ἕνα (ν).
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