Bible Lexicons

εἷς ,

ιά , ἕν , gen. ἑνός , μιᾶς , ἑνός ,

cardinal numeral, one;

1. one, as opp. to many: Matthew 25:15, Romans 5:12, 1 Corinthians 10:8, al.; as subst., Romans 5:15, Ephesians 2:14; id. c. gen. partit., Matthew 5:19, al.; seq. ἐκ (ἐξ ), Mark 14:18, John 6:8, al.; metaph., of union and concord, John 10:30; John 17:11, Romans 12:4-5, Philippians 1:27; ἀπὸ μιᾶς (B1., § 44, 1), Luke 14:18; c. neg., εἷς . . . οὐ (μή ), more emphatic than οὐδείς , no one, none (cl.), Matthew 5:18; Matthew 10:29, Luke 11:46; Luke 12:6.

2. Emphatically, to the exclusion of others;

(a) a single (one): Matthew 21:24, Mark 8:14; absol., 1 Corinthians 9:24, al.; οὐδὲ εἷς , Matthew 27:14, John 1:3, Romans 3:10, al.;

(b) one, alone: Mark 2:7; Mark 10:18, Luke 18:19;

(c) one and the same: Romans 3:30, 1 Corinthians 3:8; 1 Corinthians 11:5; 1 Corinthians 12:11, 1 John 5:8.

3. In late Gk., with weakened force, = τις or indef. art. (of. Heb. H259, Genesis 22:13, al.; v. B1., § 45, 2; M, Pr., 96 f.): Matthew 8:19; Matthew 19:6, Revelation 8:13, al.; εἷς τις (Bl., l.c.), Luke 22:50, John 11:49.

4. Distributively: εἷς καστος (cl.), Luke 4:40, Acts 2:6, al.; εἷς . . . καὶ εἷς (cl., εἷς μὲν . . . εἷς δέ ), Matthew 17:4, Mark 9:5, John 20:12, al. (cf. LXX and use of Heb. H259, Exodus 17:12, al); ὁ εἷς . . . ὁ ἕτερος (ἄλλος ) = cl. ὁ μὲν (ἕτερος ) . . . ὁ δέ (ἕτερος ), Matthew 6:24, Luke 7:41, Revelation 17:10; καθ᾿ εἷς , εἷς κ . είς (in which καθ᾿ is adverbial, or the expression formed from the analogy of ἕν καθ᾿ ἔν ; M, Pr., 105), one by one, severally: Mark 14:19, Romans 12:5, al.; εἷς τὸν ἕνα = ἀλλήλους (B1., 45, 2; M, Pr., 246), 1 Thessalonians 5:11.

5. As ordinal = πρῶτος (like Heb. H259; Bl., § 45, 1; M, Pr., 95 f.), first: Matthew 28:1, Mark 16:2, al.

P Oxy VIII. 1153.14 (i/A.D.) καρποδέσμια μ ̣ικτὰ δύο, ἓν μὲν σανδύκινον καὶ ἓν πορφυροῦν, ";two variegated (?) wristbands, one scarlet and one purple"; (Ed.). For εἷς as an ordinal see BGU II. 623.4 (ii/iii A.D.) τῇ μιᾷ καὶ εἰκάιδι (l. εἰκάδι) τοῦ Ἐπίφ, and the full discussion of this vernacular Greek usage in Proleg. p. 95 f. In P Giss I. 19.10 (ii/A.D.) τῆι α ̄ [ἡμέρᾳ ] τοῦ νέου ἔτους : does the α ̄ help the substitution of μιᾷ for πρώτῃ ? Εἷς with a partit. gen. may be illustrated from the iv/A.D. Christian letter P Heid 6.18 (= Selections, p. 126) εἶς γὰρ ἰμεὶ (l. εἰμὶ) τῶν ἁμαρτουλον. The usage of εἷς = τις, as in Matthew 8:19, Luke 5:12; Luke 5:17 al., is well established, without any necessity of postulating Semitic influence (as Blass Gr. p. 144, WSchm. p. 243), e.g. P Amh II. 30.28 (ii/B.C.) Κονδύλου ἑνὸς τῶν ἁλιείων (sc. προσκληθέντος), BGU IV. 1044.6 (iv/A.D.) ἑνὸς (l. εἷς) λεγόμενον ̣ (l. —ος) Φαῆσις : cf. Proleg. p. 97, where the use of ὁ εἶς in Mark 14:10 is also paralleled from early papyri, as P Par 15.50 (B.C. 120) τὸν ἕνα αὐτῶν Ὧρον, 54 τοῦ ἑνὸς τῶν ἐγκαλουμένων Νεχουθοῦ, P Tebt II. 357.10 (A.D. 197) τοῦ το [ῦ ] ἑνὸς αὐτῶν Κρονίω [ν ]ος πατρός. Add. ib. 1 138 (late ii/B.C.) ὁ εἷς τῶν προγεγραμμένων Ὀννῶφρις, P Oxy VII. 1032.56 (A.D. 162) διὰ τοῦ ἑνὸς ἡμῶν Ἀμμωνίου ἐπιδεδώκαμεν. In P Oxy VI. 940.6 (V/A.D.) τὸν δὲ Φοιβάμμωνα τὸν φροντιστὴν μεταστειλάμενος ἔχε ἐγγὺς σοῦ μίαν μίαν, we seem at first sight to have an instance of the distributive use of εἶς, but, as the editors point out in their note, the context shows clearly that μίαν μίαν is here = ";together."; We may have a Semitism in the curious repetition εἷς καὶ εἷ [ς ] καὶ εἷς ἐν τόποις καὶ τόποις in P Amh I. 1xii. 14 f.—the Greek fragment of the Ascension of Isaiah. With John 11:52 cf. P Oxy XII. 1411.3 (A.D. 260) τῶν δημοσίων εἰς ἓν συναχθέντων. For the phrase τὸ καθ᾽ ἕν, cf. P Lille I. 11.8 (mid. iii/B.C.) where certain particulars regarding grain used by pastophori are headed—ἔστιν δὲ τὸ καθ᾽ ἕν, ";this is the list in detail,"; and similarly P Ryl II. 65.9 (B.C. 67?) ὧν τὸ καθ᾽ ἓν ἐπὶ τῆς [ἐ ]σομένης [διεξα ]γωγῆς σημανθήσεται, ";the details of which will appear in the forthcoming inquiry"; (Edd.), ib. 127.15 (A.D. 29) ἤροσαν τῶν ἐμῶν ὧν τὸ καθ᾽ ἓν ὑπόκειται, ";they carried off property of mine of which a list is appended"; (Edd.). In ib. 233.10 (ii/A.D.) ὑφ᾽ ἓν γεγραμμένον = ";written continuously"; of an account. We may also note P Amh II. 87.21 (A.D. 125) ἐποίσεις μοι μέτρησιν μίαν Ἀθηναίῳ ἀντὶ μιᾶς δοχικῷ with reference to the measurement of artabae of wheat, the meaning of the phrase apparently being that half the artabae were to be on the standard of Athens and half on the δοχικόν standard : see the editors’ note, and cf. P Oxy IV. 740.17 (c. A.D. 200), P Strass I. 26.13 (iii/A.D.) al. Amongst the inscrr. in the Graeco-Roman Museum at Alexandria one, Preisigke 2685, bears the words—Εἷς θεός. See also P Leid Wvi. 46 (ii/iii A.D.) αὐθέντα ἥλιε, ὁ ὑπ᾽ αὐτὸν τὸν ἕνα καὶ μόνον τεταγμένος. MGr has ἕνας, μιά, ἕνα (ν).