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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #1124 - γραφή
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γρᾰφ-ή, ἡ,
representation by means of lines: hence,
I
1. drawing, delineation, Hdt. 4.36; κατὰ γραφήν in outline, cj. in Pl. Smp. 193a; also of painting, γραφῇ κοσμέειν Hdt. 3.24; εἰκὼν γραφῇ εἰκασμένη Id. 2.182; the art of drawing or painting, Pl. Plt. 277c, Ti. 19b.
2. that which is drawn or painted, drawing, picture, ὅσον γραφῇ only in a picture, Hdt. 2.73; πρέπουσά θ' ὡς ἐν γραφαῖς A. Ag. 242 (lyr.); σπόγγος ὤλεσεν γραφήν ib. 1329; μήτε ἄγαλμα μήτε γ. Arist. Pol. 1336b15; also of embroidery, A. Ch. 232; γραφαὶ ἀπὸ κερκίδος Philostr. Im. 2.5.
3. γ. παρειῶν painting, rouging the cheeks, Id. 22.
II
1. writing or the art of writing, Pl. Phdr. 274b, etc.: pl., αἱ γ. τῶν δικῶν the registration of.., Arist. Pol. 1321b36; γραφαὶ περὶ συμμαχίας, of treaties, ib. 1280a40.
2. that which is written, writing, S. Tr. 683, Agatho 4: hence, of various written documents, letter, Th. 1.129: also in pl., E. IT 735; ψευδεῖς γ. spurious documents, ap. D. 18.55 (but in E. Hipp. 1311 false statements); of published writings, τῶν φιλοσόφων Phld. Ir. p.73 W., cf. D.H. Orat.Vett. 4; ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ γ. in the first book, Epicur. Nat.Herc. 1431.16; written law, Pl. Lg. 934c; contract, PAmh. 2.43.13 (ii B. C.): pl., copies of judgements delivered in court, IG 12(2).526d8 (Eresos). catalogue, list, return, ἱερῶν PTeb. 88.2 (ii B. C.); τοῦ κατ' ἄνδρα OGI 179.21 (Egypt, i B. C.); τὰς κατ' ἄνδρα γραφάς PTeb. 27.7 (ii B. C.), etc.; price-list, D.S. 1.91. inscription, Th. 1.134, IG 12(5).679 (Syros), Epigr.Gr. 347 (Cios), D.C. 37.21. MS. reading, Str. 1.2.25, Gal. 15.430, Alex.Aphr. in Sens. 9.29, Herm. in Phdr. p.154A., etc.
3. the Holy Scripture, Aristeas 155, 2 Peter 1:20 : pl., Ph. 1.18, J. Revelation 2:4, Matthew 21:42, al.: also in sg., of a particular passage, Acts 8:32, al.
4. γ. φαρμάκου medical prescription, Gal. 12.293, 13.638, 15.918.
5. record-office, archive, IG 11(2).203 B 101 (Delos, iii B. C.).
III (γράφομαι) as law-term,
1 bill of indictment in a public prosecution, λέγε, τὴν γ. αὐτὴν λαβών D. 18.53.
2. criminal prosecution in the interest of the state (cf. Poll. 8.41), γραφὴν ὕβρεως καὶ δίκην κακηγορίας ἰδίαν φεύξεται Id. 21.32, cf. Lys. 1.44, Isa 11.28, etc.; γραφὴν γράφεσθαι Pl. Lg. 929e, etc.; γρ. γ. τινά Id. Euthphr. 2b, etc.; γ. ἀπενεγκεῖν Aeschin. 3.217; γραφήν τινος διώκειν τινά D. 19.293; πολλὰς γ. διώξας οὐδεμίαν εἷλεν Antipho 2.1.5; γραφὴν ἁλῶναι Id. 2.2.9; γ. κατασκευάζειν κατά τινος, ἐπί τινα, D. 21.103, 22.2; γ. εἰσέρχεσθαι, εἰσιέναι, appear before the court in a public prosecution, either as prosecutor or prosecuted, Id. 18.105.
3. generally, an ordinary public action, opp. to special forms (such as εἰσαγγελία, εὔθυναι, etc.), γραφάς, εὐθύνας, εἰσαγγελίας, πάντα ταῦτ' ἐπαγόντων μοι D. 18.249, cf. X. Ath. 3.2, Lys. 16.12.
γραφή , -ῆς , ἡ
(< γράφω ),
[in LXX chiefly for H3791;]
1. a drawing, painting.
2. (a) writing;
(b) that which is written, a writing: πᾶσα γ ., 2 Timothy 3:16; γ . ἅγιαι , Romans 1:2; προφητικαί , Romans 16:26; αἱ γ . τ . προφητῶν , Matthew 26:56; ἡ γ ., αἱ γ ., the sacred writings, the Scriptures (i.e. the OT; v. Milligan, NTD, 205); in pl., when the sacred writings as a whole are meant, e.g. Matthew 21:42; Matthew 26:54, John 5:39, Romans 15:4; in sing., when a particular passage is referred to, as in Luke 4:21, John 19:24, Romans 4:3; Romans 9:17; Romans 10:11; Romans 11:2, James 2:23 (Cremer, 165; DCG, ii, 584).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
P Hib I. 78.18 (B.C. 244–3) γράψο (i.e. -ομ , for -ον ) μοι καὶ ὅπως [ἀπο ]λήμψει τὴν γραφὴν παρὰ Δωρίωνος ἄνευ ἐμοῦ , ";write to me and get the document from Dorion without me"; (Edd.), P Amh II. 43.13 (B.C. 173) ἡ πρᾶξις . . . κατὰ τὴν γραφήν , ";the right of execution in accordance with the contract,"; show this word already beginning to have a quasi-official sense. It is common = ";list,"; ";register,"; as in one view of P Lond 911.1 (A.D. 149) (= III. p. 126, Selections, p. 80) ἀντίγραφον γραφῆς ἀπόρων : here however see above, s.v. ἀπορέω . Other examples are P Tebt I. 88.2 (B.C. 115–4) γραφὴν ἱερῶν καὶ πρ [οφ ]ητηῶν καὶ ἡμερῶν τῶν ὑπαρ [χ ]όντων περὶ τὴν κώμην —the edd. wish to add καὶ after ἡμερῶν . Similarly ib. II. 298.9 (A.D. 107–8) γραφὴι ἱε [ρ ]έων , ";a return of priests,"; P Oxy IX. 1189.9 (c. A.D. 117) περὶ γραφῆς τῶν τοῖς [Ἰ ]ουδαίοις ὑπαρξάντων , ";a list of property which belonged to the Jews,"; P Amh II. 124.1 (iii/A.D.) γραφὴ τῶν . . . παλαιστροφυλάκων , ";a list of guards of the palæstra,"; and from the inscriptions OGIS 179.21 (B.C. 95) τὴν κατακειμένην ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἀνικήτου ἐν τῶι ἱερῶι γραφὴν τοῦ κατ᾽ ἄνδρα . In the early OGIS 8.125 (iv/B.C.) ταῖς γράφαις εἰσ [κομίζοισ ]ι εἰς τὰν ἐκκλησίαν , Dittenberger understands γραφή = ";accusatio,"; according to the meaning common in Athenian law.
Γραφή is found with reference to Holy Scripture in Aristeas 155, 168. With the NT formulas in James 2:8, 1 Corinthians 15:3 f., cf. BGU I. 136.10 (A.D. 135) κατὰ γραφάς with reference to the laws. A technical use of γραφή in scholiasts illustrates the Biblical sense : see T. W. Allen’s quotations in CQ ii. p. 216 f., as οὕτως ἔν τισιν Ἡρωδιανός · ἡ δὲ γραφὴ ";τόνδε τέ μ᾽ανδρα ,"; ";so Herodian in some places, but the traditional text reads τόνδε κτλ ."; In MGr γραφή = ";writing, a letter.";
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Week of Proper 14 / Ordinary 19