Bible Encyclopedias
Reinach

• Journal des Débats, Nov. 21, 1802;
• La Grande Encyclopédic, s. Panama.

Joseph Reinach:

French author and statesman; born in Paris Sept. 83, 1856; son of Hermann Joseph Reinach and Julie Büding. He was educated at the Lycée Condorcet and the Faculté de Droit. He was admitted to the bar of Paris in 1877. His first publication was a political and historical work entitled "La Serbie et le Monténégro," while his studies in foreign politics, published in the "Revue Bleue," attracted the attention of Léon Gambetta. He was a contributor to the "République Française" and the "Dix-Neuvième Siècle," and was prosecuted by the government of May 16, 1877, for his pamphlet "La, République ou le Gâchis." On his return from a mission in the East he wrote '"Voyage en Orient" (2 vols., Paris, 1879). For a short time in 1881-82 he was the "directeur du cabinet" of Léon Gambetta, president of the council of ministers, and, after Gambetta's death, as the political editor of the "République Française" from 1886 to 1893, he energetically opposed the Boulanger movement.

In 1889 Reinach was elected deputy for Digne, department of the Basses-Alpes, and was reelected in 1893; but five years later he lost both his seat as deputy and his rank as captain in the territorial army on account of his prominence in the Dreyfus case (1898). Until 1900, in Public meetings as well as in the columns of the "Siècle", he was one of the first to advocate a revision of the trial, and consequentlywas constantly attacked by the opponents of Dreyfus.

Reinach was named chevalier of the Legion of Honor in 1886. He is the author of numerous articles in the "Revue des Deux Mondes," the "Grande Revue," the "Revue Britannique," and other periodicals, and has contributed to the "Nineteenth Century" and the "Athenæum."

Reinach wrote also the following works: "Du Rétablissement du Scrutin de Liste" (Paris, 1880); "Les Récidivistes" (1882); "Léon Gambetta" (1884); "Le Ministère Gambetta, Histoire et Doctrine" (1884); "Le Ministère Clémenceau" (1885); "Les Lois de la République" (1885-86); "Traduction de la Logique Parlementaire de Hamilton" (1886); "Les Petites Catilinaires," a collection of articles against Boulanger and his policy (3 vols., 1889); "Essais de Littérature et d'Histoire" (1889); "La Politique Opportuniste" (1890); "La France et l'Italie Devant l'Histoire" (1893); "Mon Compte Rendu" (a collection of his principal speeches, 1893); "Diderot" (1894); "Pages Républicaines" (1894); "L'Eloquence in Française Depuis la Révolution Française Jusqu'à Nos Jours" (1894); "Démagogues et Socialistes" (1895); "L'Education Politique, Histoire d'un Idéal" (1896); "Manuel de l'Enseignement Primaire" and "Essais de Politique et d'Histoire" (1898).

His contributions to the literature of the Dreyfus case are as follows: "Une Erreur Judiciaire sous Louis XIV.; Raphael Lévy" (1898); "Vers la Justice par la Vérité" (1898); "Le Crépuscule des Traîtres" (1899); "Tout le Crime" (1900); "Les Blés d'Hiver" (1901); and "Histoire de l'Affaire Dreyfus" (4 vols.; the fifth in preparation). He edited also "Les Discours de Gambetta" (11 vols.), "Les Discours et les Dépêches de Gambetta Pendant la Guerre Franco-Allemande" (2 vols.), and "Les Discours de Challemel-Lacour."

Solomon Reinach:

French philologist and archeologist; born at St.-Germain-en-Laye Aug. 29, 1858; brother of Joseph and Théodore Reinach; educated at the Lycée Condorcet and at the Ecole Normale Supérieure (1876-79). While a member of the Ecole Française d'Athènes (1879-82) he made discoveries of much interest at Myrina, near Smyrna, in the Archipelago, and along the coast of Asia Minor. In 1886 he became a member of the staff of the Museum of National Antiquities at St.-Germain, and was deputy professor of national archeology at the Ecole du Louvre from 1890 to 1892 and assistant curator of the National Museums in the following year; he was elected titular member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres three years later. He is an officer of public instruction and an officer of the Legion of Honor.

Reinach is the author of the following works: translation of Schopenhauer's "Ueber den Willen in der Natur" (Paris, 1877); "Manuel de Philologie Classique" (2 vols., 1883-84); "Traité d'Epigraphie Grecque" (1885); "Précis de Grammaire Latine" (1885); "Recherches Archéologiques en Tunisie en 1883-84" (in collaboration with E. Babelon; 1886); "La Colonne Trajane au Musée de Saint-Germain" (1886); "Terres Cuites et Autres Antiquités Trouvées dans la Nécropole de Myrina" (1886) and "La Nécropole de Myrina" (2 vols., 1887)—both in collaboration with E. Pottier; "Esquisses Archéologiques" (1888); "Description Raisonnée du Musée de Saint-Germain" (1889); "L'Histoire du Travail en Gaule à l'Exposition de 1889" (1890); "Antiquités de la Russie Méridionale" (in collaboration with Kondakov and Tolstoi; 1891-92); "Bibliothèque des Monuments Figurés" (4 vols.; 1888-95); "Chroniques d'Orient" (2 vols., 1891-96); "L'Origine des Aryens" (1892); "Les Celtes dans les Vallées du Pô et du Danube" (1894); "Répertoire de la Statuaire Grecque et Romaine" (3 vols., 1897-1904); "Répertoire des Vases Grecs et Etrusques" (1899); "Guide Illustré du Musée National de Saint-Germain" (1899); "Apollo" (a general history of art; 1904); "Cultes, Mythes et Religions" (1904). He edited also Tissot's "Exploration Scientifique de la Tunisie, Géographie et Atlas de la Province Romaine d'Afrique" (2 vols., 1888).

Reinach's active interest in Judaism is shown by the fact that he is the vice-president of the central committee of the Alliance Israélite Universelle and a shareholder and member of the committee of the Jewish Colonization Association; he has also been the president of the Société des Etudes Juives, to whose review he has contributed a number of articles on Judaism.

Théodore Reinach:

French scholar; born at St.-Germain-en-Laye July 3, 1860; brother of Joseph and Solomon Reinach. He was educated at the Lycée Condorect, the Ecole des Hautes Etudes, and the Ecole des Sciences Politiques, and has taken up, in turn, the study of law, history, and classical archeology. He was a member of the bar of Paris from 1881 to 1886. In 1890 he was sent on an archeological mission to Constantinople, and from 1894 to 1896 he delivered a course of public lectures on ancient numismatics under the auspices of the Faculté des Lettres of Paris. Since 1903 he has been professor at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes Sociales, where he lectures on the history of religion. He has been editor of the "Revue des Etudes Grecques" since 1888. His article "Judæi" in the "Dictionnaire des Antiquités Grecques et Romaines" and his "Juifs" in "La Grande Encyclopédie" deserve mention.

Reinach is the author of the following works: "De la Purge des Hypothèques Légales Non Inscrites"; "De la Vente des Immeubles du Bailli" (Paris, 1880); a translation (prose and verse) of "Hamlet" (1880); "Histoire des Israélites Depuis Leur Dispersion Jusqu'à Nos Jours" (1885; 2d ed., 1901, 3d ed., 1903); "De l'Etat de Siège et Institutions de Salut Public à Rome, en France, et dans la Législation Comparée" (1885); "Les Monnaies Juives" (1887; English transl. by Hill, 1903); "Trois Royaumes de l'Asie Mineure, Cappadoce, Bithynie, Pont" (1888); "Do Archia Poeta" (1890); "Mithridate Eupator, Roi de Pont" (1890; German transl. 1894); "Recueil des Inscriptions Juridiques Grecques" (in collaboration with Dareste and Haussoullier; 1890-1904); the first French translation of Aristotle's Πολιτεία Ἀϑηναίων (1891); a transcription of the Delphic hymn to Apollo discovered by the Ecole Française d'Athènes; "Une Nécropole Royale à Sidon" (1892-96); "Poèmes Choisis de Bacchylide"(in collaboration with E. d'Eichthal, 1898); "Textes d'Auteurs Grecs et Romains Relatifs au Judaïsme" (1895); a translation and edition (in collaboration with H. Weil) of Plutarch's "De Musica," (1900); "L'Histoire par les Monnaies" (1902); "Catalogue Général des Monnaies Grecques de l'Asie Mineure, Commencé par Waddington" (in collaboration with E. Babelon; 1st vol., 1904).

Reinach is the editor of a French translation of the complete works of Josephus, of which three volumes have appeared (1900-4). He is a member of the committee of the Jewish schools of Paris, and in 1899 was president of the Société des Etudes Juives. He is a chevalier of the Legion of Honor.