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Sunday, December 22nd, 2024
the Fourth Week of Advent
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Persepolis
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
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pẽr - sep´ṓ - lis ( 2 Maccabees 9:2; Περσέπολις , Persépolis , Περσαίπολις , Persaı́polis , in Ptolemy Περσόπολις , Persópolis ; original Persian name unknown; Pahlavı̄ Stakhr , now Iṣtakhr and Chihil Minār , "Forty Turrets"):
1. Location:
The ruins of Persepolis lie about 35 miles Northeast of Shiraz and some 40 miles South of the ruins of Pasargadae.
2. History:
The magnificent palace of which such striking remains are still visible ( Takht i Jamshı̄d ) was built by Darius and Xerxes of white marble and black stone. The city was captured, pillaged and burnt by Alexander in 324 BC, most of the inhabitants being massacred or enslaved. Much of the treasure of the Persian kings was found there. Curtius says the palace was never rebuilt. Antioehus Epiphanes (166 BC) tried but failed to plunder the temple (of Anaitis, Anihita?) there ( 2 Maccabees 9:2; perhaps this is the incident referred to in 1 Maccabees 6:1 ff, and Polyb. xxxi. 11). At Persepolis were the sepulchers of the Achemenian kings (except Cyrus). Long and important inscriptions of Darius and Xerxes are found at Persepolis and the neighboring Naqsh i Rustam, in cuneiform characters and in the Aehaemenian Persian, Assyrian and neo-Susian tongues (published by Spiegel, Rawlinson and Weisbaeh). Clitarehus first among Europeans mentions the city. The writer of this article visited it in 1892. Not now inhabited.
Literature.
Inscriptions (as above), Arrian, Curtius, Polybius, Pliny, Diod. Siculus, medieval and modern travelers.
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Bibliography Information
Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. Entry for 'Persepolis'. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/isb/p/persepolis.html. 1915.
