The official title, since the ist of January 1801, of the political unity composed of England and Wales, Scotland and Ireland. "Great Britain" was employed as a formal designation from the time of the union of the kingdoms of England and Scotland in 1707. Although the name (which apparently had its origin in Britannia Major, the name given to the island to distinguish it from Britannia Minor or Brittany) had, in earlier times, been often used both by English and by foreign writers, especially for rhetorical and poetical purposes, it was not till after the accession of James I. that it became a recognized part of the royal style. Its adoption was due to the king himself, who was anxious to give expression to the fact that he was sovereign of the undivided island, and not only of England or Scotland. As early as 1559 the Scottish congregation had formally proposed 1 See also Britain; British Empire; England; Ireland; Scotland; Wales; &C.
Year.
Revenue.
Expenditure.
Proportion
of per head.
per head.
s. d.
1861
70,283,674
72,792,059
2 8 io
1871
69,945,220
69,548,539
2 4 5
1881
81,872,354
80,938,990
2 7 I
1891
89,489,112
87,732,855
2 6 2
1901
130,384,684
183,592,264
3 2 10
1902
142,997,999
195,522,213
3 12 II
1903
151, 551, 698
184,483, 708 .
3 I I 6
1904
141,545,597
146,961,136
3 6 2
1905
143,370,404
141,956,497
3 6 4
1906
143,977,575
140,51 1 ,955
3 5 I I
1907
156,537,690
151,812,094
3 6 5
1908
151,578,295
152,292,395
3 5 0
1909
131,696,456
157,944,611
2 18 5
2 See Peerage. 3 See Representation and Parliament.
In separate articles throughout this Encyclopaedia the main subjects of interest in connexion with British institutions are fully dealt with; and it is only necessary here to give such details as are needed to supplement those given under the subjectheading. See Agriculture; Navy (also Ship and Ship-BUILDING); Education; English Finance; English History; Civil Ser Vice; National Debt; Police; Poor Law; &C. A separate section, however, is devoted to the army, the constitution of which in 1910 is described; the history is given under Army.
National Debt (q.v.).-The table on the preceding page shows the position of the national debt at quinquennial intervals during 1891-1910.
Area
A
sq. m.
Population.
1891.
1901.
England and Wales. .
58,324
29,002,525
32,527,843
Scotland
29,796
4, 02 5, 6 47
4,472,103
Ireland
32,531
4,704,750
4,458,775
Islands in the British seas .
302
147,842
150,370
Year.
England and
Wales.
Scotland.
Ireland.
United
Kingdom.
(a)
(b)
(a)
(b)
(a)
(b)
(a)
(b)
1896
2 4 2 ,7 6 4
1 5 . 7
30,270
14-2
23,055
10-2
296,089
15.0
1901
259,400
15 -9
31,387
14.0
22,564
10'2
3 1 3,35 1
15
1
1906
26 9,734
1 5' 6
33, 12 3
14.0
22 ,557
10 '3
3 2 5,4 1 4
14'9
1909
260,2J9
14.6
30,092
12 . 3
22,769
10'4
313,120
13.9
Year.
English and Welsh.
Scottish.
Irish.
Total.
1895
112,538
18,294
54,349
185,181
1898
90,679
15,570
34,395
140,644
1900
102,448
20,472
45,905
168,825
1904
175,733
37,445
58,285
271,435
1905
170,408
41,510
50,159
262,077
1906
219,765
53,162
52,210
325,137
Area and Population.-The United Kingdom has an area of 120,651 sq. m., and at the census of 1891 had a population of 37,732,922 and in 1901 of 41,458,721. If the islands in British seas are included, the area is increased to 120,953 sq. m., and the population to 41,609,091. The main divisions are as follows: Vital Statistics.-The following table institutes a comparison between the birth-rates per thousand of the population in the United Kingdom and certain other countries, at intervals (so far as possible) of five years, adding the figures for other years in specific years when there was a marked fluctuation: The number of marriages (a) and the proportion of persons married per thousand of the population ( b ) are thus shown: Emigration.-The following table shows the number of passengers, distinguishing English and Welsh, Scottish and Irish, who left the United Kingdom for extra-European countries in 1895, 1900 and 1905, and the total for 1909, and in certain other years in which the numbers show marked fluctuations: In 1909 the total number to British dominions was 163,594 and the total number to other extra-European countries was 125,167.
1881.
1886.
1891.
1896.
1901.
1905,
1906.
Russia in Europe
Hungary
Austria
Germany
Japan. .. ... .
Holland
Denmark .
Switzerland
UNITED KINGDOM ... .
47.8
42'9
37.5
37.0
25.6
35.o
32.2
29.8
32.5
(1882,
(1882,
5 0.4)
38.9)
4 6.5
45.6
38.1
37.0
27.3
34.6
32.4
27.8
31.5
(1889,
(1890,
3 0.2)
29.2)
48.8
42'3
38.3
37.0
26.7
. 33'7
31.0
28.2
30.4
(1892,
29.6)
49'7
40.5
38.0
36'3
30.0
32.7
30.5
28.1
29.0
47'9
37.8
36'6
35.7
32.7
32'3
29.7
29.1
28
o
-
-
33'7
33.0
30.6
-
-
27.4
-
-
36.0
-
-
-
30.4
28.5
26.8
England
Scotland
Ireland
33'9
33'7
24.5
32.8
32'9
23.2
(1890,
(1890,
(1890,
30.2)
30.4)
22.3)
31.4
31.2
23
I
(18 94,
(1892,
2 9.9)
22.5)
29.6
3 0
4
23.7
28.5
29'5
22'7
-
-
-
27.1
27.9
23.6
Norway
Sweden
Belgium .
France
30.6
29.1
31
8
24.9
31.2
29.8
29.9
23'9
30.9
28.3
30.0
22.6
30.2
27.2
29.0
22.5
29.6
27.0
29.4
22.0
-
-
-
-
26.5
25.7
25.7
20.6
Occupations.-The following table shows the occupations of the people (excluding children under ten years of age) as The number of births in the United Kingdom in 1909 was 1,146,118, giving a rate per thousand of 25 5. * Not including Finland.
1881.
1886.
1891.
1896.
1901.
1905, 1906.
Denmark.. .
18.3
18.1
20.0
15.7
15.8
- 13.5
Norway. .
17.0
16.2
17.5
15.1
14.9
- 13.7
Sweden.. .
17.7
16.6
16.8
15.6
16. 1
- 14.4
Holland.. .
21.5
21.8
20.7
17'2
17.2
- 14.8
UNITED KINGDOM.
18.7
19.2
20.0
16.9
17. 1
- 15.6
England.. .
18.9
19.5
20.2
17.1
16.9
- 15'4
Scotland.. .
19.3
18.9
20.7
16.6
17.9
- 16.0
Ireland.. .
17.5
17.8
18.4
16.7
17.8
- 17.0
Belgium. .
21 2
21.3
21.2
17.5
17.2
- 16.4
Switzerland. .
22.4
20.7
20
6
17.8
18
o
17.9 -
Germany.. .
25.5
26.2
23.4
20
8
20.7
19.8 -
France. .. .
22.0
22.5
22.9
20.0
20. 1
- 19.9
Japan. .. .
18.7
24.4
21.0
21.4
20.4
22.0 -
Hungary. .
34'4
3 1.7
33.1
28.9
25-4
- 24'8
Austria.. .
30.5
29'5
28
I
26.3
24.0
25.0 -
Russia in Europe*.
33.2
31.2
34'6
32.8
32
1
- -
The death-rate is similarly treated: * Not including Finland.
The deaths in the United Kingdom in 1909 numbered 667,765, the rate per thousand being 14.8.
England and Wales.
Scotland.
Ireland.
Professional .
804,427
101,061
131,035
Domestic .
1,994,197
201,230
219,418
Commercial .
1,858,454
245,715
97,889
Agricultural
1,152,495
237,311
876,062
Industrial. .
7,534,994
1,197,495
639,413
Percentage to total area
Great Britain.
Ireland.
of area-
1890.
1909.
1890.
1909.
Cultivated
57.7
56.6
73.1
70.3
Under grain crops. .
14
I
12.4
7'3
6
i
Under green crops.. .
5'8
5.4
5'8
5'0
Under grasses and other crops .
8.5
7'9
5'9
11-2
In permanent pasture.. .
28.2
3 0.2
53.4
43'1
Description of Minerals.
1900.
1909.
Value, 1909.
Tons.
Tons.
Coal. .. .. .
225,181,300
263,774,312
106,274,900
Iron ore. .. .
14,025,208
1 4,979,979
3,689,777
Clay and shale.. .
14,049,694
14,067,810
1,718,056
Sandstone. .. .
5,019,874
4,600,084
1,339,106
Slate.
585,859
402,184
1,007,013
Limestone (not chalk) .
11 ,9 0 5,477
11,811,122
1,226,967
Igneous rocks. .
4,634,301
6,283,297
1,235,046
Oil shale... .
2,282,221
2,967,057
815,937
Tin ore (dressed)
6,800
8,289
617,376
Salt
1,861,347
1,822,744
548,896
distinguished in five great orders, according to the census of 1901: Agriculture.-The following table illustrates broadly the difference in the position of agriculture in Great Britain and in Ireland: Minerals and Mining.-The mineral production of the United Kingdom reached a total value in 1890 of £100,802,657 and in 1909 of £119,394,486, with a maximum during that period of £160,605,154 in 1900 and a minimum of £ 73,024,066 in 1893. These figures include pig-iron produced from foreign ores. About 73% represents the value of the coal output. The figures for the more important minerals are as follows: Gold ore, manganese ore and uranium ore are produced in small quantities, and the list of minerals worked in the United Kingdom also includes chalk, lead, alum, phosphate of lime, chert and flint, gravel and sand, zinc ore, gypsum, arsenic, copper, barytes, wolfram and strontium sulphate.
Description of
Metal.
1900.
1909.
-
Quantity.
Quantity.
Value (average
market price).
Iron.. .
4,666,942 tons
4,802,163 tons
15,559,253
Tin. .
4,268 „
5,199 ,,
695,546
Lead. .. .
24,364 ,,
22,463 ,,
298,945
Zinc.. .
9,066 „
3,818 „
87,146
Copper.. .
765 ,,
435 ,,
27,162
Gold.. .
14,004 oZ.
1,210' OZ.
4,400
Silver.. .
190,850 „
142,146 „
14,030
Metals were obtained from the ores as follows: The total number of persons employed in and about all the mines of the United Kingdom in 1901 was 839,178, and in 1909 I,126,372.
Coal Mines, &c.
Metalliferous
Mines (a).
Quarries (b).
England. .
606,206
19,561
60,725
Wales. .
137,124
7,333
17,277
Scotland .
114,294
974
12,187
Ireland. .
749
733
4,464
The workers were thus distributed between the three kingdoms and the principality in 1905: The total figures given above include (a) 550 and (b ) 166 workers in the Isle of Man; and the figures quoted for production include that of the isle.
1900.
1909.
England.
Tons.
Tons.
Cumberland
2,022327
2,309,370
Derby
15,243,031
16,869,347
Durham
34,800,719
41,240,612
Gloucester
1,578,386
1,486,526
Lancashire
24,842,208
23,705,387
Leicester
2,106,343
2,661,606
Monmouth
9,818,829
13,204,357
Northumberland
11,514,521
14,013,135
Nottingham
8,626,177
11,106,702
Somerset
1,046, 792
1,140,818
Stafford
14,222,743
13,517,101
Warwick. .. ... .
2,957,490
4,447,978
York `Vales.. .
28,247,249
35,896,623
Carmarthen
1,333,880
1,950,429
Denbigh. .. ... .
2,447,092
2,556,612
Glamorgan
27,686,758
34,461,631
The production of coal in Great Britain, though marked by, fluctuation, has, on the whole, largely increased, and in 1901 the output was 42% greater than that of 1881. The maximum quantity extracted in any one year between 1890 and 1910 was 267,830,962 tons in 1907, and the minimum 164,325,795 in 1893. The maximum estimated value, however, was £121,6 52,596 for the 225,181,300 tons raised in 1900; the value in 1907 being £120,527,378.
In the chief coal-producing counties of England and Wales the quantity raised in 1900 and in 1909 will be found in the table at the foot of preceding column.
Thus it appears that of the coal raised in England the county of Durham contributes about 22%, Yorkshire 17%, Lancashire 16%, Stafford and Derbyshire each about 9%, and Northumberland 7%; while of the coal raised in Wales 85% is contributed by the county of Glamorgan; and that the coal production of England and Wales together constitutes, in quantity and value, 85% of the whole production of the United Kingdom.
Year.
Tons.
Year.
Tons.
1890
30,442,839
1900
46,098,228
18 93
29,031,955
1905
49,359,272
1895
33, 1 0 1 ,45 2
1909
65,694,267
The export of coal greatly increased on the whole during the period 1890-1909. The following table shows this; the figures for 1893 are given as the lowest during the period. The tonnage of coke and patent fuel is included in the totals: The chief receiving countries are, in order, Germany, France, Italy, Sweden, Spain, Russian Empire, Denmark, Egypt, Holland, Argentina, Norway and Brazil.
The annual output of iron ore in the United Kingdom has on the whole decreased since 1882. In that year it reached a maximum of 18,031,957 tons; it then fell off to 13,098,341 tons in 1887, rose in the two years following to nearly 15,000,000, fell to little over 11,000,000 in 1892-1893, rose fairly steadily to 14,461,330 in 1899, stood in 1900 at 14,028,208 tons of a value of £4224,400, and then showed a further fall and rise, until in 1905 the tonnage was 14,590,703, and the value £ 3,482,184.
1900.
1909.
Tons.
Tons.
England. ... .
13,072,118
14,176,658
Cumberland 1. ...
1,103,430
1,246,228
Lancashire 1. .. ...
630,361
312,367
Leicester
750,708
514,896
Lincoln. .. .. .
1,924,898
2,037,363
Northampton
1,622,539
2,875,659
Stafford 2
1,084,797
902,565
York. .. .. .
5,550,677
6,234,589
Wales
7,418
38,043
Scotland 2. .. ..
849,031
697,276
Ireland. .. ... .
99,641
68,002
The iron ore raised in the various countries, and in the most productive counties, is here shown: The number of furnaces in blast (fractions showing the proportion of the year furnaces were in blast) was: in England 298162, Wales 19,; Scotland 852, total 403 i '. The total number of existing furnaces in 1900 was: in England 456, Wales 42, Scotland 106; total 604; so that 33% of the number stood unused. In 1905 furnaces in blast numbered: England 244, Wales 13, Scotland 87A z; total 345A z; and those existing: in England 412, Wales 31, Scotland tor; total 544; and the percentage unused was thus 36.
In 1888 the imports of iron ore amounted to 3,562,071 tons, in 1898 to 5,468,396 tons, in 1899 to 7,054,578 tons, in 1900 to 6,297,953 tons, in 1901 to 5,548,888 tons and in 1909 to 6,361,571 tons, of which the bulk was imported from Spain. The amount of pig-iron obtained found its minimum, during the period 1890-1910, of 6,976,990 tons in 1893, and its maximum of 10,183,860 in 1906, and in 1905 the quantity produced from foreign ores (4,847,899 tons) for the first time exceeded that produced from British ores (4,760,187).
The quantity of lead ore produced within the United Kingdom has decreased. It is now less than one-half of the output of about 1877, and the value has decreased more than proportionately. In the period1890-1908the maxi- Lead. mum annual production of metallic lead from British ore was 33,590 tons in 1890, valued at £449,8 2 6; the production fluctuated somewhat, but generally fell, to the minimum of 17,704 tons in 1902 (value £198,875). The most productive counties are Flint, Durham and Derby; the ore obtained in the Isle of Man is increased in value by the silver it contains.
These counties supply the richest ore in the United Kingdom.
In these cases the greater proportion of ore is from mines also producing coal.
The annual output of tin ore, which in 1878 amounted to 1 5, 0 45 tons, valued at £530,737, fell to 12,898 tons in 1881, though the value in that year rose to £697,444.
During the years1882-1892the average output was over 14,000 tons, and its average value about £770,000, but in 1893 a decline began in the output (not however accompanied closely by a decline in the value), slightly relieved about 1905.
Year.
Tin Ore.
Value.
Tons.
1893
13,689
637,053
1900
6,800
523,604
1905
7,201
574,183
1909
5,193
617,376
Tin ore is obtained almost exclusively in Cornwall.
Like others of the less important mining industries, copper mining in the United Kingdom has declined. In 1881 the. output of ore amounted to 52,556 tons, in 1891 to 9158 tons, in 18 93 to 557 6 tons, in 1905 to 7153 tons, valued at £32,696 and yielding 716 tons of metal by smelting. The total tonnage of ore included 5757 tons from England (chiefly from Cornwall) and 1146 from Ireland (Wicklow, &c.). Copper precipitate is taken from water pumped up from old copper mines on Parys Mountain in Anglesey.
Zinc ore is obtained chiefly from mines in Cumberland, Wales and the Isle of Man. In 1881 the output reached 35,527 tons, valued at £110,043; in 1891 the output was only Zinc. 22,216 tons, but its value was £113,445. In 1897 the quantity was 19,278 tons, and the value £69,134; but in 1898 the price had risen so that the output of 23,552 tons was worth £117,784. In 1900 the output of 24,675 tons was worth £97,606; and in 1905 that of 23,909 tons was worth £139,806.
During the period1890-1905gold mines were worked continuously in Merionethshire. Notices of the discovery of gold elsewhere (as in the Forest of Dean, Argyllshire and Ireland) have appeared from time to time.
Year.
Ore.
Gold.
Value.
Tons.
Oz.
18 9 0
575
206
675
1891
14,117
4,008
13,700
18 93
4,489
2,309
8,691
1895
13,266
6,600
18,520
18 9 8
703
395
1,229
1900
20,802
14,004
52,147
1902
29,953
4,181
14,570
1904
23,203
19,655
73,925
1905
15,981
5,797
21,222
1908
-
915
3,311
The principal fluctuations in production were as follows: It should be noted also that from imported cupreous iron pyrites, copper, gold and silver are extracted at some fifteen metal extraction works in Great Britain. From 386,858 tons of burnt ore in 1900 there were obtained 13,925 tons of copper, 1 777 oz. of gold and 3 0 9,4 86 oz. of silver; and in 1905 the figures were: ore, 402,863 tons; copper, 14,502 tons; gold, 1850 oz.; silver, 322,291 oz.
Year.
Imported.
Exported.
Retained.
lb
lb
lb
1890
1,793,495,200
214,641,840
1,578,853,360
1893
1,416,780,064
224,621,488
1,192,158,576
18 95
1,757,042,672
203,284,592
1,553,758,080
1898
2,128,548,352
203,072,464
1,925,475,888
1900
1,760,206,672
215,747,168
1,544,459,504
1905
2,203,595,520
283,177,888
1,920,417,632
1907
2,386,901,104
330,352,064
2,056,549,040
1909
2,188,761,456
268,633,456
1,920,128,000
Textile Industries.-The most important of the textile industries of Great Britain is cotton manufacture. The quantities Cotton. of raw cotton imported, exported and retained for Cot consumption for various years during the period1890-1910were as follows: During the same period the minimum and maximum amount of raw cotton (in lb) imported into the United Kingdom from the principal countries whence it is exported was as follows: United States of America (1893), 1, 0 55, 8 55,3 60; (1898), 1,805,353,424; Egypt (1890), 181,266,176; (1907), 4 2 3, 0 5 2 ,44 8; British possessions in the East Indies (1898), 27,349,728; (1890), 2 3 8 ,74 6 ,7 0 4; (1909), 75,621,168;75,621,168; Brazil (1899), 5,4 6 4,59 2; (1906), 54,362,000; Peru (1891), 6, 1 75,344; (1909), 2 4,4 1 3,§4 8.8. In 1905 there were imported 7,941,920 lb from Chile (only 195,328 in 1909); 6,033,104 lb from Canada (this also fluctuates greatly; 1,801,072 in 1909); 1,241,408 lb from British West Africa (4,985,232 in 1909); 1,126,720 lb from the British West Indies and Guiana (3,022,208 in 1908).
According to the census returns of 1901 there were 546,065 persons employed in cotton factories, 199,920 male and 346,145 female. Of the total number of workpeople, 529,131 were employed in England and Wales, 14,805 in Scotland and 212 in Ireland. In 1907 the total had risen to 576,820 (217,742 males and 359,078 females).
Year.
Imports.
Exports of
imported Wool.
Retained.
lb
lb
lb
1890
633,028,131
340,712,303
292,315,828
18 95
775,379,063
404,935,226
370,443,837
1898
699,555,048
283,317,748
416,237,300
1900
558,950,528
196,207,261
362,743,267
1905
620,350,885
277,864,215
342,486,670
1907
764,286,625
313,519,282
450,767,343
1909
808,710,087
390,695,182
418,014,905
The extent of the woollen and worsted manufactures of the United Kingdom is indicated by the following table showing the imports and exports of wool and the quantity retained for use in various years (1890-19ò5):--- During the same period the minimum and maximum amount of wool (in lb) imported into the United Kingdom was as follows: Australia (1904), 220,483,961; (1895), 417,163,078; New Zealand (1890), 95, 6 3 2 ,59 8; (1909), 1 7 6 ,457, 1 5 0; British possessions in South Africa (1900), 32,219,369; (1909), 115,896,598; South America (1890), 11,173,692; (1908), 78,938,157; British possessions in the East Indies (1901), 24,069,571; (1909), 56,238,633; France (1890), 10, 8 73,7 88; (1902), 27,770,790; Turkish Empire (1908), 5,705,671; (1897), 25,727,462.
In the woollen and worsted industries 239,954 persons were employed according to the census of 1901, of whom 99,425 were males and 140,529 females. Of the total number 209,700 were employed in England and Wales, 24,906 in Scotland and 5348 in Ireland.
England
United Kingdom.
and
Scotland.
Ireland.
Total.
Males.
Females.
Wales.
Flax
4,493
2 3,57 o
71,464
29,226
70,301
99,527
Hemp, jute,
&c. .
2,750
39,200
639
11,618
30,971
42,589
Silk
34,847
2,424
209
11,058
26,422
37,480
1-Iosiery
4 8 ,374
11,957
611
15,067
45, 8 75
60,942
The numbers of persons employed in the other principal textile industries in 1901 was as follows: Commerce.-British commerce received an enormous development after the first quarter of the 19th century. In 1826 the aggregate value of the imports into and exports from the United Kingdom amounted to no more than £88,758,678; while the total rose to £110,559,538 in 1836 and to £205,625,831 in 1846. In 1856 the aggregate of imports and exports had risen to £311,764,507, in 1866 to £534,195,956 and in 1876 to £ 6 3 1 ,931,3 0 5. Thus the commercial transactions of the United Kingdom with foreign states and British colonies increased more than sevenfold in the course of fifty years.
Country.
1890.
1895.
1900.
1905.
1909.
I. - BRITISH POSSESSIONS -
£
£
£
£
India and Ceylon Imports
Exports
37,856,598
38,254,769
31,076,761
27,519,909
32,861,217
32,885,147
40540,341
45,796,432
40,995,633
46,617,909
Straits Settlements,Malaysia Imports
6,412,865
5,404,887
8,092,057
7,222,215
8,948,582
and Hong Kong. Exports
5
5,766,059
4,077,436
6,162,526
7,162,908
7,455,726
Africa. Imports
) Exports
11,290,022
10,744,904
12,522,366
13,325,089
9,703,086
16,725,092
14,755,353
21,338,292
13,130.724
20,181,408
Canada and Newfoundland
5 Imports
12,444,489
13,400,570
22,240,325
26,204,205
27,674,340
.
Exports
8,272,743
6,594,903
9,659,238
14,267,967
18,750,970
West Indies, Bermudas,Hon- Imports
2,992,472
2,831,343
2,483,648
2,717,318
2,969,772
duras and Guiana.. Exports
4,262,669
3,230,189
2,954,477
3,324,665
3,777,244
Australia S Imports
A
20,992,185
24,954,779
23,800,820
26,968,977
32,655,709
? Exports
281:374507:473005
15,867,979
23,545,565
19,476,463
27,207,430
New Zealand. 5 Imports
Exports
3,705,428
8,383,058
3,443,688
11,615,881
5,899,292
13,391,222
6,994,806
17,730,556
8,081,422
Other } Imports
t Exports
1,720,583
3,826,012
1,952,431
3,095,184
2,287,537
4,252,072
3,731,132
4,351,367
2,800,939
4,246,362
II. FOREIGN COUNTRIES -
France. S Imports
7 Exports
44,828,148
24,710,803
47,470,583
20,324,998
53,618,656
25,877,453
53,072,900
23,232,663
50,690,785
31,515,320
Germany Imports
Exports
26,073,331
30,516,281
26,992,559
32,736,651
31,181,667
38,542,790
35,799,758
42,742,300
40,115,450
47,168,852
Belgium Imports
B Exports
17,383,776
13,594,966
17,545,169
11,934,653
23,502,603
14,846,307
27,751,288
14,818,923
29,217,560
19,284,791
Holland Imports
) Exports
25,900,924
28,419,944
31,381,023
35,481,059
37,371,702
16,445,992
11,272,258
14,931,090
14516,887
16,303,884
Denmark, Faeroe, Iceland, SImports
7,753,389
9,799,328
13,187,757
15,606,991
19,427,483
Greenland. .. Exports
2,928,006
3,135,122
4724,121
4,609,671
5,705,415
Norway ! Imports
-
3,831,727
5,756,018
5,954,870
6,574,319
Exports
2,532,050
3,910,982
3,712,532
3,835,436
Sweden. ., Imports
S
Exports
-
-
8,784,256
4,036,729
20,635,060
6,495,223
9,827,993
6,016,332
9,245,303
7,114,071
Imports
Austria-Hungary Exports
1,728,337
1,694,318
1,221,783
2,149,552
1,375,245
3,157,716
1,488,604
2,603,223
1,208,499
4,333,269
Rumania Imports
R
)
4,447,159
2,118,505
1,396,639
1689,513
3,395,474
' Exports
2,350,497
944,034
616,287
1,305,658
1,749,996
Greece } Imports
1,962,798
1,241,406
2,227,212
1,328,234
1,613,174
1 Exports
1,235,126
860,193
1,104,196
1,251,642
1,513,744
Italy Imports
3,093,918
3,132,720
3417790
3,324,595
3,634,073
.
Exports
8,523,209
6,211,337
9444498
9,787,306
13,274,764
Imports
Spain Exports
P
12,508,533
5,702,80
57 4
11,314,518
4,052,806
15,882,346
6,333,857
13,858,631
4,841,774
13,362,959
5,352,017
51mports
Portugal Exports
2,942,194
2,612,638
2,491,926
1,865,973
3,241,367
2,529,305
2,929,634
2,826,257
2,912,994
2,777,201
Russian Empire Imports
) Exports
23,750,868
8,846,054
24,736,919
10,686,333
21,983,952
16,360,475
33,366,234
14,884,050
36,897,746
28,325,844
Turkey Imports
Exports
8,368,8511
7,340,8681
5,630,240
5,566,187
5,657,627
5,372,956
5,491,443
6,979,147
5,085,435
7,789,432
Imports
1,024,993
1,143,382
1,540,526
1,860,313
4,232,716
Japan Exports
4,187,373
4,772,829
9,933,925
9,796,900
8,618,821
Chi } Imports
China
4,830,850 2
3343,865 22
2,359,821
2,340,3a63
3,725,502
? Exports
6,763,221 2
5363,536 2
5,634,313
13,298,828 3
8,558,275
Netherlands - India } Imports
t Exports
1,223,037
1,675,054
874,313
1,988,479
287,454
2,881,601
2,129,479
3,558,562
2,436,518
3,768,264
} Imports
8,368,851
9,524,507
12,585,578
14,976,188
19,872,288
Egypt
. (Exports
3,459,991
3,414,556
6,159,468
8,069,668
8,142,325
U.S.A.
97,283,349
86,548,860
138,789,261
115,573,051
118,269,777
t Exports
46,340,012
44,067,703
37,343,955
47,282,088
59,254,166
Mexico andCentral American Imports
1,863,284
1,443,345
1,144,590
2,138,574
2,595,356
States Exports
s
3,050,051
3,035,097
3,149,652
3,022,074
3,179,577
Brazil 51Imports
Exports
4,350,675
7,795,073
3,614,155
7,643,739
5,946,547
6,156,600
8,109,208
6,916,617
11,271,890
8,809,226
Argentina } Imports
1 Exports
4,129,802
8,530,427
9,084,497
5,480,848
13,080,466
7,438,238
25,034,325
13,383,835
32,528,446
19,202,496
Chile 51mports
3,473,348
3,436,142
4,828,371
6,068,031
6,607,415
Exports
3,365,824
3,454,332
3,535,736
4,782,382
5,054,144
Other countries in Asia Imports
1 Exports
376,969
516,846
344,895
720,350
373,344
684,440
611,096
699,556
1 ,043,280
1,214,041
Africa 51mports
Exports
2,345,843
3,262,462
1,683,319
3,052,023
2,503,823
4,686,727
2,901,281
6,063,114
4,538,518
7,783,508
South America. Imports
Exports
2,080,466
5,674,325
2,437,294
4,489,592
2,355,802
4,088,731
3,897,595
5,129,351
5,657,201
6,137,748
Other countries Imports
3,206,713
3,447,034
3,190,888
6,289,947
4,260,790
5 Exports
6,605,220
3901,551
6,370,943
8,352,264
7,440,065
Total for British possessionsImports
100,279,852
100,405,592
113,074,557
134,530,683
146,908,244
' Exports
94,522,469
76,138,896
102,083,109
Copyright Statement These files are public domain.
Bibliography Information Chisholm, Hugh, General Editor. Entry for 'United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland-2'. 1911 Encyclopedia Britanica. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/bri/u/united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-ireland-2.html. 1910.
Lectionary Calendar
Sunday, August 14th, 2022 the Week of Proper 15 / Ordinary 20