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Bible Dictionaries
Swallows
Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary
or סיס , a bird too well known to need description. Our translators of the Bible have given this name to two different Hebrew words. The first, דרור , in Psalms 84:3 , and Proverbs 26:2 , is probably the bird which Forskal mentions among the migratory birds of Alexandria, by the name of dururi; and the second, עגור , Isaiah 38:14 , and Jeremiah 8:7 , is the crane; but the word סיס , in the two last places rendered in our version "crane," is really the swallow. So the Septuagint, Vulgate, and two ancient manuscripts, Theodotion, and Jerom, render it, and Bochart and Lowth follow them. Bochart assigns the note of this bird for the reason of its name, and ingeniously remarks that the Italians about Venice call a swallow zizilla, and its twittering zizillare. The swallow being a plaintive bird, and a bird of passage, perfectly agrees with the meaning of Isaiah and Jeremiah. The annual migration of the swallow has been familiarly known in every age, and perhaps in every region of the earth. In Psalms 84:3 , it is said, "The sparrow hath found a house, and the swallow a nest for herself, where she may lay her young, even thine altars, O Lord of hosts." By the altars of Jehovah we are to understand the temple. The words probably refer to the custom of several nations of antiquity,—that birds which built their nests on the temples, or within the limits of them, were not suffered to be driven away, much less killed; but found a secure and uninterrupted dwelling. Hence, when Aristodicus disturbed the birds' nests of the temple of Kumae, and took the young from them, a voice, according to a tradition preserved by Herodotus, is said to have spoken these words from the interior of the temple: "Most villainous of men, how darest thou to drive away such as seek refuge in my temple?" The Athenians were so enraged at Atarbes, who had killed a sparrow which built on the temple of AEsculapius, that they killed him. Among the Arabs, who are more closely related to the Hebrews, birds which build their nests on the temple of Mecca have been inviolable from the earliest times. In the very ancient poem of a Dschorhamidish prince, published by a Schulten, in which he laments that his tribe had been deprived of the protection of the sanctuary of Mecca, it is said,
"We lament the house, whose dove
Was never suffer'd to be hurt:
She remain'd there secure; in it, also, The sparrow built its nest."
In another ancient Arabian poet, Nabega, the Dhobianit swears "by the sanctuary which affords shelter to the birds which seek it there." Niebuhr says, "I will observe, that among the Mohammedans, not only is the kaba a refuge for the pigeons, but also on the mosques over the graves of All and Hassein, on the Dsjamea, or chief mosque, at Helle, and in other cities, they are equally undisturbed." And Thevenot remarks: "Within a mosque at Oudjicum lies interred the son of a king, called Schah-Zadeh-Imam Dgiafer, whom they reckon a saint. The dome is rough cast over; before the mosque there is a court, well planted with many high plane trees, on which we saw a great many storks, that haunt thereabout all the year round." See SPARROW .
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Watson, Richard. Entry for 'Swallows'. Richard Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary. https://www.studylight.org/dictionaries/eng/wtd/s/swallows.html. 1831-2.
