Verse-by-Verse Bible Commentary
Psalms 83:9

Clarke's Commentary

Verse Psalms 83:9. Do unto them as unto the Midianites — Who were utterly defeated by Gideon, Judges 7:21-22.

As to Sisera — Captain of the army of Jabin, king of Canaan, who was totally defeated by Deborah and Barak, near Mount Tabor, by the river Kishon; and himself, after having fled from the battle, slain by Jael, the wife of Heber, the Kenite. See Judges 4:15, &c.

Bridgeway Bible Commentary

Psalms Opposition to God’s just rule

Psalms 82:0 is written against all those who act unjustly in their position as God’s representatives in administering justice. They are even called gods (v. 1,6; cf. John 10:34; Romans 13:1,Romans 13:4,Romans 13:6). However, instead of rescuing the helpless poor from the powerful rich who enslave them, they show favour to those with influence and money (82:1-4). Because they are blind to all justice, truth and mercy, there is no stability in society (5). They may have high rank, but it will not save them on the day when they themselves are judged. They will be destroyed along with other wicked people (6-8).

Another picture of opposition to God concerns an attack on Israel by enemy nations whose hatred of Israel results from their hatred of God (83:1-4). On all sides enemies gather to fight against God and his people (5-8). But just as God defeated Sisera and Jabin in the time of Deborah, and defeated the Midianites in the time of Gideon, so may he defeat the gathered armies again (9-12; see Judges 4:1-31, Judges 6:1-28). The psalmist prays that their destruction will be complete (13-15), so that people will acknow ledge God’s sovereign power and praise his holy name (16-18).

Coffman's Commentaries on the Bible

PRAYER FOR GOD TO INTERVENE AS IN ANCIENT INSTANCES OF HIS HELP

"Do thou unto them as unto Midian; As to Sisera, as to Jabin, at the river Kishon; Who perished at Endor, Who became as dung for the earth. Make their nobles like Oreb and Zeeb; Yea, all their princes like Zebah and Zalmunna; Who said, Let us take to ourselves in possession The habitations of God"

"As unto Midian" The seventh chapter of Judges gives the narrative of how Gideon and three hundred men routed the Midianites, and beheaded their nobles Oreb and Zeeb.

"As to Sisera, as to Jabin" Judges 4 gives the record of Israel's victories over Sisera and Jabin, a key factor in which was that Jael, the wife of Heber, slew Sisera in his sleep, and Israel prevailed over Jabin the king of Canaan.

"Which perished at Endor" This was evidently the scene of the battle in which Jabin king of Canaan was defeated. The mention of the flesh of the slain fertilizing the ground is an indelicate thought such as many that we encounter in the imprecatory psalms.

"Like Oreb and Zeeb" These were discussed under Psalms 83:9, above.

"Like Zebah and Zalmunna" "These were two petty kings of Midian who were slain by Gideon (Judges 8:4-21)."International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (Chicago, Illinois: The Howard-Severance Company, 1915), p. 3133.

"Let us take…. the habitations of God" This is difficult to understand because God had only one habitation in Israel, i.e., at the location of the tabernacle or the temple. Perhaps the enemy by this intention were thinking of all the dwellings of the Jews in Israel. The language of this verse should not be understood as the words of Oreb, Zeeb, Zebah and Zalmunna, but as the arrogant boast of the enemies mentioned in Psalms 83:6-8.

Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible

Do unto them as unto the Midianites - That is, Let them be overthrown and destroyed as the Midianites were. The reference here is to the complete overthrow of the Midianites, as related in Numbers 31:0.

As to Sisera - The captain or commander of the army of Jabin, king of Canaan. He was conquered by the Hebrew armies under the direction of the prophetess Deborah, by the instrumentality of Barak Judges 4:4, Judges 4:6,Judges 4:14-15, and was slain by Jael, the wife of Heber the Kenite, Judges 4:17-21.

As to Jabin - The king of Canaan, in whose service Sisera was.

At the brook of Kison - Judges 4:13. This is a stream which rises near Mount Tabor, and empties itself into the Bay of Ptolemais. In Judges 5:21, in the song of Deborah on occasion of this victory, it is mentioned as “that ancient river, the river Kishon;” that is, it was a stream which was well known; which had been referred to in ancient tales and poetry; not a newly discovered river, but a river whose name and locality were familiar to all.

Calvin's Commentary on the Bible

9.Do to them as to the Midianites. The faithful, having complained of the very grievous oppressions to which they were subjected, with the view of inducing God the more readily to succor them, now call to their remembrance the many occasions on which he had afforded relief to his people, when brought into the most desperate circumstances. From this, it is an obvious inference, that God wisely delays his aid to his servants under oppression, that when they seem to be reduced to the last extremity, he may appear in a miraculous manner for their succor. The prophet, in this verse, mingles together two histories. Strict accuracy would have required him to have said in one connected sentence, Do to them as to the Midianites at the brook Kishon. But he inserts in the middle of this sentence, the slaughter of Jabin and Sisera. It was, however, of no great importance to distinguish particularly between the two histories. He considered it enough for his purpose, to bring to the remembrance of himself and other pious Jews, the miracles which God in the days of old had so often wrought in delivering his people. The great object aimed at is to show, that God, who had so often put his enemies to flight, and rescued his poor trembling sheep out of the jaws of wolves, was not now without the power of effecting the same deliverance. The wonderful manner in which he succoured his people by the hand of Gideon is well known: Judges 6:0 and 7; It might have seemed altogether ridiculous for Gideon to venture to engage in battle against a very powerful army, with no greater a number of men of war than three hundred, and these, be it observed, such as had been in a state of bondage during their whole lives, and whom the mere look of their lords might have thrown into consternation. And yet, it came to pass, that the Midianites perished by turning their swords against each other. The same goodness God displayed in the slaughter of Sisera and king Jabin, Judges 4:13. Barak, under the conduct of a woman, Deborah, discomfited them both, when, with a small handful of soldiers, he intrepidly gave battle to their mighty host. And Sisera, the general of the army, did not die bravely on the field of battle, but was smitten by the hand of a woman after he had retired to some hiding-place. That the faithful may not be overwhelmed with terror and fall into despair, they seasonably fortify themselves with these examples of deliverance, by which God had shown that in himself alone there resides a sufficiency of power to defend his people, whenever, destitute of the resources of human aid, they should betake themselves to him. From that astonishing and unwonted mode of granting deliverance, they came to the conclusion, that he is a wonderful worker in preserving his Church; in order to encourage themselves to entertain the fullest confidence, that in his breath alone they would have sufficient strength to overthrow all their enemies. Nor is it only in this passage that the slaughter of the Midianites is related for this purpose. Isaiah also (Isaiah 9:4) introduces it for confirming the truth of the Church’s restitution: “For thou hast broken the yoke of his burden, and the staff of his shoulder, the rod of his oppressor, as in the day of Midian.” When it is stated that they became manure for the earth, the expression may be explained as meaning, either, first, that their carcases lay rotting upon the earth; or, secondly, that they were trampled under foot as manure. This latter exposition is the most appropriate; but I do not reject the former. The reason why it is said, They perished at Endor, it is somewhat difficult to ascertain. The name, Endor, is to be found in Joshua 17:11; and it is probable, that the army of king Jabin was destroyed there. ⁽⁴⁴⁶⁾ The opinion entertained by some, that Endor is here used as an appellative, conveying the idea that their discomfiture was open and visible to the eye, is what I cannot approve.

(446) Endor is not mentioned in the account given of the discomfiture of Jabin’s host, and the slaughter of Sisera, in Judges 4:0; but it appears from Joshua 17:11, which Calvin quotes, to have been a part of the portion which fell to the tribe of Manasseh. In that passage, Taanach and Megiddo are mentioned as districts adjoining to Endor. And in the song of Deborah, the kings of Canaan who fought on the occasion referred to, against the Israelites, are said to have fought “in Taanach by the waters of Megiddo,” Judges 5:19. This may explain why they are said to have perished at Endor, which was near the place where Sisera’s army were destroyed.

Smith's Bible Commentary

Psalms 83:1-18 is a psalm where he is speaking out of the calamities that the enemies have brought upon them and asking for God's deliverance as He had in their past history. Asking God to work, "O God, help us now, Lord."

Don't keep silence, O God: don't hold your peace, don't be still, O God ( Psalms 83:1 ).

God, do something.

For, lo, thine enemies make a tumult: they that hate thee have lifted up the head. They have taken crafty counsel against thy people, and consulted against thy hidden ones ( Psalms 83:2-3 ).

One of the difficult things today is, more or less, the silence of God. When I see the corruption that is being foistered upon the United States through the Hollywood movie industry, I see how that crafty people are making God seem like, you know, making the worship of God or people believe in God, making them look like fools. Making a person who believes in righteousness or morality to look like an Archie Bunker type, you know, a real nut. And deliberately casting a person who would stand up for good in a bad light, and glorifying the evil kind of person, making heroes out of those that are engaged in evil. Poisoning the mind of the nation.

I sometimes with the psalmist say, "God, don't keep silence. Do something, Lord. Stop them. Break their teeth in their mouths, Lord. Smash their noses against their face. God, don't keep... do something, God." I look at these ads that have been promoted by the National Council of Churches that are against the evangelicals, Norman Lear, and I say, "God, stop these evil men." The National Council of Churches hires this atheistic, humanist Norman Lear to make these ads that are against the evangelicals. And I think, "God, stop them." Terrible that they... National Council of Churches.

Now, I know that on Sunday nights we have an extremely large radio audience. In fact, the radio surveys that are made have discovered that the Sunday night broadcast here at Calvary of our service is the most listened to radio program in Orange County. It exceeds all the news programs, rock stations or anything else. And we praise the Lord for the opportunity of being on the radio and to broadcast the Sunday night services so that a lot of the people who have small children can stay home and put the kids to bed and listen to the services.

But yet, you think of all...well, the people that are listening, and you, a lot of you are come from other churches. A lot of you are involved with churches that are related to the National Council of Churches. And I'd like to say personally, I wouldn't want the slightest relationship or association to the National Council of Churches, and I would not contribute one dime to any church that supports the National Council of Churches or the World Council of Churches. And I'm just laying it out to you straight, and I think that if some of the people will just quit supporting some of these churches that do support them, that they'll start taking another look at their relationships. But I believe that the National Council of Churches and the World Council of Churches have done more against Christianity than perhaps almost any other groups in the world. They are not representative of the true evangelical church at all. They represent humanistic concepts in religion, and they are promoting evil causes.

Oh, don't keep silent, God. Don't hold Your peace. Don't be still, God. Do something. But, "Lo, your enemies are making a tumult. Those that hate You have lifted up their head. They've taken crafty counsel against Your people." Hired crafty counselors.

They have said, Come, and let us cut them off from being a nation ( Psalms 83:4 );

And actually they have taken a position against Israel is what he is saying. Do you know that the World Council of Churches supports the PLO to the tune of over $2 million a year? A lot of the terrorist activities of the PLO are sponsored and paid for by the World Council of Churches that receives its monies from the churches that are related to the National Council of Churches, which part of that money goes to the World Council of Churches. And if you belong to a church that is contributing to either the National or World Council of Churches, you are actually contributing to such things as Angelo Davis' defense fund; you're contributing to the terrorist groups that are in Africa; you're contributing to those terrorists that are coming in and killing missionaries and missionary children; you're contributing to the terrorism of the PLO; you're contributing to those that are seeking to destroy the nation Israel, and I wouldn't want to have any part in the contribution to any of those causes myself.

But they've confederated against you. Let us cut Israel off.

that the name of Israel may be no more in remembrance. They have consulted together with one consent: they are confederate against God: The tabernacles ( Psalms 83:4-6 )

And he names the nations now that have gone together.

Edom, the Ishmaelites; those of Moab, the Hagarenes; Gebal, and Ammon, and Amalek; the Philistines and Tyre; Assur also is joined with them: and they have the help of the children of Lot ( Psalms 83:6-8 ).

Now he's saying, "God, wipe them out."

Do unto them like you did to the Midianites ( Psalms 83:9 );

In the time... in the book of Judges when the Midianites came against the children of Israel and Gideon went out against them.

Do as you did to Sisera, and as to Jabin, there at the brook Kison ( Psalms 83:9 ):

Or Sisera, and Jabin. God, as You've driven a spike through their skull. You know, get them, God.

Make their nobles like Oreb, and Zeeb ( Psalms 83:11 ):

Who were in the book of Judges also. Oreb and Zeeb are about the eighth chapter, or the seventh chapter of the book of Judges.

and unto the princes of Zebah, and Zalmunna ( Psalms 83:11 ):

These were all princes that were slain of the Midianites who had come against Israel at the time of Gideon and were destroyed by... some by Gideon and others by the Ephraimites who came to help Gideon.

Who said, Let us take ourselves the houses of God in possession. O my God, make them like a wheel; as the stubble before the wind. As the fire burns wood, and the flame sets the mountains on fire; So persecute them with thy tempest, and make them afraid with thy storm. Fill their faces with shame; that they may seek thy name, O LORD. Let them be confounded and troubled for ever; yea, let them be put to shame, and perish: That men may know that thou, whose name alone is JEHOVAH, art the Most High over all the eaRuth ( Psalms 83:12-18 ).

"God, do these things in order that men might know that You are over all things." And that was the real cry behind, "O God, it seems that these people have gathered against You, against Your purposes. Now God, put them to silence. Stop them, Lord, that people might learn to respect You." "

Dr. Constable's Expository Notes

Psalms 83

Asaph prayed that God would destroy the enemies that threatened to overwhelm Israel, as He had done in the past. This is a psalm of national (communal) lament, and it is the last of the psalms attributed to Asaph (Psalms 50, 73-83).

Dr. Constable's Expository Notes

Asaph prayed that God would deliver His people, as He had in the past during the Judges Period. God had destroyed the Midianites with Gideon’s small band of soldiers (Judges 7-8). Oreb and Zeeb were the Midianite commanders (Judges 7:25), and Zebah and Zalmunna were the Midianite kings (Judges 8:5-6; Judges 8:12; Judges 8:18). God defeated the Canaanite coalition near the Kishon River, and the town of Endor, through Deborah and Barak (Judges 4). Sisera was the Canaanite commander and Jabin the Canaanite king. These were both powerful victories that ended the domination of these enemies of Israel.

Dr. Constable's Expository Notes

2. The desire for deliverance 83:9-18

Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

Do unto them as unto the Midianites,.... In the times of Gideon, who destroyed one another, trod in whose destruction the hand of the Lord was very visible, Judges 7:20, and much in the same manner was the confederate army of the Moabites, Ammonites, and others, destroyed in the times of Jehoshaphat, 2 Chronicles 20:20,

as to Sisera, as to Jabin: Jabin was a king of Canaan, who oppressed Israel, and Sisera was his general; the latter was slain by a woman, Jael, the wife of Heber; and the former the hand of Israel prevailed against, until they destroyed him, Judges 4:2, the great victory which they obtained over them was

at the brook of Kison, or "Kishon", Judges 4:7 with this compare 2 Chronicles 20:16.

Henry's Complete Commentary on the Bible

      9 Do unto them as unto the Midianites; as to Sisera, as to Jabin, at the brook of Kison:   10 Which perished at Endor: they became as dung for the earth.   11 Make their nobles like Oreb, and like Zeeb: yea, all their princes as Zebah, and as Zalmunna:   12 Who said, Let us take to ourselves the houses of God in possession.   13 O my God, make them like a wheel; as the stubble before the wind.   14 As the fire burneth a wood, and as the flame setteth the mountains on fire;   15 So persecute them with thy tempest, and make them afraid with thy storm.   16 Fill their faces with shame; that they may seek thy name, O LORD.   17 Let them be confounded and troubled for ever; yea, let them be put to shame, and perish:   18 That men may know that thou, whose name alone is JEHOVAH, art the most high over all the earth.

      The psalmist here, in the name of the church, prays for the destruction of those confederate forces, and, in God's name, foretels it; for this prayer that it might be so amounts to a prophecy that it shall be so, and this prophecy reaches to all the enemies of the gospel-church; whoever they be that oppose the kingdom of Christ, here they may read their doom. The prayer is, in short, that these enemies, who were confederate against Israel, might be defeated in all their attempts, and that they might prove their own ruin, and so God's Israel might be preserved and perpetuated. Now this is here illustrated,

      I. By some precedents. Let that be their punishment which has been the fate of others who have formerly set themselves against God's Israel. The defeat and discomfiture of former combinations may be pleaded in prayer to God and improved for the encouragement of our own faith and hope, because God is the same still that ever he was, the same to his people and the same against his and their enemies; with him is no variableness. 1. He prays that their armies might be destroyed as the armies of former enemies had been (Psalms 83:9; Psalms 83:10): Do to them as to the Midianites; let them be routed by their own fears, for so the Midianites were, more than by Gideon's 300 men. Do to them as to the army under the command of Sisera (who was general under Jabin king of Canaan) which God discomfited (Judges 4:15) at the brook Kishon, near to which was Endor. They became as dung on the earth; their dead bodies were thrown like dung laid in heaps, or spread, to fatten the ground; they were trodden to dirt by Barak's small but victorious army; and this was fitly made a precedent here, because Deborah made it so to aftertimes when it was fresh. Judges 5:31, So let all thy enemies perish, O Lord! that is, So they shall perish. 2. He prays that their leaders might be destroyed as they had been formerly. The common people would not have been so mischievous if their princes had not set them on, and therefore they are particularly prayed against, Psalms 83:11; Psalms 83:12. Observe, (1.) What their malice was against the Israel of God. They said, Let us take to ourselves the houses of God in possession (Psalms 83:12; Psalms 83:12), the pleasant places of God (so the word is), by which we may understand the land of Canaan, which was a pleasant land and was Immanuel's land, or the temple, which was indeed God's pleasant place (Isaiah 64:11), or (as Dr. Hammond suggests) the pleasant pastures, which these Arabians, who traded in cattle, did in a particular manner seek after. The princes and nobles aimed to enrich themselves by this war; and their armies must be made as dung for the earth, to serve their covetousness and their ambition. (2.) What their lot should be. They shall be made like Oreb and Zeeb (two princes of the Midianites, who, when their forces were routed, were taken in their flight by the Ephraimites and slain, Judges 7:25), and like Zeba and Zalmunna, whom Gideon himself slew, Judges 8:21. "Let these enemies of ours be made as easy a prey to us as they were to the conquerors then." We may not prescribe to God, but we may pray to God that he will deal with the enemies of his church in our days as he did with those in the days of our fathers.

      II. He illustrates it by some similitudes, and prays, 1. That God would make them like a wheel (Psalms 83:13; Psalms 83:13), that they might be in continual motion, unquiet, unsettled, and giddy in all their counsels and resolves, that they might roll down easily and speedily to their own ruin. Or, as some think, that they might be broken by the judgments of God, as the corn is broken, or beaten out, by the wheel which was then used in threshing. Thus, when a wise king scatters the wicked, he is said to bring the wheel over them,Proverbs 20:26. Those that trust in God have their hearts fixed; those that fight against him are unfixed, like a wheel. 2. That they might be chased as stubble, or chaff, before the fierce wind. "The wheel, though it continually turn round, is fixed on its own axis; but let them have no more fixation than the light stubble has, which the wind hurries away, and nobody desires to save it, but is willing it should go," Psalms 1:4. Thus shall the wicked be driven away in his wickedness, and chased out of the world. 3. That they might be consumed, as wood by the fire, or as briers and thorns, as fern or furze, upon the mountains, by the flames, Psalms 83:14; Psalms 83:14. When the stubble is driven by the wind it will rest, at last, under some hedge, in some ditch or other; but he prays that they might not only be driven away as stubble, but burnt up as stubble. And this will be the end of wicked men (Hebrews 6:8) and particularly of all the enemies of God's church. The application of these comparisons we have (Psalms 83:15; Psalms 83:15): So persecute them with thy tempest, persecute them to their utter ruin, and make them afraid with thy storm. See how sinners are made miserable; the storm of God's wrath raises terrors in their own hearts, and so they are made completely miserable. God can deal with the proudest and most daring sinner that has bidden defiance to his justice, and can make him afraid as a grasshopper. It is the torment of devils that they tremble.

      III. He illustrates it by the good consequences of their confusion, Psalms 83:16-18; Psalms 83:16-18. He prays here that God, having filled their hearts with terror, would thereby fill their faces with shame, that they might be ashamed of their enmity to the people of God (Isaiah 26:11), ashamed of their folly in acting both against Omnipotence itself and their own true interest. They did what they could to put God's people to shame, but the shame will at length return upon themselves. Now, 1. The beginning of this shame might be a means of their conversion: "Let them be broken and baffled in their attempts, that they may seek thy name, O Lord! Let them be put to a stand, that they may have both leisure and reason to pause a little, and consider who it is that they are fighting against and what an unequal match they are for him, and may therefore humble and submit themselves and desire conditions of peace. Let them be made to fear thy name, and perhaps that will bring them to seek thy name." Note, That which we should earnestly desire and beg of God for our enemies and persecutors is that God would bring them to repentance, and we should desire their abasement in order to this, no other confusion to them than what may be a step towards their conversion. 2. If it did not prove a means of their conversion, the perfecting of it would redound greatly to the honour of God. If they will not be ashamed and repent, let them be put to shame and perish; if they will not be troubled and turned, which would soon put an end to all their trouble, a happy end, let them be troubled for ever, and never have peace: this will be for God's glory (Psalms 83:18; Psalms 83:18), that other men may know and own, if they themselves will not, that thou, whose name alone is JEHOVAH (that incommunicable, though not ineffable name) art the Most High over all the earth. God's triumphs over his and his church's enemies will be incontestable proofs, (1.) That he is, according to his name JEHOVAH, a self-existent self-sufficient Being, that has all power and perfection in himself. (2.) That he is the most high God, sovereign Lord of all, above all gods, above all kings, above all that exalt themselves and pretend to be high. (3.) That he is so, not only over the land of Israel, but over all the earth, even those nations of the earth that do not know him or own him; for his kingdom rules over all. These are great and unquestionable truths, but men will hardly be persuaded to know and believe them; therefore the psalmist prays that the destruction of some might be the conviction of others. The final ruin of all God's enemies, in the great day, will be the effectual proof of this, before angels and men, when the everlasting shame and contempt to which sinners shall rise (Daniel 12:2) shall redound to the everlasting honour and praise of that God to whom vengeance belongs.